重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)

1、重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 現(xiàn)在完成時o Since, ever since, recently, just, of late, so far, up to now, by now, in/over the past / last five years, for two hours, the first / best/worst /onlyo This is the first time that I have ever been abroad at all.o This is the best film that Ive ever seen.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Over the years hes beco

2、me more and more patient.o This is the only English book Ive ever bought.o 現(xiàn)在完成進行時o Youve been sweating all over. What have you been doing?o The company has been promising a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 一般將來時o If, so long as, on condition that, provided / providing t

3、hat; when, as soon as, the moment, directly, in caseo I will lend you the money on condition that you pay it back in one month.o I shall take you back to France directly you are well enough to travel.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Take your raincoat in case it rains.o You can go out as long as you promise to be back befor

4、e 11 oclock.o Well visit Europe next year, provided / providing we have the money.o Turn on the television or open a magazine and you will often see advertisements showing happy, balanced families. 重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television

5、 will replace the newspaper completely.o 過去完成時o When, as soon as, before, after, until, now thato When I arrived, Ann had just left.o Up till then we had only covered half the distance.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o The showed us the new machine tools they had turned out.o Hardly had he arrived when she started complainin

6、g.o 過去完成進行時o At last they got the telegram they had been expecting.o It had been raining for two days. The fields were all under water.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 一般過去將來時o The time was not far off when he would regret this decision. (非時狀)o He didnt expect that we should/would regret this decision.o Whenever he had time

7、, he would help the peasants with their work in the fields.o I decided to go to the library as soon as I finished what I was doing.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 過去將來完成時o She hoped we would have got the plan ready before she came back.o He decided to wait until they had got everything ready.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 真理：o Our teacher says/s

8、aid that the earth moves round the sun.o 不用進行時：o be, have, possess, belong to, know, understand, believe, like, love, remember, forget, equal, consist of, seem, appearo You are being clever.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 明確過去的時間狀語o The UN was founded in 1945.o 照應：o * I knew that John does it.o 主謂一致主謂一致o 集合名詞：family, group

9、, committee, army, audience, class, club, enemy, crew, staff, jury, public, team, flock, heard, swarm, majority, minority重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 永遠復數(shù)：cattle, militia, police, personnelo 度量衡o Three years in a strange land seems like a long time.o Three years have elapsed since he died.o One thousand dollars is not e

10、nough for the project.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o As well as, along with, together with, accompanied by, as much as, no less than (正如正如), besides, in addition to, except, but, and not + N. o He as much as us is responsible for it. o Still, everyone knows that he, as much as Mr. Khairy, sees his destiny as Prime Ministe

11、r of Malaysia. 重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Unemployment as well as taxes influences votes.o The fisherman together with his tow sons always catches a lot of fish.o The minister and not his secretary is responsible for the present situation.o 不定式短語，動名詞短語名詞性從句做主語：單數(shù)o To become doctors is their greatest ambition.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o T

12、hat you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.o How close parents are to their children has a strong influence on the character of their children.o Every, each, neither, either, many a, more than one 修飾：單數(shù)o Every knife, fork, and spoon has to be counted.o They each have a

13、 book.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Neither of the brothers has left school.o Many a ship has been wrecked on those rocks.o Many a boy and many a girl has handed in his homework.o More than one person was injured in the accident.o A lot of, most of, all of, any of, some of, half of, two thirds of, part of, the rest of:與其

14、后名詞一致o Most of the book is good.o Most of the books are in English.o The rest of the class were against the plan.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o A number of, the number ofo A number of the students _ late for class this morning.o The number of students present at the meeting _ 200.o 專名o The United Nations was founded in 19

15、45.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 靠近原則靠近原則o Or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbuto Neither criticism nor praise affects him.o Either he or you are responsible for the failure.o Not only the students but also the teacher is to be questioned.o Not you but I am to blame.o Are you or he going to do it?重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o One

16、 of the, the only one of o Jack is one of those persons who always think they are right.o He is the only one of those who was willing to help.o ando Bread and butter, law and order, cup and saucer, the editor and publisher, work and no play 重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 名詞o News, information, furniture, advice, evidence,

