【KS5U解析】山東省昌樂縣第二中學2020屆高三上學期期末考試英語拉練試卷二 Word版含解析

1、2019-2020年高三英語上學期期末考試拉練（二）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上和試卷指定的位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 閱讀 （共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c、d四個選項中選出最佳選項。athe star eco station is an environmental sc

2、ience museum, a wildlife rescue center, and a shelter for endangered animals. it carries out the mission “preservation through education” by educating visitors about the preservation of the environment and the inter-dependence of all living things.field trips star eco station hosts field trips for s

3、chools and camps throughout southern california. each field trip lasts two hours, consisting of a one-hour gathering and a one-hour tour of the facility, with lessons associated with california state science standards. throughout the field trip, students learn about the latest developments in enviro

4、nmental protection and the ways in which wildlife interacts with various ecosystems. the students also receive an up-close and hands-on experience with our rescued foreign wildlife. the tour includes different environmental exhibits that showcase the ways students can help protect animals in the wil

5、d. public toursguided tours of the star eco station introduce visitors to over two hundred rescued foreign wildlife. the guided tour lasts approximately 45-60 minutes. visitors are served on a first-come, first-served basis. no reservations are required. however, tours may sell out. we suggest large

6、r groups schedule a private tour. note: our regular public tours times are subject to change without notice. please call in advance for the most up-to-date information. 1. what is the star eco station aimed at?a. helping research wildlife abroad.b. collecting money for animal shelters.c. raising awa

7、reness of wildlife protection.d. providing a knowledge of unusual animals.2. what can students do during a field trip?a. make a speech on the environment.b. take part in foreign wildlife rescue.c. get to know why species get endangered.d. learn how living things affect each other.3. for a guided tou

8、r, what should visitors know?a. large groups are served first.b. it is available on weekdays.c. its time can change.d. booking is needed.【答案】1. c 2. d 3. c【解析】這是一篇應用文。主要介紹了一項去star生態(tài)站參觀的項目，介紹了其參觀項目和其他注意事項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中it carries out the mission “preservation through education” by educating visit

9、ors about the preservation of the environment and the inter-dependence of all living things.可知它執(zhí)行“通過教育保護”的使命，教育游客保護環(huán)境和所有生物的相互依賴。由此可知，star生態(tài)站的目標是提高野生動物保護意識。故選c?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中throughout the field trip, students learn about the latest developments in environmental protection and the ways in which w

10、ildlife interacts with various ecosystems.可知通過實地考察，學生了解環(huán)境保護的最新發(fā)展，以及野生動物與各種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)相互作用的方式。由此可知，學生在野外旅行中可以了解生物是如何相互影響的。故選d?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中the guided tour lasts approximately 45-60 minutes可知有導游的參觀時間大約45到60分鐘。由此可知，游客應該知道，有導游陪同的參觀，時間是變化的。故選c。baccording to his gofundme page, eddie maltsby jr. became blind

11、 when he was 11 due to sarcoidosis, a rare disease that affects many organs. however, maltsby has committed to bringing light to people in need by playing music on the streets of st. petersburg, florida, and donating what he can to them, wtsp reported.in addition to playing for the public, maltsby a

12、lso hosts a radio show on wrxb called “blind boy radio”. while on air, the musician gives away groceries, cash and other goods to grateful callers. to date, maltsby has donated $2,000, but his funds are running loweven with help from sponsors. thats why hes turning to the community for help.maltsby

13、has set up a gofundme campaign in the hope of collecting $25,000 to aid struggling people in the community.while maltsbys benevolent (慈善的) spirit is inspiring, its often the people with little to spare who demonstrate how easy it is to part with money.this past winter, for example, when dominique ha

14、rrison­bentzen, a british student, didnt have any way to get home, a homeless man gave her all the money he had$4.60for a taxi. she returned the favor by setting up a fundraiser for the kind man, which has since collected more than 32,000 british pounds (over $50,000)“i hope my campaign will he

15、lp people think a little more about the people around them,” harrison­bentzen told the mirror. “if people can see what i am doing then maybe they can take the time to just stop and talk to a homeless person, hear their story.”4. what can be learned about eddie maltsby jr.?a. he has collected $2

16、5,000.b. hes going to keep on giving.c. he was born with blindness.d. he plays music to earn a living.5. why does eddie maltsby jr. ask for help?a. the sponsorship has been cut off.b. he has difficulty making ends meet for his funds.c. he intends to spread his benevolent spirit.d. his family give no

17、 support to his campaign.6. which of the following words best describe eddie maltsby jr.?a. creative and determined.b. talented and friendly.c. cooperative and optimistic.d. helpful and generous.7. whats the purpose of dominique harrison­bentzens story?a. to get people involved in community ser

