民營(yíng)企業(yè)人力資源管理轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)的九大方略

1、民營(yíng)企業(yè)人力資源管理轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)的九大方略 20世紀(jì)70年代，現(xiàn)代管理理論誕生，其主要代表為馬斯洛、戴爾·卡內(nèi)基、麥戈里格和哈羅德·孔茨，代表著作為馬斯洛的人類(lèi)動(dòng)機(jī)理論和動(dòng)機(jī)和人、戴爾·卡內(nèi)基的如何羸得朋友和影響人們、哈羅德·孔茨的管理理論的叢林。此外，麥戈里格的X理論、Y理論也發(fā)揮了巨大的影響。    現(xiàn)代型管理理論的主要觀點(diǎn)為：“人的自我實(shí)現(xiàn)要求為企業(yè)發(fā)展創(chuàng)新的最大動(dòng)力，因此，企業(yè)管理必須以發(fā)揮人的主動(dòng)性和創(chuàng)造性為根本取向?！狈磳?duì)把人變成實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤(rùn)的機(jī)器，反對(duì)人在規(guī)則化、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、程序化的重復(fù)工作中喪失人性尊

2、嚴(yán)和主動(dòng)創(chuàng)造性，在管理理論中摻入了西方“民主、人權(quán)、自由”的基本社會(huì)價(jià)值觀念。    現(xiàn)代管理理論主張?jiān)谄髽I(yè)日常管理過(guò)程中更偏重于對(duì)人性的尊重，主張用人的創(chuàng)造性和主動(dòng)精神來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)效益增長(zhǎng)，有著強(qiáng)烈的人本主義傾向。受現(xiàn)代化理論影響，歐美企業(yè)紛紛對(duì)本企業(yè)的管理模式進(jìn)行改革，在企業(yè)人力資源的管理中更多地尊重員工個(gè)性、尊重員工首創(chuàng)精神，諸如彈性工作制一類(lèi)的人性化工作方法應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。在這種強(qiáng)調(diào)人性解放的管理革命中，歐美企業(yè)的效益實(shí)現(xiàn)了最大幅度的增長(zhǎng)。20世紀(jì)六、七十年代的西方“新技術(shù)革命浪潮”就是這種變革的直接產(chǎn)物。    

3、對(duì)歐美企業(yè)管理模式進(jìn)行總結(jié)，我們可以得出這樣一個(gè)公式：經(jīng)驗(yàn)型管理階段（工業(yè)革命開(kāi)始）科學(xué)型管理階段（20世紀(jì)初開(kāi)始）現(xiàn)代型管理階段（20世紀(jì)60年代開(kāi)始），其中實(shí)現(xiàn)了兩次大飛躍。在管理方式上，經(jīng)驗(yàn)型管理是人治，科學(xué)型管理是法治，現(xiàn)代型管理是文治；曾水良認(rèn)為，民營(yíng)企業(yè)人力資源的管理模式的人才結(jié)構(gòu)是從未進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)移時(shí)沿襲下來(lái)的現(xiàn)實(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)，并沒(méi)有從企業(yè)由經(jīng)驗(yàn)型管理階段科學(xué)型管理階段現(xiàn)代型管理階段升級(jí)而重新進(jìn)行新的規(guī)劃與調(diào)整。    不同環(huán)境、不同企業(yè)發(fā)展階段中，企業(yè)員工應(yīng)整合在一個(gè)創(chuàng)新價(jià)值導(dǎo)向的激勵(lì)機(jī)制之中，獲得人才競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。高素質(zhì)的專(zhuān)業(yè)人才與管理人才是民營(yíng)企業(yè)目

