人教版新目標八年級上冊英語語法知識及練習

1、人教版新目標八年級上冊 英語語法知識點精講+練習（一） 一般將來時一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或者存在的狀態(tài)。通常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （動詞原形）結構：表示打算、準備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 結構表示將來的用法： 1. 表示預見 Do you think it will rain? You will feel bett

2、er after a good rest. 2. 表示意圖 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本構成如下：一般疑問句構成： （1）will+主語+do? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 結構的一般疑問句：Will there + be ? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there wont 否定句構成：will + not

3、 （wont）+do Sarah wont come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑問句構成： 特殊疑問詞will主語？What will Sarah do next Sunday? 根據(jù)例句，用will改寫下列各句 例：I dont feel well today. （be better tomorrow） Ill be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight） _ 2. Im tired now. （sleep later） _ 3. My pa

4、rents need a new car. （buy one soon） _ 4. We cant leave right now. （leave a little later） _ 5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow） _答案：1. Shell have a lot of homework tonight. 2. Ill sleep later. 3. Theyll buy one soon. 4. Well leave a little later. 5. Maybe itll be better tomorrow. （二）

5、should的用法： should用來提出建議和忠告，后邊加動詞原形，否定句直接在should后邊加not. 例如：I think you should eat less junk food. 我認為你應該少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她經(jīng)常開車，很少走路。所以我認為她應該多走路。 Students shouldnt spend too much time playing computer games. 學生們不應當花太多的時間玩計算機游戲。 學習向別人提建議的幾

6、種句式： （1）I think you should （2）Well, you could （3）Maybe you should （4）Why dont you? （5）What about doing sth.? （6）Youd better do sth. 用should或shouldnt填空 1. I cant sleep the night before exams. You _ take a warm shower before you go to bed. 2. Good friends _ argue each other. 3. There is little milk in

7、 the glass. We _ buy some. 4. They didnt invite you? Maybe you _ be friendlier. 5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _ do exercises every day. 答案：1. should2. shouldnt3. should4. should5. should（三）過去進行時 過去進行時表示過去某一點時間正在進行的動作或者過去某一段時間內一直進行的動作。 1. 構成 was /were + doing，例如：I was watching TV at 9

8、 oclock last night. at 9 oclock last night是時間點 They were playing football all afternoon. all afternoon是時間段 2. 過去進行時的標志詞at 8 oclock last night, this time yesterday等。例如： I was having lunch at home this time yesterday. 昨天的這個時候我正在吃午飯。 At that time she was writing a book. 那陣子她在寫一本書。（表示她在那段時間里一直在做那件事情。）練習

9、用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空。 1. This time yesterday I _ _（read）books. 2. At 9 oclock last Sunday they _ _（have）a party. 3. When I _（come）into the classroom, she _ _（read）a storybook. 4. She _ _（play）computer games while her mother _ _（cook）yesterday afternoon. 5. I _ _（have）a shower when you _（call）me yesterday

10、. 答案：1. was reading2. were having3. came; was reading 4. was playing; was cooking 5. was having; called（四）間接引語形成步驟： （1）不要逗號，冒號，引號 （2）要考慮到人稱的變化（人稱的變化與漢語是一致的） （3）要考慮時態(tài)的變化 （4）要考慮時間狀語、地點狀語和語示代詞的變化。 1. 直接引語變成間接引語時，幾個主要時態(tài)的變化規(guī)律直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時 2. 直接引語變成間接引語時，一些詞匯的變化規(guī)律直接引語 1. am / is 2

11、. are 3. have / has4. will5. can6. may間接引語1. was2. were 3. had4. would5. could6. might練一練用括號中所給動詞的適當形式填空。 1. She said I _（be）hard-working. 2. Peter told me he _（be）bored yesterday. 3. She said she _（go）swimming last Sunday. 4. Bobby said he _（may）call me later. 5. Antonio told me he _（read）a book th

12、en. 答案：1. was2. was3. went4. might5. was reading請轉述他人說的話： 1. I go to the beach every Saturday. （Tom） 2. I can speak three languages. （Lucy） 3. I will call you tomorrow. （Mike） 4. Im having a surprise party for Lana. （she）（五）if引導的條件狀語從句結構：if一般現(xiàn)在時，主語將來 含義：如果，將要例如：If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你請

13、求他，他會幫助你。If need be, well work all night. 如果需要，我們就干個通宵。練一練 根據(jù)中文提示，完成句子。 1. 如果你參加聚會，你將會過得很開心。 If you _ the party, you _. 2. 如果明天下雨，我們將不去野餐。 If it _ tomorrow, we _. 3. 如果你經(jīng)常聽英文歌，你將會喜歡英語的。 If you often _, you _. 答案： 1. If you go to the party, you will have a good time 2. If it rains tomorrow, we wont g

