高中英語閱讀理解精題(共38頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上閱讀理解Passage 1There are stories about two US . presidents，Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren，which attempt to explain the American English term OKWe dont know if either story is true，but they are both interesting The first explanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very

2、 little educationIn fact，he had difficulty reading and writingWhen important papers came to Jackson，he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they saidIf he approved of a paperhe would write“all correct”on itThe problem was that he didnt know how to spellSo what he really wrote

3、was“ol korekt”After a while，he shortened that term to“OK” The second explanation is based on the place where President Van Buren was born，Kinderhook，New YorkVan Bnrens friends organized a club to help him become President They caned the club the Old Kinderhook Club，and anyone who supported Van Buren

4、 was called“OK”Passage 1這里要講述Andrew Jackson 和Martin Van Buren這2屆美國(guó)總統(tǒng)的小故事。這2個(gè)小故事也許可以解釋美語中OK一詞的來歷。故事的真實(shí)性我們不得而知，不過內(nèi)容卻很有意思。第一個(gè)解釋來源于總統(tǒng)Andrew Jackson的故事。Andrew Jackson幾乎沒有受到過什么教育，事實(shí)上，他對(duì)于日常的讀寫都有困難。當(dāng)收到重要文件的時(shí)候，在嘗試閱讀之后，還是讓他的助手幫忙解釋文件的內(nèi)容。如果批準(zhǔn)一份文件，Andrew Jackson就在上面寫“all correct”。麻煩的是，他不知道怎么這2個(gè)單詞怎么拼寫，因此，實(shí)際上他在文件上

5、寫的是“ol korekt”。過了不久，他又把這2個(gè)單詞縮寫為“OK”。第二個(gè)解釋來源于總統(tǒng)Martin Van Buren的家鄉(xiāng)的名字紐約的Kinderhook。為了幫助Van Buren成為總統(tǒng)，他的朋友為此組織了一個(gè)社團(tuán)。他們把這個(gè)社團(tuán)叫做Old Kinderhook Club，社團(tuán)中支持Van Buren的人都被稱為“OK”31The author C A. believes both of the stories Bdoesnt believe a word of the stories Cis not sure whether the stories are true D. is

6、telling the stories just for fun32. According to the passage，President Jackson D _ Acouldnt draw up any documents at all B. didnt like to read important papers by himselfCoften had his assistants sign documents for him D .wasnt good at reading，writing or spelling33According to the first story, the t

7、erm “OK” C A. was approved of by President Jackson Bwas the title of some Official documents Cwas first used by President Jackson Dwas an old way to spell“all correct34 .According to the second story，the termOK” D Awas the short way to sayold Kinderhook Club” Bmeant the place where President Van Bur

8、en was born Cwas the name of Van Burens club Dwas used to call Van Burens supporters in the election35According to the second storythe term“OK”was first used _B_ Aby Van Buren Bin a presidential electionCto organize the Old Kinderhook Club Dby the members of theOld Kinderhook Club”Passage 2Although

9、the United States covers so much land and the land produces far more food than the present population needs，its people are by now almost entirely an urban society Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry(林業(yè))，and most of the rest live in or around towns，small and largeH

10、ere the traditional picture is changing：every small town may still be very like other small towns，and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country，but most Americans do not live in small towns any moreHalf the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas(1arge

11、 cities with their suburbs、of more than a million people eacha larger proportion than in Germany or England，let alone FranceThe statistics(統(tǒng)計(jì))of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural travel by car to work in a nearby to

12、wn each dayAs the rush to live out of town continuesrural areas within reach of towns are gradually filled with houses，so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb But more and more the typical American lives in a metropolitan rather than a small town environmentPassa

