無組織排放廢氣量的計算-無組織排放是指無集中式排放口的一種排放

1、無組織排放廢氣量的計算無組織排放是指無集中式排放口的一種排放形式。這種形式的排放量計算與集中式排放計算是不同的，現(xiàn)加以介紹。1.有害物質(zhì)敞露存放的散發(fā)量計算有害物質(zhì)敞露存放時，由于蒸發(fā)作用，不斷地向周圍空間散發(fā)出有害氣體和蒸氣，其散發(fā)量可用下列公式計算：Gs=(5.38+4.1V)PHFM)(0.5式中，Gs有害物質(zhì)的散發(fā)量，g/h；V車間或室內(nèi)風(fēng)速，m/s;PH有害物質(zhì)在室溫時的飽和蒸氣壓力，mmHg;F有害物質(zhì)的敞露面積，m2;M有害物質(zhì)的分子量；5.38、4.1常數(shù)。由物理化學(xué)可知，各種物質(zhì)的飽和蒸氣壓力隨溫度而改變，它們之間的關(guān)系如下：lgPH=(-0.05223A/T)+B式中，T有

2、害物質(zhì)的絕對溫度，K;A、B常數(shù)，可從一般的物理化學(xué)手冊中查取，表5-144列出了常見有害物質(zhì)的A、B值。表5-144常見有害物質(zhì)A、B值物質(zhì)名稱分子式ABC6H6CH4CH3OH苯甲烷甲醇醋酸甲酯四CH3COOCH3CCl434172851639324796268638802氯化碳甲苯醋酸乙酯乙醇C6H5CH3461503391439193871580048330乙醛CH3COOC2H5511032302546774901077209135C2H5OHC2H5OC2H52.液體（除水以外）蒸發(fā)量的計算本計算方法適用于硫酸、硝酸、鹽酸等酸洗工藝中的酸液蒸發(fā)量的計算,其計算公式如下：Gz=M（0

3、.000352+0.000786V）PF式中，Gz液體的蒸發(fā)量，kg/h;M液體的分子量；V蒸發(fā)液體表面上的空氣流速，m/s,以實測數(shù)據(jù)為準(zhǔn)，無條件實測時，可查表5-145,一般可取0.2-0.5;P相應(yīng)于液體溫度下的空氣中的蒸氣分壓力，mmHg。當(dāng)液體濃度（重量）低于10%時，可用水溶液的飽和蒸氣壓代替，查表5-146;當(dāng)液體重量濃度高于10%時，可查表5-147、5-148、5-149、5-150。F液體蒸發(fā)面的表面積，m3。表5-145槽邊排風(fēng)工藝槽產(chǎn)生有害氣體計算參數(shù)上2槽名稱溶液名稱主要成分含量（g/L）溶液溫度（C）液面風(fēng)速（m/s）硫酸浸蝕硫酸50-25040-800.35鹽酸浸

4、蝕鹽酸150-36010-350.30硝酸浸蝕硝酸40%-80%室溫0.40銅及銅合金在硝酸和硫硝酸10%-50%室溫0.40酸中浸蝕硫酸40%-60%0.40硫酸75%室溫0.40鑄件浸蝕氫氟酸25%混酸浸蝕硝酸20%室溫0.40氫氟酸30%混酸浸蝕硝酸50-100室溫0.35鹽酸150-200磷酸浸蝕80-12060-80裝飾鍍銘銘酎250-36040-500.40硫酸2.5-3.5鍍硬銘銘酎180-25055-600.50硫酸1.8-2.5鍍鋁錫合金硼氟酸60-100室溫硼氟酸鉛160-2000.40硼氟酸錫20-25氟硼酸鹽氟硼酸鉛250-3000.40鍍鉛氟硼酸60-120鋼鑄件退饃

5、銘酸250-30020-280.35硼酸25-30鋁合金硫酸陽極化硫酸100-20013-260.30鋁合金銘酸陽極化銘酸35-4040+(-)20.35鋼鐵件化學(xué)拋光硝酸1%-4%硫酸20%-40%70-800.40鹽酸7%-30%硝酸10%-15%銅和銅合金化學(xué)拋光磷酸50%-60%40-600.40醋酸30%-40%饃的旦拋光硫酸70%-80%室溫0.35銘酎3%-5%表5-146硫酸溶液蒸氣分壓力（mmHg）濃度（）溫度（C）1020304050607080908.8016.7730.4252.8788.44142.83223.42339.47502.678.0515.4428.004

6、8.7781.59131.92206.59314.26465.867.4614.4526.2845.8676.88124.45195.14297.57441.676.9113.1623.9941.9370.49114.44179.95277.85409.071020253035406.2311.5821.1937.2362.81103.34161.49247.86370.164550556065705.229.8418.1131.9254.1288.95140.45216.26324.4275804.198.0014.8326.2844.8773.80117.79184.17274.273.1

7、96.1711.5220.6325.4358.8694.65147.37223.992.264.448.3715.1626.3744.2271.52112.57171.941.462.825.449.9617.5829.8848.8477.77119.880.801.613.216.0910.9218.9731.5551.1379.920.340.591.312.665.009.2615.8926.3643.126.130.280.581.142.203.987.0212.0020.000.040.080.180.380.771.482.684.778.30表5-147硝酸水溶液上面的HNO3