18、vice.b. to prove that giving is indeed important.c. to encourage people to share and give.d. to show the poor are more willing to give.【答案】4. b 5. b 6. d 7. d【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述eddie maltsby jr.因肉狀瘤病而失去視力，但他依舊賺錢幫助他人。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中的"and donating what he can to them和第二、三段的內容可知，他已經捐贈了很多錢物，并發(fā)起了go

19、fundme運動，希望能籌到25000美元來幫助他人，由此可推知，eddiemaltsby jr會繼續(xù)付出，幫助他人。故選b.【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中to date, maltsby has donated $2,000, but his funds are running loweven with help from sponsors. thats why hes turning to the community for help.（到目前為止，maltsby已經捐贈了2000美元，但他的資金正在減少即使有贊助商的幫助。這就是他向社區(qū)尋求幫助的原因。）可知，eddie malts

20、by jr.尋求幫助的原因是他的資金快花完了，即他很難維持收支平衡。故選b。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中maltsby has committed to bringing light to people in need （maltsby致力于為有需要的人帶來光明）和第二段中while on air, the musician gives away groceries, cash and other goods to grateful callers.（while on air, the musician gives away groceries, cash and other

21、 goods to grateful callers.）以及第四段中maltsbys benevolent (慈善的) spirit可知，eddie maltsby jr.既樂于助人又大方。故選d?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段中its often the people with little to spare who demonstrate how easy it is to part with money.（往往是那些沒有多余錢的人證明了花錢是多么容易。）和第五段所舉例子可知，作者用dominique harrisonbentzen的故事，表示窮人更愿意付出幫助別人。故選d。crese

22、archers have been investigating for years the ways in which screens affect the quality of a persons reading. the magazine scientific american reported that at least 100 studies have been published on the issue since the 1980s.virginia clinton carried out a research examination. she is a professor of

23、 education, health and behavior at the university of north dakota. she found what she called a “small but significant” difference in reading text from screen versus paper.clinton looked at 33 past studies that examined paper versus screen reading. all of the studies were done between 2008 and 2018.

24、the studies collectively had 2,799 study subjects, including both children and adults. clintons examination found that reading from paper generally led to better understanding and improved a persons performance on tests connected to the reading material. and, she found no major differences in readin

25、g speed between the two.clinton and other researchers have found screen readers often believe they understand a text better than they really do. and, they are more likely than paper readers to overestimate how well they would do on a test of the materials they have read.yet this overestimated sense

26、of understanding is especially common among screen readers. clinton said, “there are many possible reasons for such findings. overconfidence of reen readers, for example, could be the result of a distracted, less focused mind. readers preferences are also important. research shows the majority of pe

27、ople of all ages prefer reading from paper. if you are enjoying the reading process, youre going to be more involved. youre going to be paying better attention. preferences are a key issue here.”several studies have found that people often think of paper materials as something more important and ser

28、ious. “if you are reading from paper, your mind thinks this is something important. i need to pay attention to it,” clinton said.8. how did clinton find the so-called difference?a. by doing many surveys.b. by doing 2,799 research.c. by analyzing research findings.d. by publishing texts on a magazine

29、.9 what benefit does reading from paper bring to readers?a. higher reading speed.b. better reading efficiency.c. stronger reading interest.d. happier reading experiences.10. how will screen readers feel after finishing reading?a. empty-headed.b. anxiety-riddenc. energetic.d. overconfident.11. which

30、aspect of reading will readers preferences have an effect on?a. the concentration.b. the duration.c. the material.d. the method.【答案】8. c 9. b 10. d 11. a【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了弗吉尼亞·克林頓進行了一項研究調查發(fā)現(xiàn)與屏幕閱讀者相比，紙上閱讀通常能讓人更好地理解和帶來提高的閱讀效率。且與紙上閱讀相比，屏幕閱讀者往往更有可能高估自己在閱讀材料測試中的表現(xiàn)，同時克林頓分析了產生這一現(xiàn)象的諸多原因?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解

31、題。根據第三段中clinton looked at 33 past studies that examined paper versus screen reading. all of the studies were done between 2008 and 2018. the studies collectively had 2,799 study subjects, including both children and adults. clintons examination found that reading from paper generally led to better u

32、nderstanding and improved a persons performance on tests connected to the reading material.（克林頓研究了過去33項關于紙張和屏幕閱讀的研究。所有的研究都是在2008年到2018年之間進行的。這些研究共有2799名研究對象，包括兒童和成人?？肆诸D的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，從紙上閱讀通常能讓人更好地理解和提高一個人在與閱讀材料相關的測試中的表現(xiàn)。）可知克林頓通過分析研究結果發(fā)現(xiàn)了所謂的差異。故選c?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段clintons examination found that reading from

