英語圖表作文

1、圖表作文（一）第一節(jié) 圖表作文的類型圖表作文可分為兩大類：表作文和圖作文。This is a pie chart of the average weekly expenditure of a family in Great Britain. As can be see from the chart, the main expenditure of an average British family is spent on food, which accounts for 25% of its total expenditure. The next two significant expendi

2、ng items are transport and housing, which are 15% and 12% respectively. If we take into account clothing and footwear, which makes up 10%, the four essentials of life, that is, food, transport, housing, and clothing and footwear, amount to 62% of the total expenditure.第二節(jié) 圖表作文的出題形式例1 題目：Changes in P

3、eoples Diet Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to :1. state the changes in peoples diet (飲食) in the past five years;2. give possible reasons for the changes;3. draw your own conclusions.You should quote

4、 as few figures as possible.例2 題目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton CityRemember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;2. Possible reason(s) for the decline of car accidents in the city;3. Your

5、 predictions of what will happen this year.Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.例3 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Countries. Your composition must be no less than 120

6、 words and you should base your composition on the following instructions (given in Chinese):1. 以下圖為依據(jù)描述發(fā)展中國家的期望壽命(life expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況2. 說明引起變化的各種原因從以上例子可見，圖表作文一般在題目中給出作文的標(biāo)題和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)表格、圓形圖、曲線圖或條形圖，有時(shí)還用英文或中文提綱的形式給出提示，要求我們：1)用文字描述圖表，客觀解釋圖表中所傳遞的信息，并找出某種規(guī)律或趨勢(shì);2)就圖表中所反映的某種趨勢(shì)或問題分析

7、其原因或后果。第三節(jié) 圖表作文的寫作要領(lǐng)圖表作文著重說明事實(shí)，常常是通過對(duì)圖表中所反映的具體數(shù)據(jù)的說明、分析、比較，對(duì)某種事物或現(xiàn)象的事實(shí)或變化情況等加以說明，并提出結(jié)論或看法。因此，圖表作文常常采用議論文體的寫作方法。寫好圖表作文，關(guān)鍵在于能否讀懂圖表中所提供的信息，把握各信息間的聯(lián)系，用準(zhǔn)確流暢的語言把這一信息表達(dá)出來，并就這一信息發(fā)表自己的看法。圖表作文的寫作步驟寫圖表作文時(shí)，要注意遵循以下步驟：1)認(rèn)真分析圖表的含義，弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關(guān)系;2)確定文章的主題思想，構(gòu)思出文章的基本框架，篩選出能說明圖表主題思想的典型數(shù)據(jù);3)編列文章的提綱;4)根據(jù)文章的提綱，將各段的

8、提綱內(nèi)容擴(kuò)展成段落，然后將各個(gè)段落組成文章，注意段與段之間的銜接與過渡;5)檢查與修改。圖表作文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)寫圖表作文時(shí)，常采用三段式的謀篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)變化反映什么問題或趨勢(shì)，概述圖表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成這一問題或趨勢(shì)的原因。第三段則展望未來的情況或提出解決問題的辦法或建議。這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以簡(jiǎn)單地表述為：第一段：概述圖表反映的主題思想第二段：分析產(chǎn)生的原因第三段：展望未來或提出方法或建議下面是根據(jù)例2的題目要求寫的范文。From the graph, we can see that the number of car accidents in Walton city

9、 fluctuated during the year of 1990. The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend. The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June. From June on, the rate was rising again and reached the peak point 39 in August. After August the rate began to decline remarkably, and eventually droppe

10、d to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year. Therefore, its obvious that car accident in Walton city declined in 1990.主題句/概述表格反映的內(nèi)容(5)反映交通事故的變化情況(6)小結(jié)：總結(jié)表格數(shù)據(jù)反映的總趨勢(shì)There are several reasons for the decline. First, a new traffic law was made and came into force. It provided that in summer every ca

11、r must be air-conditioned. As a result, the highest rate in August, when humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient and easily lead to car accidents, dropped steadily. Second, new roads were built and some narrow streets were widened, which quickened the flow of traffic. Finally, the city

12、administration made great efforts to heighten peoples awareness of observing traffic rules.主題句原因/措施一解釋措施一/次要輔助采取措施一后的結(jié)果原因/措施二原因/措施三With all these new measures, Im sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city will go on falling this year.總結(jié)：展望未來的情況第四節(jié)、 圖表作文練習(xí)及其參考范文下面是寫作練習(xí)，在寫作的過程中注意審題，考慮文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、采用的擴(kuò)展方法

13、、開頭的結(jié)尾的方法以及文章中的過渡等。練習(xí)1：Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition of no less than 120 words on Changes in Peoples Diet. Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to:1. sta

14、te the changes in peoples diet (飲食) in the past five years;2. give possible reasons for the changes;3. draw your own conclusions.You should quote as few figures as possible.As is shown in the table, there have been great changes in people's diet between 1986 and 1990. From the table, we can find