4、前最稀缺的資源，企業(yè)發(fā)展越快對(duì)人才的需求就越大，任何企業(yè)如果不能從企業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的高度，以現(xiàn)代化、國(guó)際化、市產(chǎn)化的眼光看待人力資源的管理問(wèn)題，其發(fā)展遲早會(huì)遇到瓶頸。曾水良認(rèn)為，對(duì)民營(yíng)企業(yè)而言，建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化的人力資源管理體系，必須要有效把握以下九大要素：    一、人才激勵(lì)機(jī)制歸屬感長(zhǎng)期化    從重視企業(yè)目標(biāo)的企劃到形成一套有效的業(yè)績(jī)指導(dǎo)、業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)和業(yè)績(jī)輔導(dǎo)改進(jìn)體系，以及建立以此相適應(yīng)的報(bào)酬激勵(lì)制度、人員培訓(xùn)與開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃、人員進(jìn)退升遷制度和形成相應(yīng)工作流程程序等。曾水良認(rèn)為，企業(yè)必須要建立起這些規(guī)范化的制度體系和運(yùn)作程序

5、。跨國(guó)公司靠的就是制度的再生產(chǎn)，企業(yè)大了就不能僅僅靠產(chǎn)品，而要靠制度。    沉淀福利制度。有些企業(yè)實(shí)行優(yōu)良的福利制度，包括獎(jiǎng)金、利潤(rùn)提成、股份等以吸引人才，但是這些條件不是一次性就能得到，而需要個(gè)考察周期，只有在你工作一定年限達(dá)到企業(yè)的要求它才能真正變現(xiàn)。上述二項(xiàng)，被譽(yù)為企業(yè)留住精英人才的“金手銬”，實(shí)踐價(jià)值可觀。    股票期權(quán)。單純的給人才高工資，已證明不太能發(fā)揮應(yīng)有效用了，那樣企業(yè)始終沒(méi)有人才的利益參與，有必要做些改變以讓他們隨著企業(yè)的成長(zhǎng)更清楚地看到希望。    現(xiàn)

6、在成了企業(yè)最能拴住人才心的有力工具，特別是對(duì)核心人才來(lái)說(shuō)。通過(guò)股票期權(quán)，企業(yè)成為“人人有份”的利益共同體，人才成為企業(yè)的主人，更得以長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)分享企業(yè)利益。引入人力資源管理，謀求共同發(fā)展，確保人才“歸屬感”;筆者認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)代企業(yè)將面臨越來(lái)越嚴(yán)酷的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，這既是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，也是一種機(jī)會(huì)，要在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中脫穎而出的唯一途徑是充分開(kāi)發(fā)、科學(xué)管理人力資源，這樣才能引導(dǎo)企業(yè)不斷走向成功，要管理好人力這種特殊的稀缺資源，企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)必須從思想上轉(zhuǎn)變觀念，弄清人力資源的管理目標(biāo)以及與企業(yè)整體戰(zhàn)略、管理環(huán)境、企業(yè)文化的關(guān)系。 二、管理人文、人性化保障人才創(chuàng)造力    員工往往在感受

7、到被關(guān)心的情況下才會(huì)感到自信，并希望這種關(guān)心能用金錢(qián)或其他無(wú)形的東西表示。只有人才感到你在關(guān)心他們，才會(huì)追隨你，為你賣(mài)命干;“錢(qián)不是萬(wàn)能的，但是沒(méi)有錢(qián)是萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不能的。    中國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)老板們說(shuō)的最多的一個(gè)詞匯可能就是“以人為本”，然而如何實(shí)踐“以人為本”卻沒(méi)有概念，“以人為本”成了自我標(biāo)榜的“噱頭”。曾水良認(rèn)為，對(duì)于企業(yè)微觀層次的人力資源管理各項(xiàng)運(yùn)作策略，民營(yíng)企業(yè)是最欠缺的，沒(méi)有具體的運(yùn)作策略，再好的理念僅僅只是概念。    我們一定要注意，不同的業(yè)務(wù)、不同的企業(yè)組織形式等決定了在這些領(lǐng)域中的人力資源管理具體運(yùn)作操

