上海牛津版7上unit 1基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)以及語法點(diǎn)梳理

1、課 題Unit1 Relatives in Beijing基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)以及語法點(diǎn)梳理教學(xué)目的1 使學(xué)生能夠很好地掌握unit1中的基礎(chǔ)詞匯以及相關(guān)的變形；2講解本課一些重點(diǎn)句型和形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)，使學(xué)生在鞏固的同時(shí)能夠向中考考點(diǎn)拓展。教學(xué)內(nèi)容Step1: Greetings & Free talk How are you today? Is there something interesting or important this week? What have you learned in your school? (詢問學(xué)校課程進(jìn)度)Step2: Lead in English

2、jokes TOM'S EXCUSETeacher: Tom,why are you late for school everyday？Tom: Every time I come to the corner, a sign says, “School-Go Slow".Step3: Key Words 1. invite in'vait v. 邀請(qǐng) 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】invitation .invi'tein n. 邀請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)柬 Ive invited the Smiths to visit us next Friday. 我已經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)史密斯一家下周五來家玩。 中考詞

3、性轉(zhuǎn)換鏈接：invitation invite inviting invitingly 2. expensive iks'pensiv adj. 昂貴的 【近義】dear adj. 貴的 【反義】cheap adj. 便宜的 I think international calls are very expensive. 我認(rèn)為國際電話費(fèi)用很高。 3. talk to sb. 與某人談話 = talk with sb. He stopped to talk to me when seeing me. 看到我的時(shí)候，他停下來和我說話4. brochure 'bru n. 資料手冊(cè)

4、Ill send you the brochure right away. 我會(huì)馬上把資料手冊(cè)給您寄去。5. agent 'eidnt n. 代理人；經(jīng)紀(jì)人 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】agency 'eidnsi n. 代理處 6. soon su:n adv. 不久；很快；馬上 She will be back soon. 他馬上就會(huì)回來。7. at the end of (August) 在（八月）底 【提示】at the end of本意為“在末端”，用于表示時(shí)間、空間中臨近結(jié)束的意思。 【反義】at the beginning of 在的起點(diǎn) There is a post offi

5、ce at the end of the street. 街道的盡頭有一家郵局。（表示空間概念） We finally graduated at the end of June. 我們終于在六月底畢業(yè)了。（表示時(shí)間概念）8. swan swn n. 天鵝 This love story is about a swan prince and a swan princess. 這個(gè)愛情故事是關(guān)于一個(gè)天鵝王子和一個(gè)天鵝公主的9. raise reiz v. 提升；舉起 He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂舉過頭頂。中考考點(diǎn)鏈接：1)此處raise意為“提起，

6、舉起”，與lift相近。raise還可以解釋為“飼養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)”。 【短語】raise children撫養(yǎng)孩子 raise ones hand舉手 raise questions提出問題 raise money for the homeless animals 為無家可歸的動(dòng)物籌款 raise a laugh引起笑聲2)注意raise和rise的區(qū)別：raise是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“舉起；升起”，rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后不接賓語，意為“升起；上升”。 After a heavy rain，the river rose two feet大雨之后，河水上漲了2英尺。10. national '

7、nænl adj. 國家的 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】nationality .næ'næliti n. 國籍 international .int'nænl adj. 國際的 nation 'nein n. 國家 The national news comes after the international news. 國內(nèi)新聞在國際新聞之后報(bào)道。 11. brick brik n. 磚 The wall is built of brick and stone. 這堵墻是磚石砌成的。12. stone stun n. 石頭；石料；巖石 Thi

8、s is a stone building. 這是一座石料建筑物。13. mountain 'mauntin n. 高山；山岳 Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗瑪峰是世界上最高的山峰。14. ancient 'einnt adj. 古老的 Have ever read about ancient Rome? 你讀過關(guān)于古羅馬的故事嗎？15. history 'histri n. 歷史 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】historical his'trikl adj. 歷史的 History is my favo