13、ge 2盡管美國(guó)幅員遼闊，而且土地所產(chǎn)出的糧食遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過現(xiàn)有人口的需求，現(xiàn)今的美國(guó)卻幾乎完全是個(gè)都市化的國(guó)家。不足十分之一的人口在從事農(nóng)業(yè)和林業(yè)，而剩余的大多數(shù)人都居住在大大小小的城鎮(zhèn)中或者城鎮(zhèn)的周圍。傳統(tǒng)的景象在這里不斷發(fā)生著變化：小的城鎮(zhèn)之間仍然彼此十分相似，典型的小城鎮(zhèn)還是呈現(xiàn)出大家心目中的鄉(xiāng)村的風(fēng)貌；但是大部分的美國(guó)人卻不再住在小城鎮(zhèn)了?，F(xiàn)在半數(shù)的人口都在大約30幾個(gè)大都市地區(qū)（包括附近郊區(qū)的大型城市）這種大都市地區(qū)的人口都在百萬以上，總的都市人口數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過德國(guó)和英國(guó)，更不用說法國(guó)了。城市和鄉(xiāng)村的人口統(tǒng)計(jì)需要特別對(duì)待，因?yàn)槲覀兯^的住在鄉(xiāng)村的人們，每天都會(huì)開車前往附近的城鎮(zhèn)工作。當(dāng)遠(yuǎn)離

14、城鎮(zhèn)居住的熱潮持續(xù)的情況下，城鎮(zhèn)周圍的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)逐漸蓋滿了房屋。那么說不定什么時(shí)候，一塊鄉(xiāng)村的地區(qū)就變成了城市的郊區(qū)。不過，典型的美國(guó)人還是越來越趨向于居住在大都市而不是小城鎮(zhèn)的環(huán)境中。36If now America has 250 million peoplehow many of them are engaged in agriculture and forestry? ( C )AAbout 25 million BMore than 25 million CLess than 25 million D. Less than 225 million37Which of the follo

15、wing four countries has the smallest proportion of people living in metropolitan areas? ( C ) AUnited States BGermany CFranceDEngland38Whats the meaning of the word“metropolitan”in the middle of the passage? (A) A .Of a large city with its suburbs BOf small and large towns COf urban areas DOf rural

16、areas39According to the passage，what can we learn about small towns in the United States?(B) A Most small towns become gradually crowded BSmall towns are still similar to each other CAs the traditional picture is changing，towns are different D .Small towns are turning into large cities40Why is it ha

17、rd to say when a piece of country becomes a suburb?( C ) ABecause they are the same BBecause the rush takes place too quickly CBecause the process is gradual DBecause more and more Americans live in metropolitan areasPassage 3 If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago，we should probably

18、 have to say that we could not remember But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day，we should be able to give an answer to the question. It is the same in history Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them Sometimes men d

19、id keep a record of the most important happenings in their country，but often it was destroyed by fire or in a warSometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to WriteFor example，we know a good deal about the people who lived in China

20、4，000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after themBut we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa because they had not learned to write Sometimesof course，even if the people cannot write，they may know somethin

21、g of the pastThey have heard about it from older people，and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings，and these have been sung and acted and told for many generations For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the pastThis we may call reme

22、mbered historySome of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is，because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writingBut where there are no written records，such spoken stories are often very helpfu

23、lPassage 3當(dāng)我們被問起準(zhǔn)確的說書一年之前的這個(gè)時(shí)候我們正在做什么，我們可能不得不承認(rèn)記不得了。但是，如果我們有個(gè)冊(cè)子，上面記錄了每天我們做過什么的話，這個(gè)問題就不難給出答案了。對(duì)于歷史的記錄也是如此。許多事情由于沒有任何書面的記錄而被人遺忘。有時(shí)也有人會(huì)對(duì)于他們國(guó)家發(fā)生的重要事件進(jìn)行記錄，但是這些記錄往往毀于火災(zāi)或者戰(zhàn)亂。有時(shí)也因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)地方或那個(gè)時(shí)代的人不會(huì)寫字，而根本不會(huì)有書面記錄的存在。譬如說，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)4千年前的古人會(huì)寫字而且給后人留下了很多文獻(xiàn)，所以我們對(duì)那個(gè)時(shí)代的中國(guó)人十分了解；但是對(duì)于甚至2百年前的中非人，由于他們不會(huì)寫字，而使我們對(duì)其幾乎一無所知。當(dāng)然了，有的時(shí)候就算人們