8、作策略是不一樣的，不能一味地來(lái)復(fù)制。過(guò)于忽視人性是管理的一大失敗，想想不少外資企業(yè)宣揚(yáng)“尊重人、關(guān)心人”的企業(yè)理念，不也正是在這種理念的召喚下人才紛紛涌向的嗎?尊重人才，意味著人才不僅是工作的伙伴，還是生活中的朋友，彼此之間在人格上是同等的;也意味著工作本身不是強(qiáng)迫經(jīng)理人必須服從。對(duì)人才來(lái)說(shuō)，不再是單純被使用，而是在雙方協(xié)商自愿的基礎(chǔ)上，選擇更利于人才成長(zhǎng)的工作項(xiàng)目和問(wèn)題解決之道。    這樣，管理者與人才不再是單純的命令發(fā)布者和被動(dòng)接受者、實(shí)施者，而會(huì)很容易地結(jié)成事業(yè)上的工作伙伴，工作也就成了人才追求自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的一個(gè)價(jià)值平臺(tái)。企業(yè)的人力資源管理政策就會(huì)很

9、自然地考慮人才的需求，容易贏得人才的認(rèn)可和贊同，在此基礎(chǔ)上選擇合適的激勵(lì)措施保障其創(chuàng)造力的發(fā)揮。    三、人才競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制市場(chǎng)化    沒(méi)有市場(chǎng)，就無(wú)法建立競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制，也實(shí)現(xiàn)不了效率。這里的市場(chǎng)有雙層含義：一:包括民營(yíng)企業(yè)的內(nèi)部人力資源市場(chǎng)以及外部人力資源市場(chǎng)。規(guī)范化的要求就是要讓企業(yè)把市場(chǎng)選擇作為解決企業(yè)人員“進(jìn)口”與“出口”的道路。    企業(yè)雖然用人機(jī)制企業(yè)雖然用人機(jī)制市場(chǎng)化了，但是企業(yè)對(duì)員工的勞動(dòng)價(jià)值沒(méi)有真正市場(chǎng)化，有的企業(yè)報(bào)酬低，員工合法權(quán)益得不到保障，企業(yè)保險(xiǎn)不落實(shí)，

10、員工的后顧之憂得不到解決，加之缺乏科學(xué)的管理，等等，沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出待遇留人、事業(yè)留人、感情留人，影響了員工的積極性。    然而，我們必須也要明白，市場(chǎng)化對(duì)接機(jī)制的規(guī)范化只是基礎(chǔ)。對(duì)國(guó)外企業(yè)而言，對(duì)于建立在科層制企業(yè)組織基礎(chǔ)上的組織構(gòu)造、薪酬制度、信息采集、評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)程乃至設(shè)計(jì)方法已是眾所周知。我們建立起來(lái)人力資源和市場(chǎng)化對(duì)接機(jī)制的管理體系，縱然能使我們?cè)趪?guó)內(nèi)獲得管理上的優(yōu)勢(shì)，但同國(guó)外同行企業(yè)相比卻沒(méi)有絲毫的優(yōu)勢(shì)，在這些領(lǐng)域，西方企業(yè)的管理已經(jīng)相當(dāng)成熟。    四、人才契約用工機(jī)制國(guó)際化   

11、 我國(guó)一些民營(yíng)企業(yè)有一項(xiàng)所謂的“體制內(nèi)”與“體制外”的用工方式。如是這種現(xiàn)狀，企業(yè)也要建立起體制內(nèi)的人員怎樣在企業(yè)內(nèi)部人力資源市場(chǎng)中“進(jìn)出”的規(guī)則，否則那些“體制外”的人員心理怎么能平衡?要么就打破體制和觀念的束縛建立起統(tǒng)一的契約化社會(huì)化用工方式一些民營(yíng)企業(yè)的人力資源經(jīng)理就曾向我訴說(shuō)過(guò)多重體制的人員管理方式讓他們工作起來(lái)備感苦惱。    當(dāng)然這里也需要國(guó)家對(duì)企事業(yè)單位的管理體制要徹底放開(kāi)。此外，企業(yè)為了保證人才使用上的效率，不同層次人才的市場(chǎng)價(jià)格信號(hào)將成為企業(yè)確立薪酬水平的重要參照。筆者認(rèn)為，民營(yíng)企業(yè)一定要借助現(xiàn)代人力資源管理的先進(jìn)方法技術(shù)，建