33、paper generally led to better understanding and improved a persons performance on tests connected to the reading material.（克林頓的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，從紙上閱讀通常能讓人更好地理解和提高一個人在與閱讀材料相關的測試中的表現(xiàn)。）可知從紙上閱讀能給讀者帶來更好的閱讀效率。故選b?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第三段最后一句and, they are more likely than paper readers to overestimate how well they would

34、do on a test of the materials they have read.（而且，與紙質讀者相比，他們更有可能高估自己在閱讀材料測試中的表現(xiàn)。）以及倒數第二段第一句yet, this overestimated sense of understanding is especially common among screen readers.（然而，這種被高估的理解感在屏幕閱讀者中尤其普遍。）可知屏幕閱讀者讀完后會感到過于自信。故選d?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段中youre going to be paying better attention. preferenc

35、es are a key issue here.（你的注意力會更集中。偏好是一個關鍵問題。）可知讀者的偏好會影響閱讀的專心程度。故選a?！军c睛】細節(jié)理解題解題方法細節(jié)理解題屬直接解答性問題，是閱讀理解題中最簡單的一種，多數屬中低難度的題。但高考所占的比例大，應特別引起注意。事實和細節(jié)題的命題特點是：對文章或某一段落中的一些特定細節(jié)或文章重要事實的理解，一般包括直接理解題和語義轉化題。直接理解題能在原文直接找到答案，而語義轉化題則需要將題目信息與原文信息加工或整理后才能得出結論。做細節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。經常有新技術對將來人們工作和生活不良影響的

36、預測，但事實證明結果并不是那樣，我們有必要否定預測，以減少人們的恐懼。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫作的組織模式及有關的信息詞。如for example, first, second等預測應該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實。3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細節(jié)上?？焖偻ㄆx，全文掃視，找到細節(jié)出處，待找到含細節(jié)句子時，放慢速度，仔細核對比較內容，直至找到答案。如第四小題，根據倒數第二段中youre going to be paying better attention. preferences are a key issue here.（你的注意力會更集中。偏好是一個關鍵問題。）可知讀者的偏好會影響閱讀的

37、專心程度。故選a。dlove the way you walklisten carefully to the footsteps, and you can work out who is walking about. the features commonly used to identify people are faces and fingerprints. but the way they walk is also a giveaway.researchers have used video cameras and computers to analyze peoples gaits (

38、步法). but translating such knowledge into a practical identification system can be tricky. cameras are often visible, require good lighting and may have their view blocked by other people. a team led by dr. ozanyan and dr. scully have been looking for a better way to recognize gait. their answer: pre

39、ssure-sensitive mats.such mats are nothing new. they have been part of security systems. but ozanyan and scully use a complicated version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across it. the researchers turned to an artificial-intelligence system to reco

40、gnize such patterns. in a study in 2018, they tested the system on a database of footsteps of 127 people. they found its error rate in identifying who was who was a mere 0.7%. and scully says even without a database of footsteps, the system can determine someones sex and a subjects age.one applicati

41、on of the mat-based gait-recognition system might be in health care, particularly for the elderly. a mat placed in a nursing home or an old persons own residence could monitor changes in an individuals gait that indicates certain illnesses. that would provide early warning of someone being at greate

42、r risk of falling over. gait analysis might also be used as a security measure in the workplace, monitoring access to restricted areas, such as parts of military bases, server farms or laboratories dealing with dangerous materials. perhaps the most interesting use of the mats, though, would be in pu

43、blic places, such as airports.12. what is mainly talked about in paragraph 2?a. research equipment.b. research findings.c. research assumption.d. research background.13. what is the mat used for?a. collecting data.b. ensuring safety.c. determining age.d. analyzing pressure.14. what might the gait-re

44、cognition system be applied to?a monitoring security work progress.b. detecting potential health problems.c. keeping track of travelling frequency.d. warning passengers of possible dangers.15. what is the main purpose of the passage?a. compare and educate.b. examine and assess.c. discuss and persuad

45、e.d. explain and inform.【答案】12. d 13. a 14. b 15. d【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了什么是pressure-sensitive mats（壓力敏感墊）和它的原理，并告訴我們gait-recognition system（步法識別系統(tǒng)）在生活中的用途。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第二段關鍵句“researchers have used video cameras and computers to analyze peoples gaits (步法). but translating such knowledge into a practica

46、l identification system can be tricky.”可知，研究人員使用攝像機和電腦去分析人們的步法。但將這些知識轉化成一個實用的識別系統(tǒng)可能很棘手。再根據第二段關鍵句“a team led by dr. ozanyan and dr. scully have been looking for a better way to recognize gait. their answer: pressure-sensitive mats.”可知，在這種情況下，dr. ozanyan和dr. scully領導的團隊一直在尋找更好的識別步法的方法，他們找到的方法是：pressur

47、e-sensitive mats（壓力敏感墊）。由此可推斷出，第二段主要講的是壓力敏感墊的研究背景，是為了更好的識別步法。故選d項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段關鍵句“such mats are nothing new. they have been part of security systems. but ozanyan and scully use a complicated version that can record the amount of pressure applied in different places as someone walks across it.”