24、不會(huì)寫字，對(duì)于過去的歷史也會(huì)多少有些了解。也許是從老一輩的那里聽說的，或者從一些由重大事件編出的歌曲和舞蹈中了解的這些傳說和歌舞是從很多輩人流傳下來的。很多人都喜歡夸耀他們的父輩在過去的豐功偉績(jī)，我們把這個(gè)叫做“remembered history”（記憶中的歷史）?，F(xiàn)在一些記憶中的歷史已經(jīng)變成了文字而保留了下來。由于反復(fù)經(jīng)過口頭傳送的歷史遠(yuǎn)比書面記錄的歷史變化大，這種歷史不如書面歷史那么精確和有價(jià)值。但是，在沒有書面歷史存在的時(shí)候，這種口頭流傳的故事就很有幫助了。41. Which of the following ideas is not suggested in the passage?

25、(D ) A“Remembered history”，compared with written history，is less reliable BWritten records of the past play the most important role in our learning of the human history CA written account of our daily activities helps US to be able to answer many questions DWhere there are no written recordsthere is

26、 no history42We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because _D_ Athere was nothing worth being written down at that time B .the people there ignored the importance of keeping a record Cthe written records were perhaps destroyed by a fire Dthe people there did not know how to writ

27、e43“Remembered history”refers to _D_ Ahistory based on a persons imagination B .stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth C .songs and dances about the most important events D .both B and C44“Remembered history”is regarded as valuable only when _B_. A. it is written down B .no

28、written account is available Cit proves to be time Dpeople are interested in it45 .The passage suggests that we could have learned much more about our past than wedo now if the ancient people had _A_Akept a written record of every past event B. not burnt their written records in warsCtold exact stor

29、ies of the most important happenings Dmade more songs and dancesPassage 1 When MrsJoseph Groeger died recently in Vienna，Austria，people asked the obvious，“Why did she live to be 107?”Answers were provided by a survey conducted among 148 Viennese men and women who had reached the age of 100Somewhat s

30、urprising was the fact that the majority had lived most of their lives in citiesIn spite of the citys image as an unhealthy place，city living often provides benefits that country living can lackOne factor seems to be important to the longevity(長(zhǎng)壽)of those interviewed This factor is exercisein the ci

31、ties it is often faster to walk short distances than to wait for a busEven taking public transportation often requires some walkingSmaller apartment houses have no elevators(電梯)，and so people must climb stairsCity people can usually walk to local supermarkets Since parking spaces are hard to find，th

32、ere is often no alternative to walkingOn the other hand，those who live in the country and suburbs do not have to walk every dayIn fact，the opposite is often trueTo go to school，work，or almost anywhere else，they must ride in carsPassage 1在奧地利的維也納，最近當(dāng)一位名為Joseph Groeger的老婦人過世的時(shí)候，人們?nèi)滩蛔∫獑枺骸盀槭裁此梢曰畹?07歲呢？

33、”當(dāng)對(duì)148個(gè)100歲以上的維也納人進(jìn)行調(diào)查之后，我們得出了答案。有點(diǎn)讓人驚訝的是，這些人中的多數(shù)人都大部分的人生都是在都市生活的。盡管城市給我們的印象一直都是不利于健康的，但是城市生活往往提供一些鄉(xiāng)村缺乏的便利。其中有一個(gè)就是這些被調(diào)查者長(zhǎng)壽的重要因素。這個(gè)因素就是鍛煉。在城市，對(duì)于比較短的路程，往往走路比你等著坐公車去更快捷。就算去搭乘一些公共交通工具也經(jīng)常要走一段路程。較小的公寓一般沒有電梯，人們就不得不爬樓。城市人還經(jīng)常步行去附近的超市買東西。在停車位如此難找的情況下，往往沒有別的選擇只有步行。另一方面，那些住在鄉(xiāng)村和郊區(qū)的人反而無需每天走路。事實(shí)上，他們每天都乘坐交通工具，去上學(xué)，去