12、立規(guī)范化人力資源管理體系，形成高效的人力資源平臺(tái)，與國(guó)際接軌，才能獲得同國(guó)外企業(yè)同臺(tái)競(jìng)技的機(jī)會(huì)。    五、人才能力培育基因化    我們這個(gè)社會(huì)需要什么樣的人，我們企業(yè)需要培養(yǎng)什么樣的人，學(xué)不適用，學(xué)不能用，這原本就是個(gè)大課題!社會(huì)每時(shí)每刻都在改變，我們的企業(yè)隨著社會(huì)的改變而改變，那么我們的人才應(yīng)該怎么樣才能適應(yīng)企業(yè)的改變呢?曾水良認(rèn)為，員工培訓(xùn)是維系企業(yè)生存乃至可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵舉措。現(xiàn)實(shí)情況中，培訓(xùn)效果與組織期望結(jié)果往往相悖，內(nèi)部成本及外部經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)的存在往往使企業(yè)陷人進(jìn)退兩難的困境。  &#

13、160;競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的人才市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)在使求職者感受到，不斷提高自己的技能和能力才是其在社會(huì)中立足的根本，人員在選擇企業(yè)時(shí)，將不僅只看眼前的薪酬福利，也要看民營(yíng)企業(yè)對(duì)人員培訓(xùn)開(kāi)發(fā)的重視程度。培訓(xùn)開(kāi)發(fā)已經(jīng)在成為民營(yíng)企業(yè)吸引人才最重要的因素之一。對(duì)民營(yíng)企業(yè)而言，不重視人員的培訓(xùn)開(kāi)發(fā)，一是將無(wú)法適應(yīng)以人力資源競(jìng)爭(zhēng)為基礎(chǔ)的商業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)挑戰(zhàn)，同時(shí)也是對(duì)員工不負(fù)責(zé)任的不道德表現(xiàn)，對(duì)這種企業(yè)，員工大可不必與其建立“忠誠(chéng)”。曾水良認(rèn)為，規(guī)范化建設(shè)人才培訓(xùn)機(jī)制，就是要求企業(yè)一定要建立起一系列的企業(yè)培訓(xùn)開(kāi)發(fā)體系，尤其要把關(guān)鍵人才的不斷開(kāi)發(fā)和后備人才的培養(yǎng)作為重中之重，以改善績(jī)效與戰(zhàn)略競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力所需組織能力為導(dǎo)向的培訓(xùn)的人才基因之

14、心智模式，改造個(gè)人能力與組織力相匹配，力求培訓(xùn)卓有成效!我們口頭上常講的人才是企業(yè)第一資源是否真正落實(shí)呢人才在企業(yè)中是處于什么地位呢，是否是當(dāng)驢做馬的打工身份呢?要知道忠誠(chéng)優(yōu)秀的人才，完全是企業(yè)塑造培訓(xùn)開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)的，只是企業(yè)家潛意識(shí)里還沒(méi)足夠重視。    六、人才職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃目標(biāo)化    實(shí)施企業(yè)員工職業(yè)生涯的規(guī)劃，設(shè)計(jì)與管理目的是為企業(yè)長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展之需要，尋求企業(yè)發(fā)展目標(biāo)與員工個(gè)人發(fā)展目標(biāo)的一致性，在充分掌握員工個(gè)人生命周期與企業(yè)發(fā)展生命周期之間的關(guān)系上，為企業(yè)做好人力資源的開(kāi)發(fā)與配置。曾水良認(rèn)為，讓員工了解員工個(gè)