15、 that grain, formerly the main food of most Chinese people, is now playing a less important role in people's diet. And the same goes for fruit and vegetables. On the other hand, the consumption of high-nutrition food such milk and meat has increased rapidly.What has caused these changes? There a

16、re mainly three reasons (主題句). (6) First, people are much wealthier than before. (7) With higher income, they can afford to buy nutritious foods. (8) Second, people have realized the importance of a balanced diet to their health. (9) Lack of certain amount of meat or milk, for example, will result i

17、n poor health. (10) Finally, owing to the economic reform, meat and milk, which were scarce in the past, are produced in large quantities.(11) Although milk and meat are important to one's health, eating too much rich food may result in obesity and may other diseases. (12)Therefore, people shoul

18、d not only eat a lot of milk and meat, but also enough grain, fruit and vegetable for the sake of their health.圖表作文（三）作文1 【段落類型分析】第一段               第二段              第三段圖畫

19、/圖表描述段       原因闡釋段          建議措施段【參考范文一】From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth of human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from o

20、ur planet.There are numerous reasons accounting for the phenomenon and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to

21、 other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Consequently, the natural balance and t

22、he ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct.In order to protect the wildlife, I have some suggestions. First, the governments should make laws to prevent them from being caught and killed. Second, the g

23、overnments should educate people to love nature and protect it. Third, as for ourselves, we should take practical actions to protect our living environment. (210 words)【參考范文三】As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that with the rapid growth of U.S. population from 1800 to 1990, the number of it

24、s wildlife species no longer existing soared during the same period. Naturally, we can draw the conclusion that the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from the population growth.Several reasons may account for this phenomenon. To begin with, as the population grows, people consume much more

25、natural resources. Second, with the increase of human activities, modern people take up more and more space which exerts a great influence on other species. Finally, the problem of pollution becomes more and more serious with the development of modern industry. More and more animals have to adapt th

26、emselves to the decaying environment or move to a totally different place, but not all of them are fortunate enough to survive the changes.Solving this problem calls for, above all, the governments efforts to control population growth, to decrease industrial pollution and to enhance the laws to forb

27、id wildlife hunting. Moreover, common citizens should be aware of this ecological crisis and take on the responsibility of wildlife protection. In a word, only when the government and the common people make joint efforts can we hope to find a satisfactory solution to this problem. (216 words)作文4 The

28、 table below gives information about changes in modes of travel in England between 1985 and 2000.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. 范文1The table indicates the number of miles by the average English person in 1985 and 2000

29、, using various means of transport.The number of miles walked, cycled and travelled by local bus all decreased. Of these, the number of miles travelled by local bus decreased the most, from 429 miles in 1985 to 274 miles in 2000.The number of miles travelled by car, long distance bus, train and taxi

30、 all increased. The number of miles driven by car was 3,199 in 1985 and rose by 50% to 4,806 in 2000. The number of miles travelled by long distance bus more than doubled from 54 miles (1985)to 124 miles (2000). The number of miles driven by taxi trebled from 13 miles (1985) to 42 miles (2000). The

31、use of other, unspecified, forms of transport also increased.Overall, the number of miles travelled by the average English person rose from 4,740 miles in 1985 to 6,475 miles in 2000, with the increase of cars accounting for almost all of that increase. (173 words)范文2The table demonstrates how diffe

32、rent modes of travel changed in England in 15 years spanning from 1985 to 2000. In general, the modes are classified into two kinds in terms of average miles travelled per person per year: one enjoyed rising popularity while the other decreasing.The travel modes which gained popularity in the period

33、 included cars, long distance buses, trains, taxis and others. Cars remained top among the modes in the 15 years, with its average miles increasing considerably from 3,199 in 1985 to 4,806 in 2000. Long distance buses and taxis seemed to be warmly welcomed by travelers, so average miles travelled in

34、 the two modes almost tripled.Travels by walking, bicycles and local buses lost travelers favor in the one and a half decade. Average travelling distance by local buses suffered the biggest decrease, dropping from 429 to 274, whilst the number of miles by walking and bikes fell mildly from 255 to 23

35、7 and from 51 to 41 respectively. Despite the decreases, however, the total miles travelled grew from 4,740 to 6,475.In brief, the total travelling distance in the country grew in 15 years when cars, long distance buses, trains, taxis and other modes of travel were more popular and walking, bicyclin

36、g and local transportation less popular. (212 words)作文5 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 100 words on Income Sources between Chinese and American Students. Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the in for

37、mation given in the table. Write three paragraphs to: 1. Describe the differences of the income sources between Chinese and American students. 2. Analyze possible reasons for these differences. 3. Predicate future tendency. Source of income Percentage of Total Income_Parents Part-time job Fellowship

38、 or Scholarship American students 50% 35% 15% Chinese students 90% 5% 5% _范文: Income Sources Between Chinese Students and American StudentsIncome sources of Chinese students are quite different from those of American students. In China, students get 90% of their money from their parents while in Ame