34、上班，或者去其他任何地方，都必須開車前往。31The Vienna survey may help to explain _C_ Athe complaints of people in apartment houses Bthe cause of Mrs Groegers death Cthe longevity of people like MrsGroeger D. the image of cities in general32The purpose of the second paragraph is to list some _B_ Abenefits of walking Boc

35、casions for walking in city life C. comments made by city people Dproblems of city living33To reach the third floor of a buildingit would probably be most healthful _B_ A. to take the elevator Bto walk up the stairs Cto ride in a car Dto find an alternative to walking34People who live in the country

36、 probably do more driving than walking because _A_ Athey dont live near business areas B. they dont need the exercise Cthey never have parking problems Dthey cant afford to take the bus35A conclusion that can be drawn from this passage is that _D_ Aair pollution is not serious Banyone can live to be

37、 107 Ccountry people should move to the city Dwalking is a healthful exercisePassage 2For any Englishman，there can never be any discussion as to who is the worlds greatest dramatist(劇作家)Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him：that of William Shakespeare Every Englishman has some knowledge，h

38、owever slight，of the work of our greatest writerAll of US use words，phrases and quotations from Shakespeares writings that have become part of the common property of the English-speaking peopleMost of the time we are probably unaware（不知道） of the source（來源） of the words we used，rather （寧可）like the ol

39、d lady who was taken to see a performance（表演、性能、績(jī)效） of Hamlet and complained 訴苦that it was full of wellknown proverbs諺語 and quotations語錄Shakespeare，more perhaps或許 than any other writer，makes full use of the great resources of the English languageMost of US use about five thousand words in our normal

40、 use of English；Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousandThere is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used itSuch a study is well worth the effort(it is not，of cour

41、se，recommended to beginners)even though some aspects of English usage，and the meaning of many words，have changed since Shakespeares dayPassage 2當(dāng)提及誰是世界上最偉大的劇作家，對(duì)于每個(gè)英國(guó)人來說，答案都毫無疑義。只有一個(gè)名字值得這個(gè)稱號(hào)莎士比亞。對(duì)于我們這個(gè)最偉大的劇作家，每個(gè)英國(guó)人都有些了解，即使很少。從莎翁的劇作中我們拿來使用的單詞，習(xí)語和引用，已經(jīng)變成了英語使用者的通用詞庫中的一部分。很多時(shí)候我們可能不知道自己使用的詞語的來源，就好像一個(gè)去看過哈

42、姆雷特的老嫗回來之后抱怨劇中充滿了大家都知道的諺語和引用語。莎翁與其它作者相比，更充分的利用了英語語言這一資源。大多數(shù)的人日常使用不過5000英語詞匯而已，但是莎翁在他的作品中使用了2萬5千左右的詞匯。對(duì)于一個(gè)外國(guó)人來說，研讀莎翁對(duì)英語豐富多彩的使用方法是欣賞英語豐富性和多樣性最好的手段。雖說從莎翁的年代至今，一些英語的用法，許多單詞的意義發(fā)生了變化，但是對(duì)莎翁作品的研究是十分有意義的。（當(dāng)然，對(duì)于初學(xué)英語的人不太推薦。）36. English people _C_Ahave never discussed who is the worlds greatest dramatistBnever

43、discuss any issue concerning the worlds greatest dramatistCare sure who is the worlds greatest dramatistDdo not care who is the worlds greatest poet and dramatist37Every Englishman knows _A_ Amore or less about Shakespeare BShakespeare，but only slightly Call Shakespeares writings Donly the name of t

44、he greatest English writer38Which of the following is true? C AWe use all the words，phrases and quotations from ShakespeareS writings BShakespeares writings have become the property of those who are learning to speak English CIt is likely to be true that people often do not know the origins of the w

45、ords they use D All the words people use are taken from the writings of Shakespeare39What does the word “proverb” mean? A AFamiliar sayings BShakespeares plays CComplaints DActors and actresses40Why is it worthwhile to study the various ways in which Shakespeare used English? B AEnglish words have c

46、hanged a lot since ShakespeareS time BBy doing SO one can be fully aware of the richness of the English language C. English words are now being used in the same way as in Shakespeares time D. Beginners may have difficulty learning some aspects of English usagePassage 3 Trees are useful to man in thr