15、人生涯與企業(yè)發(fā)展之間的關(guān)系，在兼顧企業(yè)利益與員工個(gè)人利益的前提下設(shè)定個(gè)人目標(biāo)，做到員工個(gè)人與企業(yè)間目標(biāo)一致，行為一致，共同創(chuàng)業(yè)，共享成功，并且結(jié)合自身的具體情況開(kāi)展職業(yè)生涯。    企業(yè)實(shí)施職業(yè)生涯開(kāi)發(fā)與管理戰(zhàn)略所需要的基本條件是：以發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)為主的社會(huì)安定、以人為中心的企業(yè)管理和有自我發(fā)展意識(shí)的企業(yè)員工。置于左側(cè)的工作主要由企業(yè)組織實(shí)施，置于右側(cè)的工作主要由個(gè)人完成，而置于中間的工作表示必須由企業(yè)和個(gè)人在充分討論、達(dá)成共識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上合作進(jìn)行。    七、人才與組織能力歸核化   

16、0;企業(yè)的核心能力體系是一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的系統(tǒng)，它不是一成不變的，需要不斷的完善和發(fā)展，以確保這一體系能夠使企業(yè)獲得競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)。兩種情況要求企業(yè)對(duì)員工核心能力體系做出調(diào)整：隨著環(huán)境的變化，民企的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)及實(shí)現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)的途徑也會(huì)有所變化，員工核心能力體系必須做出相應(yīng)的變化。    即使民企在實(shí)現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)略成功轉(zhuǎn)移后，由于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者的跟隨和模仿，企業(yè)的員工核心能力體系不再具有獨(dú)特性，這時(shí)，員工核心能力體系必須做出必要的改變?？傊?，企業(yè)的員工核心能力體系的建立與發(fā)展是為了獲得企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)、完成企業(yè)使命。企業(yè)建立了員工核心能力體系并不斷去發(fā)展它

17、，可以使企業(yè)獲得更多的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)和使命。    八、企業(yè)文化政工共和化    企業(yè)要可持續(xù)發(fā)展，就必須不斷完善企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理體系和企業(yè)文化，管理體系是硬件,文化則是軟件,亦是企業(yè)的靈魂。曾水良認(rèn)為，一些企業(yè)為了塑造自身的文化形象，在脫離企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理實(shí)際的情況下總結(jié)了,一套經(jīng)營(yíng)理念或企業(yè)精神。由于這些理念或精神根本不被員工認(rèn)可，因此這種企業(yè)文化實(shí)際上成為一種脫離企業(yè)實(shí)際的空談。雖然對(duì)于外部的不知情者可能會(huì)起到一時(shí)的包裝功效，但是對(duì)于企業(yè)自身而言，純屬一個(gè)漂亮的花瓶，其作用可想而知。  

18、;  企業(yè)缺乏凝聚力和認(rèn)同感研究表明，一套大家接受的價(jià)值觀對(duì)企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)是十分重要的，提煉企業(yè)員工“認(rèn)同的企業(yè)文化”以建立共和的企業(yè)政工文化，它可以幫助企業(yè)員工樹(shù)立起共同的理想，信念，從而全力以赴地為共同的目標(biāo)努力。同時(shí)它又是構(gòu)成團(tuán)結(jié)，和諧的人際關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)。請(qǐng)重視“企業(yè)文化”，決定企業(yè)發(fā)展成長(zhǎng)的永遠(yuǎn)是文化，文化永遠(yuǎn)是企業(yè)一切經(jīng)營(yíng)管理活動(dòng)的核心。  九、人才才能發(fā)揮成就化    這是人才成為管理者的最大向往，權(quán)力下放就是讓他們看到施展才華的希望。在國(guó)外，只要你優(yōu)秀，你就擁有足夠的舞臺(tái)，我們也有必要順應(yīng)世界趨勢(shì)，把優(yōu)秀的管

