八年級下英語期中復(fù)習(xí)：知識點講義(unit1-unit5)

1、Unitl : What' s the matter?一.語法重點1 .情態(tài)動詞should的用法2 .反身代詞二.作文話題：談?wù)摻】?三.重要詞匯句型1. have a +疾病名詞(得了 病)2. 詢問病人病情的句型(也可用于發(fā)生了什么事)What ' s wrong?What ' s wrong with you?What ' s your trouble?What ' s the trouble with you?What ' s wrong?3.lie v. 躺；位于,平放lie-lay-lain-lyi ngShe should lie

2、 down.lie v. 說謊lie-lied-lied-ly ingShe lied again.lay v.放置，產(chǎn)卵lay-laid-laid-la yingThe hen is laying an egg.4. If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句(主將從現(xiàn))5. surprise : (1)surprise sb.嚇至U某人(2)be surprised at對 感至U吃(3)be surprised to do sth.做某事令人感到吃驚(4)in surprise 驚奇地6. agree ： (1)agree to do sth.同意做某事(2)agree with sb.同意某人(3)agr

3、ee on sth.雙方就某事達(dá)成一致(4)agree that+that從句 同意7. trouble : (1)get into trouble 陷入困境(2)be in trouble處于困境(3)get sb. into trouble使某人陷入困境(4)have trouble with sth.在某事方面有困難(5)have trouble (in) doing sth.在做某事方面有困難8. use(1)be/get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事(2)used to do sth.過去常常做某事(3) sth. be used to do某物被用來做(表被動關(guān)

4、系) (4)sth. be used for doing sth.某物用于/被用于做某事(強(qiáng)調(diào)用途)9. take a risk/take risks 冒險at risk在危險中at the risk of doing sth.冒生命危險做某事10. run out (花光：物作主語) run out of(人作主語)=use up11. mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth.意味著做某事12. important(adj.)-unimportant(adj.不重要的)-importance(n.)13. be in control of 掌管，控制14.

5、cut 詞組： 1. cut out 刪除；刪去2. cut up 切碎 3. cut off 切掉；停止4. cut down 砍到；降低5. cut in 插嘴；超車；插隊Unit2: I ll help to clean up the city parks.一語法重點1. 動詞不定式2. 動詞短語二作文話題：提供幫助，義務(wù)活動三重要詞匯句型1. volunteer ： v. 自愿(做某事)volunteer to do sth. volunteer for sth.n. 志愿者adj.志愿的；自愿的a volunteer job2. 疑問詞+動詞不定式=賓語從句I really can

6、t decide where I should go.=I really can t decide where to go.3. such+a(n) +形容詞+名詞=so+形容詞+a(n)+名詞She is such a beautiful girl.=She is so beautiful a girl.4. satisfaction(n. 滿 意)-satisfy(v.使 滿 意)-satisfied(adj.滿 意的 )-satisfying(令人滿意的)to one s satisfaction 使 /令某人滿意/滿足 be satisfied with 對 感到滿意be satisf

7、ied to do sth. 對做某事感到滿意5. raise.for.為 . 籌集 .6. look like 外表上看起來像take after 指因血緣關(guān)系在性格，性格，行為上相像7. make/think/find/believe/feel it + 形容詞 +to do sth. 使 /覺得 / 發(fā)現(xiàn) / 相信 / 感覺做某事 產(chǎn)生影響8. make a difference to 對9. imagine: (1)imagine doing sth.(2)imagine sb. to do sth.(3)imagine that/what想象做某事想象某人做某事10. train:

8、v. 訓(xùn)練 n.(1)train sb./sth. to do sth.(2)train sb. in sth.火車想象 training n.訓(xùn)練某人 / 某物去做某事在某方面訓(xùn)練/ 培養(yǎng)某人訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn)11. understand=follow=catch 理解；聽懂 understanding adj. 善解人意的；體諒人的12. change v. 改變；變化change one s life o.n. 零錢（不可數(shù)名詞）改變（可數(shù)名詞changes）13. 短語：cheer up （使）變得高興；振奮起來give out 分發(fā)；散發(fā)come up with 想出；提

9、出put off 推遲hand out 分發(fā)call up 打電話給某人；征召care for 照顧；非常喜歡try out 參加 選拔；試用fix up 修理；裝飾give away 贈送；捐贈take after （外貌或行為）像Unit3 ： Could you please clean your room?一語法重點1. 情態(tài)動詞could 用法（請求和征求許可）二作文話題：對某事某物的看法（議論文）三重要詞匯句型2. in a mess 亂糟糟；一團(tuán)糟make a mess of （doing） sth. 把 （ 做 ） 某事搞得一團(tuán)糟3. so + 助動詞 / 系動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞

10、+主語（ 也 ）neither 助動詞 /系動詞 /情態(tài)動詞+主語（ 也不 ）He will go to Hangzhou for a holiday tomorrow. So will I.4. pass v. 經(jīng)過；穿過pass the supermarket通過（考試；會議）；合格或者及格pass the final exam（時間的）過去，流逝A year passed quickly.5. borrow sth. borrow sth. from sb.（借進(jìn)：說話人向別人借東西）lend sb. sth. lend sth. to sb.（借出：說話人把自己的東西借給別人keep

11、“借”或“保留”多長時間，與一段時間連用6. make： （1）make sb. do sth. I made my mother laugh.（2）make+ 賓語+形容詞（賓語補(bǔ)足語）I made my mother sad.7. waste: a waste of浪費 a waste of moneywaste sth. 浪費某物waste sth. in doing sth.浪費 做某事8. provide 提供；供應(yīng)provide sb. with sth.= provide sth for sb.supply sb. with sth.=supply sb. with sth.of

12、fer sb. sth=offer to do sth.9. develop（v. 發(fā) 展）-developed（adj.發(fā) 達(dá) 的）-developing（adj.發(fā) 展 中的 ）-development（n.發(fā)展）develop one s interest in 培養(yǎng)某人對 的興趣10. drop 與 fall 落下；掉下；降下（作不及物動詞時，一般可互換）drop 還可作及物動詞，而fall 不可11. 短語：depend on 依靠；依賴take care of 照顧；處理Unit4: Why don t you talk to your parents?一語法重點1. 提建議和回答

13、提建議的表達(dá)方式2. until, so that 及although引導(dǎo)的狀語從句.作文話題：就某一現(xiàn)象提建議三.重點詞匯句型1. allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事allow doing sth. 允許做某事2. find sb. doing sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事 find sb. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做了某事3. get on （well/badly）with sb. 與某人相處的好 / 壞4. argue with sb. about sth. 為某事與某人爭論5. instead 與 instead ofinstead :代替；相反副詞，通常放在旬

14、首或旬 末，表示前面的事情沒有 做，而做了后面的事He didn't answer; instead, he asked his father.instead of :代替;而不 是介詞短語，后面可跟與前 面的并列成分相對應(yīng)的 名詞、代詞、動名詞形式Y(jié)ou should be working instead of lying in bed.6. 特殊疑問詞+ever=no matter+ 特殊疑問詞 however=no matter how7. offer to do sth.主動提出做某事 offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.給某人提供某8. commu

15、nicate with sb. 與某人溝通，交流 communicate sth. to sb. 把 通知/傳達(dá)給某人9. return sb. sth= return sth. to sb.=give back10. not .any more （不再）=no more not.any longer=no longer （不再）11. put pressure on sb.向某人施壓12. compete with/against sb.和某人競爭13. continue/go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做同一件事continue/go on to do sth.繼續(xù)做某事（不是同一件事

16、）14. compare A with B 把A與B做對比/比較（用來比較相似事物的不同點）compare A to B把A比作B （用來比較不同事物間的相同點）16 . cause sb. to do sth.促使某人做某事cause sth. （to/for sb.）（給某人）帶來17 .詞組：look through 快速查看；瀏覽work out成功的發(fā)展；解決get on with 和睦相處；關(guān)系良好cut out刪除；刪去compare.with 比較； 對比Unit5: What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一.語法重點1 .過去

17、進(jìn)行時2 . when與while的區(qū)別二.作文話題：描述過去發(fā)生的某件事三.重點詞匯句型1. light: 1） n.光；光線（不可數(shù)名詞）2 ） n.電燈；光源（可數(shù)名詞）3 ） adj.輕的；淺色的4 ） v.點燃；照亮 light-lighted/lit-light/lit2. report v. 報告 n. 報告 reporter n. 記者3. wood n.木頭；木（不可數(shù)名詞）小樹林（可數(shù)名詞，常用復(fù)數(shù)）wooden adj. 木制的4. beat 1）v. 擊打2）心臟等跳動3）打??；戰(zhàn)勝（后接人或由人組成的隊）5. against 1） 反對 for 支持 We are against war and for peace.2） 靠著， 倚著 The boy stood against the door.6. rise 與 raiserise增加；提高；增強(qiáng)；上 升；升起/、及物動詞，主語常為 物The river rose after the heavy rain.raise使升起來；提高；舉起及物動詞，主語常為人He raised his hands.7