47、ee very important ways：they provide him wood and other products；they give him shade；and they help to prevent drought(干旱)and floods Unfortunately，in many parts of the world，man has not realized that the third of these services is the most importantIn his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees，

48、he has cut them down in large numbers Two thousand years ago，a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships，with which to gain itself an empire It gained the empire but，without its trees，its soil became bare and poorWhen the empire fell to pieces，the country found itself faced by f

49、loods and starvation Even where a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees，it is difficult sometimes to make the people realize thisThey cut down the trees but are too careless to plant and look after new trees So，unless the government has a good system of control，or can edu

50、cate the people，the forests slowly disappearThis does not only mean that there will be fewer treesThe results are even more serious：for where there are trees，their roots break the soil up，allowing the rain to sink in， and also bind the soilThis prevents the soil from being washed awayBut where there

51、 are no trees，the rainfalls on hard ground and flows away on the surface，and this causes floods and the rain carries away the rich topsoil in which crops grow When a11 the topsoil is gonenothing remains but worthless desert41Trees are useful to man mainly in three ways，the most important of which is

52、 that they can _D_A. keep him from the hot sunshine Benable him to build warshipsCmake him draw quick profit from them D .protect him from droughts and floods42Its a great pity that _C_Aman is only interested in building empires Bman is eager to profit from treesCman hasnt realized the importance of

53、 trees to him D. man hasnt found out that he has lost all trees43Sooner or later the forests will disappear _C_ A. unless a country has a plenty supply of trees Bunless people stop cutting down their trees Cunless aIl people are taught the importance of planting trees Dunless the government punishes

54、 those who cut trees instead of planting them44The word“bind”in Paragraph 5 means“_C_” Ato wash away Bto make wet Cto make stay together Dto improve45. When there is a heavy raintrees can help to prevent floodsas they can. B Akeep rain from falling down to soft ground B，cause the soil to allow rainw

55、ater to sink inCprevent the soil from being washed away D .make the topsoil stick togetherPassage 3樹木對(duì)于人來說有3個(gè)重要益處：樹木給人類提供木材和其他產(chǎn)物；樹木可以讓人們乘涼；樹木可有效地防止旱澇災(zāi)害。可惜的是，在世界上許多地方，人類沒有認(rèn)識(shí)到以上三個(gè)作用中，第三個(gè)是最重要的。人們急切于從樹木上快速的謀取利益，于是大量的砍伐森林。兩千年之前，有一個(gè)富裕和強(qiáng)大的國(guó)家。為了建立帝國(guó)，砍倒了樹木來造戰(zhàn)艦。帝國(guó)建立了，但是，沒有樹木的土地變得荒蕪和貧瘠。當(dāng)?shù)蹏?guó)四分五裂的時(shí)候，整個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)覺自己面臨的是水

56、災(zāi)和饑荒。就算在政府認(rèn)識(shí)到足夠的樹木儲(chǔ)備的重要性時(shí)，有時(shí)卻很難讓人民也意識(shí)到這點(diǎn)。人們砍倒了樹木，卻疏于種植和照料樹苗。因此，除非政府建立一套體制來控制或者教育人們，否則森林就會(huì)漸漸消失。森林的消失不僅僅意味著樹木的減少，還有更嚴(yán)重的后果。在有樹的地方，樹根不僅把土壤粉碎成小塊，便于雨水的滲入，還可以牢牢的抓住泥土，防止泥土被沖刷走。但是在沒有書的地方，雨水直接落在堅(jiān)硬的地面，在土地表面流走。這不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致洪水，雨水還會(huì)帶走莊稼賴于生長(zhǎng)的肥沃的表層土。當(dāng)所有的表層土被沖走之后，除了毫無價(jià)值的沙漠之外，什么也沒有了。Passage 1 DrHarvey Gates，the noted scientist，might never have discovered the Kamron lizard(蜥蜴)in Blovia，if it had not been for a childhood accident As a boy，he was determined to become a baseball player，but when he broke his arm in practice at the age of fourteen and was forced to stay off the playing field f