19、理人才推到前臺(tái)。如有些企業(yè)實(shí)行所有權(quán)、經(jīng)營(yíng)管理權(quán)分離，就是給優(yōu)秀人才足夠的權(quán)力空間和相互尊重、彼此信任和充分溝通的組織環(huán)境。重視人才學(xué)習(xí)、教育，積極幫助其自我成長(zhǎng)。    “人才是科學(xué)發(fā)展的第一資源，人才優(yōu)勢(shì)是最具潛力、最可持續(xù)、最可依靠的優(yōu)勢(shì)。科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的核心是以人為本，一方面，企業(yè)在發(fā)展目標(biāo)上要體現(xiàn)一切為了人，另一方面在發(fā)展動(dòng)力上要體現(xiàn)一切依靠人。從發(fā)展動(dòng)力上講，以人為本更多地體現(xiàn)以人才為本。曾水良認(rèn)為，老板要努力建設(shè)一個(gè)人的才華受到充分尊重、人才價(jià)值得到充分承認(rèn)的企業(yè)，人才才能得到最大限度的發(fā)揮，一個(gè)不僅物質(zhì)財(cái)富不斷豐富、而且各類(lèi)人才充分涌流的企業(yè)

20、。老板要堅(jiān)持人才優(yōu)先的理念，堅(jiān)持人才投入是效益最大的投入，人才開(kāi)發(fā)是最具潛力的開(kāi)發(fā)，人才引進(jìn)是最具價(jià)值的引進(jìn)，做到人才資源優(yōu)先開(kāi)發(fā)、人才結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)先調(diào)整、人才資本優(yōu)先積累、人才制度優(yōu)先創(chuàng)新，以人才優(yōu)先發(fā)展引領(lǐng)和帶動(dòng)企業(yè)發(fā)展。老板要懷著求賢若渴的心態(tài)愛(ài)護(hù)愛(ài)惜人才、理解信任人才、包容激勵(lì)人才，在培養(yǎng)上”揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)補(bǔ)短“，在使用上”揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短“，在保護(hù)上”揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)容短“，讓尊重、愛(ài)惜、寬容、激勵(lì)人才蔚然成風(fēng)。    拿破侖說(shuō)，“一個(gè)人最大的幸福就是自己的才能得到最大限度的發(fā)揮”。老板們必須努力使職業(yè)經(jīng)理人和各部門(mén)主管能夠在公司的日常工作中得到最大的幸福，讓他們感到公司就是自己

21、才能得到最大發(fā)揮的場(chǎng)所，除此之外，他們不再有另尋一番天地發(fā)揮才能的想法。    曾水良認(rèn)為，企業(yè)管理的兩大方面管人和管事而言，管事易而管人難，因?yàn)槿耸腔顒?dòng)的、復(fù)雜的、有七情六欲和價(jià)值取向的。故，企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)必須充分認(rèn)識(shí)到了人本管理的重要性，需不斷采取新措施完善人力資源管理。企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)要樹(shù)立一種“得人才，得天下”的人才觀.堅(jiān)持以人為本的管理思想，形成求才、選才、用才、育才、激才、留才的機(jī)制.加大人員的技能開(kāi)發(fā)與能力培養(yǎng),建立學(xué)習(xí)型組織;建立三個(gè)層面員工關(guān)系管理及員工職業(yè)生涯規(guī)劃;建立企業(yè)的核心能力體系;建立規(guī)則文化。    

22、;企業(yè)管理的人才機(jī)制的建立必須高度重視目的性和系統(tǒng)性，建立可持續(xù)的人才提升和企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略實(shí)現(xiàn)的人力資源機(jī)制,人的思想觀念尤為重要。企業(yè)管理必須象軍隊(duì)一樣，形成體系與建制必建立信仰文化，從而達(dá)成其終極目的，就是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略意圖和戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)。Was born in the 1970 s, modern management theory, the main representative of maslow, dale Carnegie, MaiGe Greg and Harold coontz, representative works of maslow's theory of huma

23、n motivation and motivation and people, dale Carnegie's "how to win friends and influence people," Mr. Harold hole "management theory jungle". In addition, the MaiGe lattice theory X and theory Y also played a big impact.As the main point of the modern management theory: &quo

24、t;man's self-fulfillment requirements for maximum power of innovation, enterprise development, therefore, enterprise management must to man's initiative and creativity for fundamental orientation." Against men have been turned into profit machine, people in the regularization, standardi

25、zation and programming of duplication in the loss of human dignity and active creativity, in the management theory with the western "democracy, human rights, freedom," the basic social values.Modern management theory argues that in the process of enterprise daily management more focus on r