39、rica, only 50% of students money is provided by parents. In addition, Chinese students earn only 5% of their money from part time jobs and 5% from fellowship or scholarship while income from these two resources for American students takes up 35% and 15% respectively of their total income. I think th

40、ere are probably three reasons for their differences. First, because of the influence of different social and family values, Chinese students have formed the habit of asking for money from their parents while American students have developed more sense of being financially independent. Second, most

41、Chinese parents devote too much care to their children and they would rather save up to afford their childrens education rather than encourage them to take part-time jobs. But in America, many parents pay more attention to developing the students ability of self-reliance, so they encourage their chi

42、ldren to find part-time job to earn some money by themselves. Third, since America is more developed than China, it is relatively easy for students to find part-time jobs. In China, such opportunities are rather rare. I believe with the development of China, more and more Chinese students will reali

43、ze and pay more attention to the necessity of self-dependence. In addition, more and more opportunities will be provided for them to take part-time jobs. So more students will go out of the ivory tower to broaden their knowledge and to become the master of their own lives. 作文6 For this part, you are

44、 allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:1.上圖所示為1990年、1995年、2000年某大學(xué)生使用計(jì)算機(jī)的情況，請(qǐng)描述其變化；2.請(qǐng)說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因(可從計(jì)算機(jī)的用途、價(jià)格或社會(huì)發(fā)展等方面加以說明)；3.你認(rèn)為目前大學(xué)生在計(jì)算機(jī)使用中有什么困難或問題

45、。 范文: Student Use of ComputerSince 1990, there has been tremendous growth in the use of computers by students. While in 1990, the average number of hours a student spent on the computer was about one hour per week, this number grew to nearly four hours per week by 1995, and to approximately 20 hours

46、 per week by the year 2000. This significant growth in the use of computers by students in the 1990s can be attributed to several factors, including widespread usage, lower prices, and technological and social developments. Nowadays, computers are widely used by students for word processing, book ke

47、eping, multimedia presentations, and access to the Internet for both research and communications. Additionally, since 1990, due to competition and technological advances, computer hardware and software prices, as well as Internet usage charges have dropped significantly. Finally, technological devel

48、opments and changes in social habits in the 1990s have played a major role in this tremendous growth in the use of computers. Todays society relies heavily on computers for immediate access to the news and for entertainment, including, listening to music, watching movies and sport events, and playin

49、g computer games. While computers are of great assistance to the students, and therefore, are indispensable tools, they also pose some challenges. The biggest challenge that many students face is discipline in the use of this powerful device. That is, students need to have the discipline of not allo

50、wing themselves to be lured by the entertaining aspects of this wonderful toolaspects that can result in addiction to computer games or viewing of undesirable material on the Internet. That is to say, students need to use this powerful tool with great wisdom! 作文7The graphs below show the age structu

51、re of a European country from 1901 to 1981 and a prediction for 2021. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should write at least 150 words.  Sample AnswerThe graphs compare the population makeup of one European country

52、every forty years from 1901 to 1981, and the estimated number in 2021. There was a huge increase in the number of people in this country from 38,225,000 in 1901 to 67,180,000 eighty years later, and this upward trend is expected to last through to the year 2021, when the population is estimated at 8

53、7,658,000, more than double the 1901 figure.In 1901 and 1941, the population structure in this country was completely the same, with an overwhelming majority of its population (95%) below 65, 4% between 65 and 85 and only 1% over 85 years old.However, the year 1981 saw a sharp increase in the percen

54、tage of the elderly. Altogether, they made up 17% of the total population, whereas the projection for the year 2021 shows that they will continue to grow but less dramatically to 20% of the total population (15% for 65-85-year-olds and 5% for over-85-year-olds). In summary, changes are taking place

55、not only in the number of people but also in the ages of the people who make up the population in this European country, indicating it is advancing into an aging society.Study the following table carefully and write an essay in which you should:1. Describe the table, 2. Suggest possible solutions to

56、 the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in China.You should write 160200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.國家大學(xué)年平均學(xué)費(fèi)國民人均年收入比值美國4，700美元35，000美元1/8英國1，500英鎊15，000英鎊1/10中國7，500元7，500元1審題：在審題的環(huán)節(jié)中，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)將讀圖表（圖畫）和看提綱有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來。有的時(shí)候，提綱中會(huì)把文章的主題直接給出來，這時(shí)我們文章的整體布局就會(huì)容易得多。在這道題的提綱中，就出現(xiàn)了“中國大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)負(fù)擔(dān)沉重的問題”的字樣，這

57、就是該文的主題，我們的文章應(yīng)該圍繞它展開。Sample:From the above table we can see that in America and Britain the ratio of average annual tuition of universities to gross national income per capita is about 1 to 10, but astonishingly that in China is 1. That is to say, the burden of university tuition on Chinese families

58、 is nearly ten times heavier than that on American or British families. As a matter of fact, most Chinese families feel it difficult to afford the high tuition of their children, and some absolutely cannot afford it, which has received more and more concern from all over the country.In order to solve this problem, I strongly suggest the following solutions. First and foremost, it is a must to reduce the cost of