48、可知，ozanyan 和 scully使用了這個墊子的復雜的版本，可以記錄當人們走過時施加在不同地方的壓力。由此可推斷出，他們使用這個墊子的目的是為了收集人們走過時產生的壓力的數據的。故選a項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段關鍵句“one application of the mat-based gait-recognition system might be in health care, particularly for the elderly.”和“that would provide early warning of someone being at greater risk

49、of falling over.”可知，步法識別系統(tǒng)的一個應用可能是在醫(yī)療保健領域，尤其是對老年人來說。它將為面臨更大跌倒風險的人提供早期預警。由此可推斷出，步法識別系統(tǒng)可應用于檢查潛在的健康問題。故選b項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。瀏覽全文，根據文章內容可知，文章的第二段和第三段在向我們解釋什么是pressure-sensitive mats（壓力敏感墊）以及它的操作原理。根據文章第四段關鍵句“one application of the mat-based gait-recognition system might be in health care, particularly for t

50、he elderly.”可知，文章在告訴我們壓力敏感墊依據的步法識別系統(tǒng)在我們的生活中有什么用途。由此可推斷出，文章的主要目的是解釋壓力敏感墊并告知步法識別系統(tǒng)的用途。explain and inform意為“解釋和告知”，符合句意。故選d項。第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。what does wi-fi stand for?long gone are the days of dial-up and waiting for your turn to use the computer. its

51、easier than ever to connect to the internet in the digital world today. _16_wi-fi is a wireless network that uses radio frequency signals to connect to the internet or send messages between devices without wires. everything from your phone and laptop to tablets and printers can use wi-fi, thanks to

52、these waves. _17_ two years later, a group of companies formed the wireless ethernet compatibility alliance (weca, now the wi-fi alliance), a global non-profit organization created to promote the new wi-fi standard.none of that history explains what wi-fi stands for, because the phrase doesnt stand

53、for anything. wi-fi is a trademarked term describing the device or technology based on the institute of electrical and electronics engineers (ieee) wireless communication standard 802.11, according to the wi-fi alliance._18_ so the wi-fi alliance hired the marketing company interbrand to come up wit

54、h a shorter name: wi-fi, according to one of the founding alliance members._19_ the rumor that it stands for “wireless fidelity (無線保證)” is thanks to the alliance. some members didnt understand the branding or marketing for wi-fi. they felt consumers would want an explanation for the name. so the all

55、iance agreed to include a tagline: the standard for wireless fidelity. thats why so many people assume wi-fi stands for wireless fidelity, but the tagline came after the name._20_ dont add to the confusion and stop miss-associating these phrases by learning the real meaning behind these acronyms (縮略

56、詞).a. thats a mouthful.b. this is mostly thanks to wi-fi.c. the name caused a misconception about wi-fi.d. there is some debate surrounding the question what wi-fi stands for.e. in 1997, a committee of industry leaders approved a common wi-fi standard.f. several years ago, a common standard of wi-fi

57、 was set up by several companies.g. plus, the alliance removed the tag, although the confusion it brought still lives on today.【答案】16. b 17. e 18. a 19. d 20. g【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了wi-fi的歷史，wi-fi這個名字的由來以及就這個名字背后所代表的含義引發(fā)的一些爭議?！?6題詳解】根據上文long gone are the days of dial-up and waiting for your turn to use t

58、he computer. its easier than ever to connect to the internet in the digital world today.（撥號和等待輪到你使用電腦的日子已經一去不復返了。在當今的數字世界，連接互聯(lián)網比以往任何時候都容易。）以及下文wi-fi is a wireless network that uses radio frequency signals to connect to the internet or send messages between devices without wires.（wi-fi是一種無線網絡，它利用無線頻率信號連接到互聯(lián)網或在無線設備之間發(fā)送信息。）可知是在說明wi-fi帶給人們的便利，連接互聯(lián)網比以前更容易應歸功于wi-fi。故b選項“這主要歸功于wi-fi?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選b?！?7題詳解】根據下文two years later, a group