17、 work, cloth, money, equipment, progress, wealth, weather, luggage, rubbish, scenery, traffic, knowledge, room, space, clothing, wood, money, mail, bread, paper, glass, courage, bravery, health, luck, mathematics, economics, politics, physics, statistics, mechanics, genetics, biology, geography, phi

18、losophy, chemistry重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Phenomenonphenomena, criterioncriteria, datum-data, mediummedia, stratumstrata, bacteriumbacteria, thesistheses, basisbases, analysisanalyses, crisiscrises, diagnosisdiagnoses, formulaformulae / formulaso Clothes, goods: 永遠復數(shù)o Clothing, machinery, merhandise, produce, poetr

19、y, jewelry: 永遠單數(shù)重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 所有格o My sister-in-laws friendo A friend of my sister-in-lawso Three quarters of an hour or sos drive from homeo 成語o Get a birds eye view of the city, take a good nights rest, without a moments sleep, in my minds eye, by a hairs breadth, within a stones throw, at arms length,

20、out of harms way, at ones wits end / at ones wits end, to ones hearts content重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 名詞作定語o A stone wall, a stony heart, a wall newspaper, evening news, passenger traino A three-year-old boy, o The governments largest building, the worlds highest mountain重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 虛擬o It is + adj. + that o necessary,

21、important, vital, essential, imperative, urgent, appropriate, preferable, natural, strange, amazing, desirable, advisable, incredibleo It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once.o It is important that we (should) unite with all that can be united in the struggle.o It was essential that t

22、he application forms be sent back before the deadline.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o It is highly desirable that every effort be made to reduce expenditure.o It was arranged that they leave the following week.o It is requested that John (should) give a performance at the party.o It is a great pity that he should be so con

23、ceited.o It is a burning shame that little children should have to beg in the street.o The president is strongly desirous that you should attend the meeting.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Its high time that we went to bed.o I wish I were as strong as you.o I wished he would try again.o She sincerely wished that she might

24、do something to comfort him.o I wish I had paid more attention to my pronunciation.o Monica wished she hadnt come.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Would rather that, would sooner, would as soono I would rather you didnt take those important documents with you.o I could go myself but I would sooner you went.o I would just as

25、 soon you didnt go there.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o If onlyo If only he knew how we miss him!o If I could only see him!o If only the letter had arrived in time!o As if, as thougho It seems as if it was/were spring already.o The trees looked as if it hadnt been watered for a long time.o It looks as if its going to rain

26、.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 虛擬條件句o 現(xiàn)在o If I had the time, I would certainly go.o If I were you, I would reconsider their proposal.o Suppose/supposing, provided / providing, what if一般用陳述語氣重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 將來o If I were to / should do it, I would do it in a different way.o 過去o If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught

27、the train.o Had we made adequate preparations, we might have succeeded.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Should there be a flood, what should we do?o Were it not for their assistance, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.o We could have done better under more favorable conditions.o This change could not have taken place

28、 without a solid industrial foundation.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o He would have helped you, but he was so busy.o But for the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.o They would have resisted but that they lacked courage.o 如果不是缺乏勇氣她們會抵抗的o He must have had an incident, or he would have been here then

29、.o It was so quiet that you could have heard a pin drop.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Because we had no drugs that might have saved him, Dr. Bethune died of the disease.o The computer accomplished in an hour what it would have taken 1000 men a year to do.o It would be a mistake not to help him.o Only a fool would believe

30、 that.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o That would have been considered miraculous in the past.o A less brave man wouldnt have dared to work in the enemy headquarters.o Another person could not have done it.o Anybody in his position would have done the same.o Five minutes earlier, and we could have caught the last train.重要語法

31、結(jié)構(gòu)o 用（should +）動詞原形o Suggest, propose, recommend, order, demand, command, request, require, insist, desire, ask, urge, advise, move, determine, resolve, decide, prefer, vote, arrangeo We desire that the tour leader inform us immediately of any change in plans.o It is recommended that the project not