9、urite subject at school. 歷史是我在學(xué)校中最喜愛的學(xué)科。中考鏈接：history historical historic 16. interest 'intrist n. 吸引力；趣味 【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】interest v. 使感興趣 interested adj. 感興趣的；有興趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的 I find no interest in such things. 我對(duì)這些不敢興趣。17 holiday 'hldei n. 歷史We really enjoyed our holiday. 我們的假期玩得很開心。18. wond

10、erful 'wndful adj. 精彩的；令人高興的 中考考點(diǎn)鏈接：【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】wonder v. 想知道 n. 奇跡 wonderfully adv. 精彩地，美好地After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire. 一頓美餐之后，他們就圍著營火講故事、唱歌。19. another 'nð pron. 另一（事物或人） 【比較】one.the other.與one.another.：前者表示只有兩樣?xùn)|西，除了一個(gè)，就是另一個(gè)，所指的東西確定。后者表示所存在的物體多于兩

11、個(gè)，所指的東西不確定。試比較：Theres not a thing in his left hand. What about the other? 他左手什么東西也沒有。另一只手呢？（一共就兩只手，除了一只就是另一只） This jacket doesnt fit me well. Show me another, please. 這件夾克不適合我。再拿一種給我看看。（商店里的服裝不止一件，試完一件，再試剩下的好多件中的一件） 小試牛刀：用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Mr. and Mrs. Li are at the travel office to ask for some informatio

12、n for their trip to Beijing. (agency)2. If you go to the Palace Museum, you will see many ancient_ (.build)3. We are very_ about our trip to Thailand. (excite)4. The summer holiday is coming. I will_my cousins to visit Shanghai. (invitation)5. Look, therere a lot of _in the Summer Place. (visit)6. I

13、 _ what you really wanted to do with the thief. (wonderful) 7As we all know, the Great Wall is one of the _ in the world. (wonderful)【Keys】 1. agents 2.buildings 3.excited 4.invite 5.visitors 6. wonder 7. wondersStep4: Key sentence structure1. Lets talk to Mum and Kitty. 我們跟媽媽還有基蒂談?wù)劙桑?talk to意為“與交談”

14、。我們通常用talk to sb.或talk with sb.來表示“與交談”的含義。 They taught the little boy not to talk to strangers. 他們教育小男孩不要和陌生人說話。2. Im going to get some brochures from the travel agent. 我打算到旅行社代理人那里拿些小冊(cè)子。 本例中，get.from.意為“從處得到”。 I get my pocket money of 200 yuan every month from my mother. 我每個(gè)月可以從媽媽那兒拿到200元零用錢。3. Ye

15、s, wed like to travel to Beijing by plane. 是的，我們想坐飛機(jī)去北京。 would like to do sth. 意為“想要做某事”，相當(dāng)于want to do sth. 如： Id like to have a swim in the sea. 我想去海里游泳。（= I want to have a swim in the sea.） travel to.意為“到旅游”，相當(dāng)于have a trip to.。 如：We will travel to Hainan Island this summer. 這個(gè)夏天我們將去海南島旅游。（相當(dāng)于We wi

16、ll have a trip to Hainan Island this summer.）4. How much does it cost? 這要多少錢？ how much引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句用來詢問“（價(jià)格）多少”。如： How much does this pen cost? 這支鋼筆多少錢？ 中考考點(diǎn)拓展：cost pay take spend 用法辨析 1）sb. spend +時(shí)間或錢+ on sth ./ (in) doing sth. He is a rich man. He spend 10,000 yuan on that vase last week. 他很有錢，上周他花了一萬

17、元買了個(gè)花瓶。 I spent much time playing computer games我花許多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲。2)sthcost sb+錢 The Chinese-English dictionary cost me 20 dollars這本漢英詞典花了我20美元。3)sbpay+錢+for+sth He paid 100 yuan for his puppy他花了100元買了只小狗。 4)sbbuy sthfor+錢 They bought 2 bottles of beer for 35 dollars他們花了35美元買了兩瓶啤酒。5. The Li family has arr