14、o to the picnic 3. If you often listen to English songs, youll like English 二. 完形填空特點及解題思路（一）題型分類與特點 完形填空試題是在給出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干個詞，留下一些空格，要求考生借助短文保留的部分，從所給的短文整體出發(fā)，在正確理解短文意思的基礎上，根據(jù)句子和句子間的內在聯(lián)系、詞的用法和習慣搭配等，用適當?shù)脑~或詞語填空，使補全后的短文意思通順、前后連貫、結構完整。這種題型測試的內容從形式上看是單詞或短語的填空，但它必須注意到短文中上、下文意思連貫、詞語搭配和語法結構正確，所以在空格上所填的詞必須符

15、合語義適用和語法正確兩條原則，只考慮某一側面都可能導致錯誤。中考中完形填空試題的基本題型分兩類：完形填空選擇題和完形填空題。 1. 完形填空選擇題：該題型的特點是將一篇短文中若干詞語抽掉留下空格，對每一空格提供若干個選擇項，要求考生通讀短文后，在理解短文意思的基礎上，運用所學的詞匯、句型、語法等語言知識，從所提供的備選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文內容完整正確。中考完形填空主要以這種題型為主。它所給的短文一般與初中英語教材難易程度相當，字數(shù)在150200個單詞之內，多數(shù)設置10個左右空格，所設考點涉及詞匯、語法及對短文內容的理解。短文的第一句一般不設空，以期提供一個語境，對每一空格設置的選項基本

16、都屬于相同或對等的詞類，給判定選擇帶來一定的干擾，側重考查了考生準確運用詞匯的能力及對短文的整體理解和邏輯推理能力。 2. 選詞填空題：該題型的特點是把抽出的詞打亂順序，不按原文順序排列，放在短文前面或后面的方框內，有時還增加幾個文外的詞，要求考生從中選出適當?shù)脑~以正確的形式填入短文空格內。（A） Jack wanted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only learnt the phrase （短語）“have a day off”. He 2 , then he had an idea. “Grandmother is ill. May I have

17、 a day off, 3 ? ”he asked the teacher. “Of course, you can. ”replied （答復）the teacher at once. After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teachers door. “May I have a day off 5 ? ”The teacher was very surprised, “Didnt you 6 it just now? ”“Yes, sir. But I cant be here 7 , either. ”The teacher understood

18、 him and could not help 8 . Then he said with a smile, “Why didnt you sayMay I have two days off? ”The boy answered quickly 9 a loud voice. “But you only 10 ushave a day off! ”（ ）1. A. butB. andC. orD. for（ ）2. A. thought hardly B. thought hard and hard C. hard thought D. thought and thought（ ）3. A.

19、 MissB. sirC. teacherD. Mr（ ）4. A. strikeB. bestC. hitD. knock（ ）5. A. also B. againC. tooD. once（ ）6. A. speakB. tellC. sayD. do（ ）7. A. tomorrow B. the day after tomorrow C. yesterday D. the day before yesterday（ ）8. A. laughB. to laughC. laughedD. laughing（ ）9. A. withB. onC. inD. by（ ）10. A. tea

20、chB. taughtC. are teachingD. were teaching（B） 請根據(jù)內容從所給的15個單詞中選出最恰當?shù)?0個填入空白處，使短文完整，有些詞要根據(jù)需要作適當?shù)脑~形變化。than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love, composition, understand, to, that, much, for, what A generation gap （代溝）has become a serious problem. I read a _（1）about it in the newspaper. Some childr

21、en have killed _（2）after quarrels （爭吵）with parents. I think this is _（3）they dont have a good talk with each other. Parents now spend _（4）time in the office. _（5）they dont have much time to stay with their children. As time passes, they both feel _（6）they dont have the same topics（話題）to talk about.

22、I want to _（7）parents to be more with your children, get to know them and understand them. And for children, show your feeling _（8）your parents. They are the people who _（9）you. So tell them your thoughts （想法）. In this way, you can have a better _（10）of each other. 實戰(zhàn)操練（答題時間：80分鐘）一. 選擇填空。（ ）1. Beiji

23、ng won the chances _ the 2008 Olympics. A. to hostB. hostC. hostingD. hosted（ ）2. Tiger Woods can make billions _ dollars a year. A. forB. withC. ofD. on（ ）3. You looked so beautiful at the party. _. A. No, I dont think so B. Of course C. Thank you very much D. No, Im not beautiful（ ）4. The text is

24、very easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little（ ）5. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper _ “Who Moved My cheese”was an interesting book. A. thatB. whatC. howD. if（ ）6. In our English study reading is more interesting than speaking, I think. I dont agree.

