初中英語定語從句公開課ppt課件

1、 概念概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞 的句子的句子. (Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.描畫詞作定語描畫詞作定語句子作定語句子作定語,修飾修飾girl, 叫做定語從句叫做定語從句1.The man is a farmer.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子合并句子: : The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.Mary is a girl.M

2、ary has long hair.合并為一個句子合并為一個句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞定語從句定語從句Mary is a girl who has long hair.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞which, who, whom, whose, thatWhere, when 定語從句的用法定語從句的用法: :領(lǐng)先行詞是物時領(lǐng)先行詞是物時, , 用用which which 或或thatthat引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo). .These are the trees which were planted last year.領(lǐng)先行詞是人時領(lǐng)先行

3、詞是人時, , 用用who, whom,who, whom, whose, that whose, that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo). .who, whom, whose, that用法區(qū)別用法區(qū)別.who 作定語從句的主語或賓語作定語從句的主語或賓語. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主語作主語Whom 作定語從句的賓語作定語從句的賓語 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a t

4、eacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作賓語作賓語whose 作定語從句的定語作定語從句的定語. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定語作定語that 可以作定語從句的主語和賓語可以作定語從句的主語和賓語.留意留意: : 關(guān)系代詞作動詞賓語關(guān)系代詞作動詞賓語時可時可 省略省略. . The woman (whom/ that) they wanted t

5、o visit is a teacher.以下情況只能用以下情況只能用that1.1.當(dāng)序數(shù)詞或描畫詞最高級修飾先當(dāng)序數(shù)詞或描畫詞最高級修飾先行詞時。行詞時。 eg. Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.2. 領(lǐng)先行詞是指物的領(lǐng)先行詞是指物的 little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,the one, everything, 等不定代詞時。等不定代詞時。 eg. Everything we saw in the film was OK.eg. All that I

6、can do has been done. 3.領(lǐng)先行詞被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修飾時 eg. I have eaten all the food that is left.4. 領(lǐng)先行詞是There be 句型中的主語且指物時。 eg. There is little work that is fit for you. 沒有什么任務(wù)適宜他做。5.領(lǐng)先行詞同時包括人或物時。 eg. We often talk about the people and the things that we are interested in. 我們經(jīng)常議論我們感興趣的

7、人或事。6.當(dāng)主句是who或which時。 eg. Who is the girl that has black long hair? eg .Which is the pen that you bought?7.領(lǐng)先行詞作主句的表語時。eg .China is not the country that used to. 中國不再是過去那樣的國家。eg .Its a sunny day that we are longing for. 這就是我們所盼望的晴天。8.領(lǐng)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last等修飾時。eg. This is the ve

8、ry beautiful girl that Im looking for. 這正是我不斷在尋覓的美麗女孩.eg. Thats the only thing that I can do now.eg. You are the last person that I meet here. 他是我在這兒遇見的最后一個人。1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.

9、2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.All _ we c

10、an do is to study hard.9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat1.這就是救了那個孩子命的醫(yī)生這就是救了那個孩子命的醫(yī)生.This is the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那個人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那個人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3. 我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂. I like the music that I can sing along with.4. 住在隔壁的那個女

11、的是一名教師住在隔壁的那個女的是一名教師. The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 修飾物體時關(guān)系代詞that和 which的區(qū)分 運(yùn)用that的情況： 1、領(lǐng)先行詞是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代詞時。 eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2、領(lǐng)先行詞被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修飾時。 eg. I have some books that are very good.

12、 3、領(lǐng)先行詞被描畫詞最高級、序數(shù)詞所修飾時。 eg. This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4、領(lǐng)先行詞被the very, the last, the next, the only 等詞修飾時。 eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday. 5、領(lǐng)先行詞又有人又有物時。 eg. I wont forget the things and the persons that I saw.只能運(yùn)用which

13、的情況。 1、非限制性定語從句中。 eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious. 2、在介詞之后。 eg. This is a house in which lives an old man. 3、當(dāng)主句中的主語被that修飾時。 eg. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary. 修飾人時關(guān)系代詞that 和who, whom的區(qū)分。 當(dāng)主句中的主語是who時，只能用that。 eg. Who is the girl that is standing over there? 在非限制性

14、定語從句中以及介詞后面時只能用who 或者whom。 eg. I have a son, who is really lovely and interesting. There are 40 students in the class, most of whom are boys. 關(guān)系代詞whose既能修飾人，也能修飾物，在定語從句中充任定語，修飾先行詞。 eg. She is the girl whose English sounds very beautiful. Mary has a very good dog, whose hair turns out white and black

15、. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的用法以及與關(guān)系代詞的的用法以及與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)分。區(qū)分。 關(guān)系副詞在定語從句當(dāng)中只能充任狀語，當(dāng)一個句關(guān)系副詞在定語從句當(dāng)中只能充任狀語，當(dāng)一個句子可以完好地表達(dá)一個意思時，我們就可以給這個子可以完好地表達(dá)一個意思時，我們就可以給這個句子加上特定的關(guān)系副詞。句子加上特定的關(guān)系副詞。 eg. I wont forget the time when I got married. Have you still remember the days when we stayed together? This is the place where we

16、had a good time. Is this the house where Mr Smith lives? I dont know the reason why he wont join us. Do you know the reason why he didnt come to sweep the classroom?關(guān)系副詞when, where和關(guān)系代詞that, which的區(qū)分。同樣是修飾一個地點(diǎn)，有時運(yùn)用where，有時運(yùn)用that/which；同樣是修飾一個時間，有時運(yùn)用when， 有時運(yùn)用that/which。這主要看兩點(diǎn)：一是定語從句能否完好；二是定語從句中的謂語動詞

17、能否是一個及物動詞。請比較以下句子： This is the park that we visited last year. This is the park where we held a birthday party. She wont forget the days that she spent on the island. She wont forget the days when they stayed together. Thats the date when we went to the college. Thats the date that she wont forget f

18、or ever. I like the time when we lived together. I like the time that we had together.關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 和介詞+which之間的關(guān)系。關(guān)系副詞when, where, why可以用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which來替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which介詞的位置非常靈敏，有時放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時放在動詞之后。 eg. 1. I wont forget the date when( on which) I was

19、 born. 2. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in. 3. I dont know the reason why (for which) he havent come today. 4. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. Consolidation exercises. Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns

20、. 1. This is the only book _ I got last year. 2. Is this the book in _ you are interested? 3. This is the largest animal _ Tom saw in the zoo. 4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ exist (存在)in the mother school. 5. All the desks _ are bought look really wonderful. 6. Do you have any money

21、 _is used to build the factory? 7. Tom has a toy, _ was given by his father. 8. This is the second watch _ my father bought for me. Exercises : Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns and adverbs. 1. Is this the room _ you cleaned last time? 2. Is this the room _ we lived before? 3. Th

22、is is the garden _ they stayed for a night. 4. This is the garden _ they visited last time. 5. Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home. 6. Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him last day. 7. She still remembers the year _ she found her first job. 8. She still remembers the year _ she spent in J

23、ining.thatwherewherethatwhenthatwhenthat Exercises : Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns and adverbs. 1. Is this the room _ you cleaned last time? 2. Is this the room _ we lived before? 3. This is the garden _ they stayed for a night. 4. This is the garden _ they visited last time. 5. Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home. 6. Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him last day. 7. She still remembers the year _ she