18、ived in Beijing. 李先生一家到達(dá)了北京。 the Li family指“李先生一家”。本例中的family為單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)“一家人；家庭”。而有時(shí)family也可以表示“家庭成員”，此時(shí)它是一個(gè)集合名詞，視作復(fù)數(shù)。試比較： His family are all waiting for him. 他的家人都在等他。（指家人） My family is large. 我的家是一個(gè)大家庭。（指家庭） 中考考點(diǎn)拓展：集合名詞表示一群人或一些事物的總稱。如：class, family, group, people, army, team, police. arrive in意為“到達(dá)”。要注

19、意與arrive at的區(qū)別。一般來說，arrive in后常跟國家、城鎮(zhèn)等地名，arrive at后常根跟學(xué)校、機(jī)場(chǎng)、工廠等表示場(chǎng)所或地方的詞。試比較：Flight number BA 4793 will arrive in London at 16：50. 英國航空公司4793號(hào)班機(jī)將于16時(shí)50分抵達(dá)倫敦。 You must arrive at the airport two hours before the departure time. 你必須在飛機(jī)起飛前兩小時(shí)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)。6. It is in the north-west of Beijing. 它（指頤和園）位于北京的西北部。 i

20、n the north-west是“在西北部”的意思。要注意“in the + 方位詞 + of”與“方位詞 + of”的區(qū)別。試比較：Japan is east of China. 日本位于中國的東面。（日本與中國是“相離”的位置關(guān)系） Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海位于中國的東部。 （中國與上海市“包含”與“被包含”的位置關(guān)系）7. Tourists can see swans swimming on the lake. 游客們可以見到天鵝在湖面上游泳。 see sb./sth. doing sth.是“看到正在做某事”的意思。 要注意“see s

21、b./sth. do sth.”與“see sb./sth. doing sth.”的區(qū)別。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)看到了動(dòng)作的整個(gè)過程，而后者強(qiáng)調(diào)看到了動(dòng)作的一個(gè)片段。試比較： I saw them playing football when I passed the playground. 走過操場(chǎng)的時(shí)候，我看到他們正在踢足球。（強(qiáng)調(diào)在過操場(chǎng)的那個(gè)時(shí)刻所看到的東西） I saw them play football all afternoon yesterday. 昨天我看到他們踢了一下午足球。8. People built it a long time ago with bricks and stone

22、. 很久以前人們用磚和石頭建造了它（指長(zhǎng)城）。 with在本例中是“用”的意思，后面常常加“工具”。1）with的常見含義：a) 和一起；b) 有；擁有；帶有；c) 用；使用。 2)with的其他用法有： ·用，以(表示使用的工具、材料等) He cut the meat with a knife他用刀切肉。 ·和一起，同，跟 Youd better discuss it with them你最好和他們一起討論一下。 ·對(duì)(常與表示情感的形容詞連用) My father was angry with me我父親對(duì)我很生氣。 Youll have to be pat

23、ient with your pupils你對(duì)學(xué)生必須耐心。 ·因?yàn)椋捎贛y grandma was down with flu我的祖母由于流感而病倒了。9. It can hold more than one million people. 它（指天安門廣場(chǎng)）可以容納一百多萬人。 1)此處hold意為“容納，裝得下”。hold還可以解釋為“拿住，握住，抓住”。 How much water does the jug hold? 這個(gè)壺可以盛多少水? People hold their hats and coats tightly in the street on a windy

24、day在刮風(fēng)的日子里，街上的人緊緊地抓住自己的帽子和外衣。 2)more than意為“多于”，相當(dāng)于over。【反義】less than少于10. The children are planning to visit different places of interest in Beijing. 孩子們正打算參觀北京不同地方的名勝景點(diǎn)。 plan to do sth. 是“打算做”的意思。 a place of interest是“名勝景點(diǎn)”的意思。11. She is writing a letter to her cousin, Lucy. 她（基蒂）正在給她的堂妹露西寫信。 writ