32、 be started until all the preparations have been made.o The doctor suggested that he not go there.o Presently he made the suggestion that they carry on their conversation in French.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Congress has decided that the present law be maintained.o My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggeste

33、d that he not go there.o They demanded that the aggressor troops (should) be withdrawn immediately.o They requested that we (should) be withdrawn immediately.o We prefer that the plan should be fully discussed before being put into execution.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Suggestion, proposal, recommendation, order, deman

34、d, request, requirement, insistence, desire, advice, motion, determination, resolution, decision, preference, arrangement, importanceo Everyone was tired, so Bill got up and made a motion that the meeting be adjourned.o It is of utmost importance that you be here on time.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o For fear that, lesto

35、 He burned all the important documents for fear that they should fall into the enemys hands.o I had to restrain him lest he should give us away.o Take your raincoat with you in case it rains / should rain.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 某些條件和讓步從句o So long as the volume hold together, I am not much troubled as to its outer

36、appearance.o Though everyone desert you, we will not.This, if the news be true, is a very serious matter.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o I was determined to walk all night, if need be, rather than seek refuge in one of those places.o Beyond the team and the work group, there is the organization, whether it be company or ho

37、spital or university.o Be a man ever so rich, he should not look down upon the poor.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 不定式o 主語o To die for the people is a glorious death.o It isnt right to gossip about others.o It will be a mistake for us not to help them.o It is kind of you to think so much of us.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Kind, good, nice, wi

38、se, unwise, clever, brave, silly, foolish, right, wrong, stupid, careless, considerate, polite, impolite, rude, naughty, thoughtfulo It is unusual for there to be no late comers.o 做賓語和賓補o He offered to help us.o I want you to do it.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 轉(zhuǎn)化o To die for the people is a glorious death.o I think to d

39、ie for the people is a glorious death.o I think it is a glorious death to die for the people.o I think it a glorious death to die for the people.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o There beo Prefer there to beo Want there to beo Wait for there to beo People expect there to be more discussions. =o People expect that there will

40、be more discussions.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o There beo There being nothing to do, we went home. 因為沒有什么事要辦，我們就回家了。 o There being nobody else at hand, I had to do it by myself.由于身邊沒有別人，我只得自己干了。 o I was wrong about there being some misunderstanding between us.認為我們之間有誤解是我的錯誤。 o I never dreamed of there being a picture o

41、n the wall.o Dont bet on there being a bigger fool than you. 重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Scientists have discovered 16 possible new planets deep in the Milky Way, which they say increases the chances of there being life elsewhere in the galaxy. o there to beo Would you like there to be a picture on the wall? o 你喜歡墻壁上掛一

42、張畫嗎？ 重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o We dont want there to be anyone lagging behind. o 我們不希望有任何一個人掉隊。 o I dont want there to be any misunderstanding between us.o 我不希望我們之間有什么誤會。 o We waited for there to be another opportunity.o 我們期待著還有下一次機會。 重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o It + be + adj. + for there to beo It is impossible for there to be any more

43、 chance. 不可能在有機會了。 o It was too late for there to be any buses. 時間太晚，不會有汽車了。 o For there to be successful communication， there must be attentiveness and involvement in the discussion itself by all present. 重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Its one thing to make a verbal agreement, but in order for there to be peace in the Mi

44、ddle East, we must see organizations such as Hamas dismantled, and then well have a chance for peace. o It be重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o It beo I dont think it is right to gossip about others. =o I dont think it right to gossip about others.o He was waiting for it to be time to take the medicine.o Despite it being the

45、worst military blunder in U.S history, the GOP sees Iraq war as campaign opportunity.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o After about 10 minutes of conversation, he looked at his watch, mumbled something about it being time, said he would return and strode purposefully out of the bar together with a huge French football scarf.o

46、 The suicide bomber was said to be a youth of about 21 who was loitering about that area in a rain coat - it being a rainy day - and was not taken much notice of.o I also felt closed in today and confined to one room, perhaps it was made worse with it being a rainy day.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o With it being a small