26、espect for human nature, advocating the creativity and initiative of choose and employ persons to achieve benefit growth enterprise, have a strong tendency of humanism. Influenced by modernization theory, the European and American companies to the management mode of the reform, the enterprise human

27、resources management in the greater respect for individuality, respect staff initiative, such as flexibility of humane working method arises at the historic moment. In this kind of stressed human liberation management revolution, Europe and the United States the benefit of the enterprise to achieve

28、the most substantial growth. The 60 s and seventy s of the 20th century western "new wave of technological revolution" is the direct result of the change.To summarize in Europe and the enterprise management mode, we can conclude that a formula: experience management stage (industrial revol

29、ution) - KeXueXing management phase, which began in the early 20th century, modern management phase, which began in the 1960 s, including the two big leap. In the mode of management, management experience is rule of man, KeXueXing management is the rule of law, modern management is a sandwich; Had g

30、ood water that private enterprise human resources management mode of talent structure is never the real structure, inherited from the shift in strategy when no - KeXueXing management phase by the experience from the enterprise management, modern management stage to upgrade to the new planning and ad

31、justment.Different environment, different stages of enterprise development, enterprise employees should be integrated in a value orientation of the incentive mechanism of innovation, talent competitiveness. Highly qualified professionals and managers is the private enterprise is the most scarce reso

32、urces, enterprise development faster, the greater the demand for talent, if any enterprise can not from the height of the enterprise development strategy, with modernization, internationalization, the city produces the view of human resource management problem, sooner or later, its development will

33、encounter bottlenecks. Once water good thought, for private enterprises, the construction of modern human resources management system, must be effective grasp the following nine main factors:A, talent incentive mechanism belonging permanentFrom attaches great importance to the enterprise target of p

34、lanning to form a set of effective guidance, to improve system performance evaluation and performance coaching, and to be adapted to compensation incentive system, staff training and development plan, personnel system and the formation of the corresponding workflow application and promotion, etc. On

35、ce water good thought, the enterprise must establish the standardized system and operation procedures. The reproduction of the multinational companies rely on is the system, the enterprise cannot only the product, and want to rely on system.Precipitation welfare system. Some enterprises implement go

36、od welfare system, including bonuses, profits, commission, etc. In order to attract talents, but these conditions is not a one-time can get, and need a cycle, only in a certain year you work to achieve the requirement of the enterprise can truly realise it. The above two paragraphs is known as the e

37、nterprise hold "golden handcuffs" of elite talent, considerable practical value.Stock options. Simple to talent high wages, has proved not too can play their utility, that enterprise has not involved with the interests of the people, it is necessary to make some changes to make them as com

38、panies to more clearly see the growth of hope.Now enterprises can through talented person heart is a powerful tool for most, especially for the core talent. Through stock options, the enterprise become the "everyone has a" community of interests, talents become the master of the enterprise

39、, more to be able to share long-term business interests. Introduction of human resource management, seek common development, to ensure the talent "belonging" The author thinks that, the modern enterprise will face more and more severe competition, it is a challenge, also is a kind of chanc

40、e, the only way to stand out from the competition is fully developed, the scientific management of human resources, so as to guide the enterprises to success, to manage the human this special scarce resource, enterprise leadership must change concept on thought, cognizant of the human resources mana

41、gement goal and the enterprise overall strategy, management environment, the relationship between the enterprise culture.Second, management, humanities, human security talent creativityEmployees tend to feel be concerned will feel confident, and hope that this can care about money or other intangibl

42、e things said. Only feel you are concerned about their talent will follow you, hard to do for you; "Money is not everything, but without money you can do nothing.Chinese private enterprise owners say the most a word may be "people-oriented", but how to practice has no concept of "

43、;people-oriented", "people-oriented" became "trick" of itself. Had a good think, for the operations enterprise micro level of human resources management strategy, is the lack of private enterprises, no specific operation strategy, it is a good idea just concepts.We must pay