25、e a letter to sb.是“給寫信”的意思。我們可以簡(jiǎn)單地說成write to sb. 如：Ill write to you again, Laura. 勞拉，我還會(huì)再給你寫信的。 反義：hear from sb 收到某人的來信12. Ben and I had a wonderful time in Beijing. 我和本在北京玩得很開心。 have a wonderful time與have a very good time以及enjoy oneself意思相近，都表示“玩得很高興；過得很愉快”。如：Did you have a good time/enjoy yourself

26、 last week in Beijing? 上個(gè)星期你在北京玩得開心嗎？活學(xué)活用：Read and choose the best answer.1. My parents are going to visit the Summer Palace _ 2nd October. A. at B. in C. by D. on 2. My new bedroom is _ than the old one. A. big B. much bigger C. more big D. more bigger 3. Kitty is talking _ Ben _ their trip to Beij

27、ing. A. with; for B. to; about C. to; with D. with; of 4. My grandparents_ in the countryside for about sixty years. A. lives B. lived C. live D. have lived 解析：答案選D。后面帶了表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。5. _ does it take to travel from your hometown to Shanghai by train? A. How long B. How much C. How often D. Ho

28、w far6. On my way to school, I saw a street sweeper _ the rubbish carefully. A. collect B. collected C. collecting D. to collect 解析：答案選C。此處只能用see sb doing sth, 不能用see sb do sth . 前者強(qiáng)調(diào)看到了動(dòng)作的一個(gè)片段，而后者強(qiáng)調(diào)看到了動(dòng)作的整個(gè)過程，題目中交代了具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。7. He has _ home. A. come to B. come back C. went D. went back 8. We havent h

29、eard form them _ last month. A. since B. by the end of C. for D. until 解析：答案選A。since 帶過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)，句子時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。9. How long have you _ there? About four years. A. come B. gone C. left D. worked 解析：答案選D?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子后面帶了一段時(shí)間時(shí)，只能用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。10. Thank you _ us to visit you . A. to invite B. inviting C. invited D. for inv

30、iting 11. How much does this house _? A. spend B. take C. pay D. cost 解析：答案選D。1）sb. spend +時(shí)間或錢+ on sth ./ (in) doing sth. 2)sthcost sb+錢3)sbpay+錢+for+sth 4)sbbuy sthfor+錢12. Would you like _ cup of coffee? A. another B. other C. others D. the other 【Keys】1-5 DBBDA 6-10 CBADD 11-12. DAStep 5: Gramma

31、r1. 形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)以及最高級(jí)：規(guī)則變化（1）一般情況下，單音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)的形容詞（或副詞）比較級(jí)er ， 最高級(jí)est clevercleverercleverest , fewfewerfewest , smallsmallersmallest等（2）以e結(jié)尾的詞，比較級(jí)r，最高級(jí)st即可 nicenicernicest, cutecutercutest, largelargerlargest（3）以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的變y為ier或est easyeasiereasiest, happyhappierhappiest, 再如：early , busy , heavy , dirty ,

32、 lazy . 也如此（4）重讀閉音節(jié)的詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加er或est構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。 fatfatterfattest, thinthinnerthinnest, hothotterhottest, redredderreddest wetwetterwettest, bigbiggerbiggest（5）以ful 結(jié)尾的形容詞，在原級(jí)前加上more或most 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)。 helpful-more helpfulmost helpful usefulmore usefulmost useful carefulmore careful the most careful

33、(6) 多音節(jié)的形容詞和副詞，在原級(jí)前加上more 或most 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。 beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful , delicious , popular , important , interesting , expensive 等.少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞也是這樣, 如：pleasedmore pleased the most pleased ; tiredmore tried the most tired不規(guī)則變化： 原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)many/ muchmoremostgood/ wellbetterbestbad/ ill/ badly