25、 Speaking is _ reading. A. as important asB. so important as C. the more importantD. the most important（ ）7. If he _ harder, hell catch up with us. A. workB. worksC. workedD. will work（ ）8. The manager _ that the business would be worse after the stock （股票）went down. A. talkedB. toldC. said D. spoke

26、（ ）9. We should keep _ in the reading-room. A. quietB. quietlyC. quiteD. quickly（ ）10. I think everything goes on well. _. A. So I doB. I do so C. So do I D. So is I （ ）11. If you want to watch TV, you may turn _. A. downB. it onC. on itD. it off（ ）12. Im sorry I havent got any money. Ive _ my handb

27、ag at home. A. missedB. leftC. putD. forgotten（ ）13. He is listening to the music _ she is washing clothes. A. afterB. beforeC. thatD. while（ ）14. It takes _ time to go to Beijing by plane than by train. A. moreB. fewerC. longerD. less（ ）15. Excuse me. Have you got an eraser? Sorry, I havent. Why _

28、you ask Mary? Perhaps shes got one. A. doB. dontC. didD. didnt二. 選擇恰當?shù)拇鹫Z。_1. What were you doing when the UFO landed? A. Your teacher wont let you in. _2. Will people use paper money in the future? B. He said I couldnt stay out late. _3. I cant sleep, what should I do? C. I was doing my homework. _4

29、. If I wear jeans to school, what will happen? D. No, they wont. Everyone , will have a credit card._5. What did your father say? E. You should listen to some relaxing music. 三. 根據(jù)漢語提示填空： 1. 不知道該怎么辦，你能給我點建議嗎？ I dont know _ to do, can you give me some _? 2. 外星人正在買紀念品的時候，我給警察打了個電話。 While the alien was

30、 _ a souvenir, I _ the police. 3. 我放學回家的路上，看見一只貓從窗戶里跑了出來。 On my way home from school, I saw a cat get _ _ a window. 4. 我不想在電話里跟你談論這件事情。 I dont want to talk _ it with you _ the phone. 5. 我們要在周五晚上為約翰舉辦一個驚喜的晚會。 We are going to have a _ party for John _ Friday evening. 四. 完形填空： 把下面五個句子放在文章中的恰當位置，使文章完整。

31、Three men went up in a balloon（氣球）. They started early in London. The headman was Ted, and the other two men were Davy and Emilio. 1 Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope （繩子）, and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal b

32、ox. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So 2 . It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand. After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and 3 . The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the mens basket, and they could see mor

33、e snow on the ground. 4 , but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice. At last they pulled the bo

34、x into the basket. It was still snowing; so 5 . They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometres from London! A. The men tried to throw out some more sand B. they were able

35、to change its weight （重量）C. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way. D. they climbed to get away from the snow E. the air there was very cold 五. 閱讀理解（A）Einstein Was Waiting for His Friend Once Einstein was waiting for one of his friends on a bridge. He was thinking a oblem. While h

36、e was waiting, it began to rain. The rain kept on for some time. When Einstein took out a piece of paper from his pocket to write something down, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. His clothes had become wet. But after he put the paper into his pocket, he forgot he was standing

37、in the rain again. Many scientists are not careful with their lives. This is because they are too careful with their studies. 1. What did Einstein do? He was _. A. a doctorB. a teacherC. a scientist 2. Why was Einstein on a bridge. A. Because he was writing something on the bridge. B. Because he was

38、 waiting for a friend. C. Because he was thinking. 3. It rained _. A. sometimesB. for some timeC. for a long time 4. Einstein _ and began to write something on it. A. bought a piece of paper. B. took a piece of paper from his car. C. took out a piece of paper from his pocket. 5. Which is true? A. Ei

39、nstein was careful with his work. B. Einstein was careful with his clothes. C. Einstein was careful with his friends. （B） 生活中總會有許多意外事故發(fā)生，懂得急救或自救是非常重要的。請閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)15小題所描述的救護方法，從A-G七幅圖中找出與題意相應的圖畫（本題共有七幅圖，你只能選五幅圖，多選不給分。） 1. If the person has stopped breathing, you must try to start his / her breathing a

40、t once. The best thing is to use the mouth-to-mouth way. Lay the person on his / her back and breathe into his / her mouth. 2. If the person is bleeding （流血）badly, you must try to stop the bleeding. Press on the bleeding point with a piece of clean cloth and hold up the part of the body which is ble

41、eding. 3. If you are bitten （cut by teeth）by an animal, wash the cut under cold running water. Cover the broken part, if there is any, with a piece of clean cloth. Then see a doctor as soon as possible. 4. If you are burnt （hurt by fire or something very hot）, cool the burnt part at once. Run cool （

42、not cold）water over the burn until it is less painful. Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burnt part. 5. If there is a fire, never use a lift in the building, because its very dangerous. The lift may get trapped between floors. Use the stairs and leave the building at once. 1. _2. _3. _4.

43、_5. _Here are some pictures to choose. 六. 寫作：（從下列2封來信中選擇一封寫回信。）Dear friend, There will be a party this weekend. All my friends are invited to the party except me. I am angry. And I dont know why they didnt invite me! What do you think? Can you help me? UpsetDear friend, I am a new student in Grade O

44、ne, but my English is too bad. Yesterday I had an English test and my grade was just so so. I want to improve my English. What should I do? Could you give me some advice? Looking for helpDear _, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 【試題答案】（A）1. A2. D3. B4. D5. B 6. C7. B8. D9. C10. B（B）1. report2. themselves3. because 4. much / more5. So6. that7. tell