8、及H2O的蒸氣壓（mmHg）濃溫度（C）2030405060708090度PPPPPPPP0/P%硝P水硝P水硝P水硝P水硝P水硝P水硝硝P水水8.25.84.23.07.12.200.015.10.7.95.6100.013.0.00.120.411.584.101.2110.020.00.084.410.48200.020.00.270.843.007.402.4201.327.0.019.25.314300.023.0.170.561.665.5012.847362.460.115013.24.5400.080.361.133.109.6502624.047.0.2533.42.1415

9、00.0410.752.185.6816.521.8201036.550.515531.67600.13691.484.059.927.103115710.80.1.005670.0106700.271132.807.2516.843.335.348232001.8790051153800.531745.1012.527.567.50567333816.1283.3814311081230901.012679.020.943.7103861048002006.052181701263301001.8739315.534.269.515213086752430732525819258019235

10、458480383285675注：濃度為重量濃度表5-148HCl水溶液液面上水蒸氣和HCl氣體分壓（mmHg）溫度(C)濃015202530405060708090度PHPPHPPHPPHPPHPPHPPHPPHPPPPHPPHPHHHHHHHHHHH%Cl2Cl2Cl2Cl2Cl2Cl2Cl2Cl2H2Cl2Cl2ClOOOOOOOOOOO10.03.0.0100.0140.0200.0260.0470.0800.1130.200.7311.44600.08402.704.6071811.828427.06034308310.03.0.09.0.0130.0150.000.1.10.272

11、0.6115182.5274.84240.039126519.132.450242368.0061.50315.5172.0.08.0.0110.1120.2.10.5.41.1622.3102168.62473780.48762695.348.628202301.5025208524212.0.26.0.49.0.69.1.0.62.1.24.4528.6854.1329.21163121.0339475538952170242.00.658319722.41.1.45.2.17.3.28.4.5.19.2.017413.2695111017302665.77672172105761319.

12、215.5560120391213.1.3.34.4.96.7.07.9.9.51.035.3664.76.9918155426815065403255201139.187.512533.08421329.1.7.63.10.5.15.6.21.84.471324.558734139720002616.88641137011811514.023468.5060/7363.1.83.23.4.32.5.44.216.71278.55766212/28200436.25555535508.11327.745401.53/0/43130.82.50.3.68.4.92732.53240.5166/1

13、02640.0857870581541187.21153.086342.5/413250.152.103.143.82359.45200/.825790146368819510260366.8/9.95.4/292.077030.301.212.272.008/55/17.6849.512856775051788625.7./.4253.167040.561.392.512.7/03914.0942.3100410379005304.6.5210.157540.1.701.9009512.1735.2892310695603.12.8.2280/注：濃度為重量單位表5-149HF水溶液?面上H

14、F和H2O蒸氣分壓力（mmHg）濃度溫度（C）25406075PH2OPHFPH2OPHFPH2OPHFPH2OPHF102022180.2750410.611.91371151.85.52652004.011.630130.672.0304.58514.216027.0注：濃度為重量濃度表5-150水溶液的蒸氣壓(mmHg)溫度壓力溫度壓力溫度壓力溫度壓力溫度壓力(C)(C)(C)(C)(C).92812.78730.4364.805.29413.63431.82468.26129.825.68514.53033.69571.88136.086.10115.47735.66375.65142

15、.60151629303441236.54316.47737.72979.60758149.381718313245464567.01317.53539.98983.715960156.431920333447487897.51318.65042.17588.026162163.7721223536495010118.04519.82744.56392.516364171.3823243738515212138.60921.06847.06797.216566179.31252639405354149.920922.37749.692102.096768187.542728414255569.

16、84423.75652.442107.20196.0910.51825.20955.324112.51204.9611.23126.73958.37118.04214.1711.98728.34961.50123.803.生產(chǎn)設(shè)備和管道不嚴(yán)密處的散發(fā)量各種生產(chǎn)設(shè)備和管道都有不嚴(yán)密之處，不嚴(yán)密處泄漏出有害氣體量往往隨使用期增大而增大。有害氣體的泄漏量一般可采用下式計算：Gc=KCV(M/T)0.5式中，Gc設(shè)備或管道不嚴(yán)密處的散發(fā)量,kg/h;K安全系數(shù)，視設(shè)備的磨損程度而定，一般取K=1-2;C隨設(shè)備內(nèi)部壓力而定白系數(shù)，其值列于表5-151;V設(shè)備和管道白內(nèi)部容積，m3;M設(shè)備和管道內(nèi)的有害氣體和蒸氣的分子量；T設(shè)備和管道內(nèi)部的有害氣體和蒸氣的絕對溫度，K。表5-151不同壓力時的系數(shù)C值壓力（絕對大氣壓）<22717411614011001系數(shù)C0.210.1660.1820.1890.250.290.310.374.油漆物件表面的散發(fā)量一般在油漆時都要用各種有機溶劑（如汽油、苯、甲苯等）作為稀料，因此在油漆完后，物件在自然干燥過程中，全部有機溶劑將從物體表面揮發(fā)散出，其散發(fā)量常用下列公式計算:G=2ME式中，G油漆作業(yè)點的油漆揮發(fā)量，kg/a;M全年油漆用量，kg/a;E油漆揮發(fā)量，kg/1000kg,查表5-152。表5-152各類油漆有機溶劑揮發(fā)量有