34、worseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther/ furtherfarthest/ furthestoldolder/ elderoldest/ eldest 注意：1）farther, further 都可以表示距離，時(shí)間上的“更遠(yuǎn)”，但是表示“更進(jìn)一步”時(shí)只能用further. Wed better get further information. 我們最好能得到更進(jìn)一步的信息。 2) older, oldest 用于比較年齡的大小。older ,eldest 用于表示家庭成員間的長(zhǎng)幼關(guān)系。 Hes older than I .他比我年齡大。 Li Qiang is

35、 my elder brother. 李強(qiáng)是我的哥哥。2形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法：1)同級(jí)比較：as+形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+as A 與B 一樣 He speaks English as well as an American. 他英語說得和美國人一樣好。2）not as / so + 形容詞或副詞原級(jí) + as A 不及 B There is not as / so much snow here as in Tianjing. 這兒下雪不如天津多。3）形容詞或副詞比較級(jí) + than A 比 B This dress is more expensive than that one. 這條

36、裙子比那條貴。4）比較級(jí) + and +比較級(jí) 越來越。 Winter is coming. Its getting colder and colder. 冬天來了，天氣越來越冷了。 Our city will become more and more beautiful. 我們的城市將變得越來越美麗。5）the +形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)+比較范圍（三者或三者以上）最。 His horse runs (the) most slowly of the three horses. 這三匹馬中他的馬跑得最慢。6）one of + the +形容詞最高級(jí)+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ 比較范圍 最。之一 The Nil

37、e is one of the longest rivers in the world. 尼羅河是世界上最長(zhǎng)的河之一。7) the + adj. / adv （比較級(jí)）+ of +n. 表示“兩者中較。的” She is the prettier of the two sisters. 她是兩姐妹中較漂亮的一個(gè)。 This rope is the longer of the two. 這條繩子是這兩條中較長(zhǎng)的一條。3比較程度的表示： 1)某些副詞和短語常用在形容詞或副詞比較級(jí)前表示比較的程度，如：much，even，still，far, a littile，a lot,a bit等。 She

38、felt ill yesterday. And she got even worse today. 她昨天病了，今天情況更差。 2)表示度量的詞組也可以用來表示比較程度。 He is only a year older than I他只比我大一歲。 3)序數(shù)詞常用在形容詞最高級(jí)前表示程度。China is the third largest country in the world. 中國是世界上第三大的國家。4比較級(jí)中應(yīng)該注意的問題： 1)只有同類事物才能進(jìn)行比較。His car is better than mine. 他的車比我的好。The books in our library ar

39、e more than those in yours. 我們圖書館里的書比你們的多。（比你們學(xué)校圖書館里的書多） 2)被比較的事物中不能包括本身。Dick rans faster than any other student in his class迪克跑得比班上任何一個(gè)學(xué)生快。(迪克是班上學(xué)生之一)還可以說：Dick runs faster than any of the other students in his class. (中國在歐洲之外) Linda plays basketball better than any boy in her class. 琳達(dá)籃球打得比班上任何一個(gè)男孩

40、好。(琳達(dá)是女孩)【活學(xué)活用】1) 選出正確的答案1. This pencil is _ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long2. I think science is _ than language. What do you think? A. important B. more important C. much important D. most important3. Who jumped _ of the two boys? A. higher B. high C. more high D. highest【Ke

41、ys】 1. C 2. B 3. A2) 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Simon is _(good) at English than Amy.2. The blue car is _(expensive) of all.3. She is _(busy) in my family.4. I think hiking is _(interesting) than diving.5. He works _(hard) than I do.【Keys】1. better 2. the most expensive 3. the busiest 4. more interesting 5. hard