47、town, you know, everybody seems to know everybody, and everybody knows everybodys business. So the ability to hold a range of conversations with, you know, various types of people does help.o The idea of it being a “firing offense” is ludicrous, in my opinion.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o I do remember it being a big dea

48、l when I was little.o I havent driven from Whitworth straight to Blackburn, but I cant imagine it being a joyride even without taking someone to hospital who is seriously ill.o There was nothing to do but to wait for it to be time for me to go to Beverly Hills. 重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o for it to beo Im really curiou

49、s about what allowed for it to be a time in which a womens magazine or fashion magazine had more intellectual merit.o Im looking for it to be a time to come up with a system of play that works for us.o We believe that changes in the geopolitical and economic landscape over the past years have called

50、 for it to be time to make these relatively modest reductions, and we plan to achieve that goal. 重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o V. obj.+ to V.o Allow, permit, want, like, hate, get, cause, prefer, ask, choose, select, expect, tell, advise, persuade, love, wisho A sudden noise made Jack jump.o Jack was made to jump by a su

51、dden noise.o V. obj.+ V.o Make, let, have, see, notice, watch, hear, listen to重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Feel, observeo We felt the atmosphere grow tense / the plan to be unwise.o I have never observed him do otherwise.o The only thing that I observed to be without limit is the businessmans desire for business.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o

52、 只跟to be, to have作賓補：admit, declare, hold, find, think, prove, take (誤認為), assume, acknowledge, presume, discover, deny, perceiveo I declare his story to be true.o We have discovered him to be quite untrustworthy.o 只跟to be: believe, claim, consider, suppose, show, suspect, judge, know重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o They be

53、lieved these principles to be universally true.o I believe him to have done it.o I know this to be a fact.o I know him to have done it.o Knew, have known可以跟所有動詞的不定式o I never knew him (to) do anything without a good reason.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Have you ever known her (to) lose her temper?o They knew the man to ha

54、ve been a spy.o 不定式作定語o 動賓關(guān)系o Do you have anything more to say?o She has a lot of things to attend to.o Could you find someone for me to play tennis with.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 主謂關(guān)系o She was the first person to think of the idea.o We need someone to help with the typing.o They are always the first to bear hardship

55、s, the last to enjoy comforts.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 跟不定式的名詞o Need, time, way, right, chance, opportunity, movement, courage, reason, effort, drive (干勁)，ambition, campaigno They had no chance to go to school before liberation.o 動詞、形容詞、名詞重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Determination, decision, tendency, struggle, intention, desire, wish,

56、attempt, promise, plan, inclination, ability, anxiety, eagernesso You promised to write me regularly.o You havent kept your promise to write me regularly.o He was eager to get back to work.o His eagerness to get back to work was quite obvious.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 不定式作狀語o 表結(jié)果o We hurried to the station only to fi

57、nd that the train had left.o He made a speech only to show his ignorance of the subject.o They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own toes.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 表原因o Be Adj. + to doo Apt, anxious, angry, eager, ashamed, amazed, disappointed, annoyed, , careful, careless, bound, glad, sorry, sad, proud, kind,

58、ready, lucky, happy, liable, fortunate, unfortunate, willing, unwilling, wise, unwise, rude, content, impatient, fit, clever, right, wrong, foolish, stupid, polite, cruel, thoughtless, considerate, inconsiderate, pained, surprised, grieved, shocked, frightened, delighted, pleased, inclined, obliged.

59、重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o Im sorry to hear it.o We were surprised to find him there.o Everybody expected to be served at once and would feel annoyed to be asked to wait.o We all rejoiced to hear of your success.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o 表目的o So as, soas, in ordero The whole town turned out to welcome the hero.o She decided to work har

60、der in order / so as to catch up with the others.o Be so kind as to drop in sometime when you are free.重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)o To be qualified for the job, _.o A) a high school diploma is neededo B) it is required that one have a high school diplomao C) one needs a high school diplomao D) a diploma from high school