44、attention to, and different business and different forms of business organization determines the human resources management in the field of the concrete operation operation strategy is not the same, not to blindly copy. Ignorance of the management of human nature is a big failure, think a lot of for

45、eign companies to promote "respect people, care people" the enterprise idea, not is also under the call of the concept of people are flocking to it? Respect talents, means that talent is not only a work partner, or the life friend, each other are equal in personality; Also means that the w

46、ork itself is not forcing managers must obey. For talent, is no longer just be used, but on the basis of mutual agreement voluntarily, choose in favor of the project of the talents growth and problem solution.In this way, managers and talent is no longer a simple command publishers and passive recip

47、ients, implementers, and will easily form a business partnership, also has become the talent work value pursuit of self-realization of a platform. Enterprise human resources management policy will naturally consider talented person's demand, easily won the approval of all talents and agree, on t

48、his basis to choose the appropriate incentive measures to ensure the full play of creativity.Three, talent competition mechanismNo market, will not be able to establish competition mechanism, can achieve efficiency. The market has double meanings: a: including the private enterprise internal human r

49、esources market as well as the external human resources market. The requirement of standardization is to let the enterprise the market choice as a solution to enterprise staff "import" and "export".Enterprises while the employing mechanism while the employing mechanism, but the e

50、nterprise to employees of labor value has no real market, some enterprises pay is low, employees' legitimate rights and interests protected, business insurance does not implement, the trouble back at home of employee is not solved, and the lack of scientific management, and so on, not reflect tr

51、eatment retention to attract and retain talented people, public recognition, influence the enthusiasm of the employees.However, we must also understand that the standardization of the market docking mechanism is the foundation. For foreign enterprises, for an organization based on dissecting the ent

52、erprise organization structure, salary system, information collection, evaluation process and the design method is well known. We set up the management of human resources and market docking mechanism system, even if can make us in the domestic management advantages, but compared with foreign counter

53、parts enterprises have no the slightest advantage, in these areas, the management of the enterprise has been quite mature in the west.Four, internationalized talent employment contract mechanismSome private enterprises of our country has a so-called "system" and "system" mode of

54、labor. So this kind of situation, the enterprise how to establish the system of personnel in enterprise internal human resources market "in and out of the" rules, otherwise how could the "system" personnel psychological balance? Or to break the bondage of system and the idea to e

55、stablish a unified way of leasing social labor some private enterprise human resources manager has been telling me that the multiple system of personnel management way to let them work with fretting over.Here, of course, also need to state on the management system of enterprises and institutions to

56、completely let go. In addition, the efficiency of enterprise in order to ensure that people use different levels of talent market price signal will be an important reference to enterprises establish the level of compensation. The author believes that the private enterprise must use advanced methods

57、of modern human resources management technology, establishing standardized human resource management system, forming efficient human resources platform, and the international community, to get the opportunity to compete with foreign enterprises.Five, the talented person ability cultivating geneOur s

58、ociety needs what kind of person, enterprise, we need to develop what kind of person, not apply to learn, to learn can't use, this originally is a big issue! Society is changing every time, our company with the change of the social change, then our talents should be how to adapt to the change of

59、 the enterprise? Had a good think, staff training is the key for enterprise survival and sustainable development measures. The reality, the training effect and the organizational expectation result often at odds, the existence of the internal cost and external economic effects tend to make the enter

60、prise into the plight of the horns of a dilemma.Fierce competition in the talent market has been in the job seekers feel that, constantly improve their own skills and abilities is the root of its foothold in society, personnel, when choosing enterprise will not only look at present salary, benefits,

61、 also want to see the private enterprise to the attention of the personnel training and development. Training and development has been become one of the most important factors of private enterprises to attract talents. For private enterprises do not take the personnel training and development, it is

62、 will not be able to adapt to the business competition on the basis of the human resources competition challenges, but also to the employees the irresponsible immoral behavior, for the enterprise, employees don't have to establish a "loyalty". Had a good think water, standardization construction personnel training mechanism, is to require companies to set up a series of enterprise training development system, especia