42、er 3) 完成句子1.我比他高。 I am _ _ he.2.這朵花比那朵花美。 This flower is _ _ _that one. 3.他是所有人當(dāng)中做得最差的。 He did _ _of all. 4.六個(gè)女孩中，她吃了最少的牛肉。Of the six girls, she ate _ _beef. 5.Lucy 是我最好的朋友。 Lucy is _ _friend. 【Keys】1. taller than 2. more beautiful than 3. the worst 4. the least 5. my best 4) 比較級(jí)句型的拓展1. The earth is

43、 much _ (big) than the moon. 2. -I am too tired to go any _ (far).-Why not have a rest? 3. The problem is a little _ (different) than the other one. 4. 上海比江蘇任何一個(gè)城市都大。 Shanghai is larger than _ _ in Jiangsu. Amy 比她班里的任何一個(gè)同學(xué)都苗條。 Amy is slimmer than _ _ _in her class. 解析：上海不屬于江蘇，不包含在范圍之內(nèi)的，所以前面用any city

44、, 后面一小題 Amy 是班里的學(xué)生，是包含在范圍之內(nèi)的，所以用any other student. 5) 1.My father is _ _(healthy) of my parents. 2. Lucy is_ _(clever) of the twins. 解析：the + adj. / adv （比較級(jí)）+ of +n. 表示“兩者中較。的”6)1.你吃的蔬菜越多，你將越健康。_ _ vegetables you eat, _ _ you will be. 2.你做得鍛煉越少，你就越胖。_ _exercise you take, _ _ you will be. 7) 1.天氣變得越

45、來越熱 The weather gets _ _ _. 2.這個(gè)女孩變得越來越仔細(xì)。 The girl becomes _ _ _ _ 【Keys】 1. bigger 2. farther, further 3. more different 4). 1. any city 2. any other student 5). 1. the heathier 2. the cleverer 6). 1. The more, the healthier 2. The least , the fatter . 7). 1. hotter and hotter. 2. more and more ca

46、reful Step 6: Reading. B.True or false（判斷下列句子是否符合短文內(nèi)容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）【解題思路】1、快速瀏覽全文，細(xì)品文章的首尾句。2、瀏覽題目，在文中找出題目的主干部分。3、重點(diǎn)關(guān)注數(shù)詞、代詞、副詞等。2.26-meter-tall Yao Ming made his NBA debut (初次登臺(tái)) on October 23, 2019 and got 6 points for the Houston Rockets in the game. The next day, he got 13 points in anothe

47、r game.Most people think that Yao Ming is a born basketball player. But Yao said, "When you watch it on TV, it looks very easy. But when you are playing in the NBA, it is really not so easy." He said that joining the Houston Rockets was a new start and a new challenge. "I hope that th

48、rough very hard work I can make everyone happy and help the Rockets win more games," he said.Yao Ming speaks some English. Both he and his teammates can understand each other. They don't think there is a language problem. The people of Houston have shown great interest in Yao Ming and they

49、hope Yao Ming will bring new energy(活力)to the Rockets. The team has started having lessons to learn more about China, and many people who work for the Rockets have learned to speak some Chinese.1. Yao Ming got 13 points on October 23, 2019.2. Yao Ming said that it was difficult to play basketball in

50、 the NBA.3. The people of Houston hope Yao Ming will make NBA games easy.4. From the passage we can know that Yao Ming will work hard for his team.5. The passage is probably a notice. 解析：1。 F. 見文章第一段。 2 T. 見文章第二段第二行。 3 F. 見文章第三段第二三行。 4 T. 見文章第二段三四行。 5. F. 常識(shí)問題。C. Choose the best answer（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

51、答案）Where is Love? How can we find Love?Once a little boy wanted to meet Love. He knew it was a long trip to where Love lived, so he got his things ready with some pizzas and drinks and started off. When he passed three streets, he saw an old woman sitting in the park and watching some birds. She loo

52、ked very hungry. The boy gave her a pizza. She took it and smiled at him. The smile was so beautiful that he wanted to see it again, so he gave her a Coke. She smiled once again. The boy was very happy.They sat there all the afternoon, eating and smiling, but they said nothing. When it grew dark, the boy