Money-words學(xué)案

1、Unite 10 MoneyWords and Expressions學(xué)案Learning to learn1. motivatevt.為之動機(jī)（常用被動語態(tài)）；引起The murder was motivated by hatred.那兇殺案是由仇恨所引起的。What motivated you to do such a thing?引起你做這樣的事的動機(jī)是什么?motivationn.動機(jī)，刺激，推動名校學(xué)案：P.22. technique n.（科學(xué)、藝術(shù)、運(yùn)動等的）技巧；技術(shù)U ；手法，技法C wayofdoing somethingtechnique in medicine and

2、surgery內(nèi)外科技術(shù)They admired the pianists perfect technique.They need to learn modern management techniques.他們還得學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)代管理技術(shù)。Dick had a new technique for doing the high jump.迪克有一種跳高的新技術(shù)。tolearntheadvanced techniquesfromothercountries學(xué)習(xí)別國的先進(jìn)技術(shù)名校學(xué)案： P.2* technology（科學(xué)）技術(shù)U practical scienceWe should master the

3、 basic advanced technology of the new century.enjoy a high level of technology享受高水準(zhǔn)的科技scienceandtechnology科學(xué)和技術(shù)3. native a.出生地的，祖國的，家鄉(xiāng)的；本土的；土生的 B(+to)；( 某地 ) 特有的；土著的They are native speakers of English.他們的母語是英語。The giant panda is native to China.大熊貓是中國特有的動物。She was native to Taipei.她原籍臺北。NativeAmeric

4、an美洲原住民；印第安人* n.本地人，本國人(+of)； 土著，原住民P1；( 某地 ) 原有的動( 植) 物 (+of)Are you a native here, or just a visitor?你是本地人?或者只是過客?The professor set to study the habits of the natives.教授著手研究當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦纳盍?xí)慣。The kangaroo is a native of Australia.袋鼠是澳大利亞的土生動物。4. achievement達(dá)成；完成U； 成就, 成績Cachievement of an ambition抱負(fù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)make

5、 achievements取得成就The invention of the computer is a great achievement.* achieve v.do or finish something well after trying hardYou will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.發(fā)明電腦是一大成就。你若總是這樣消磨時(shí)間, 就永遠(yuǎn)不會有所成就。achievesuccess取得成功achievea victory獲勝achievethe fourmodernizations實(shí)現(xiàn)四個(gè)現(xiàn)代化5. pu

6、t off推遲；拖延postpone (an appointment, a trip, a visit, etc.); postponean engagement with (sb.)Its raining hard. Wed better put off the sports meet.正在下大雨，我們最好把運(yùn)動會延期。Dont put off till tomorrow what can be done today.今天可做的事不要拖到明天再做。*阻止；勸阻；使泄氣hinder; dissuade; discourage 名校學(xué)案：P.3We are not going to allow

7、a little difficulty like that to put us off.決不讓那么一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)困難把我們嚇倒。6. billion num.（美、法）十億；（英、德）萬億(美 ) thousand million, ( 英 ) millionmillion；大量 , 無數(shù) P(+of)Billions of stars twinkled in the sky.無數(shù)星星在天空閃爍。7. percentage n.百分比 率 ，比率 ；（口語）利益 , 賺頭； s (勝的 )機(jī)率，勝算What percentage of the students are is admitted to c

8、ollege(s)?有多少百分比的學(xué)生獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入大學(xué) ?A small percentage of the farm produce was ruined.農(nóng)產(chǎn)品中的一小部分壞掉了。There is no percentage in it.沒有賺頭（好處） 。 play the percentages計(jì)算得失（機(jī)率）而行動8. existvi.存在 to be, to be realWe cannot exist without air.沒有空氣，我們就不能生存。Does life exist on other planets?別的行星上有生命嗎？The Qin dynasty existed

9、for a very short period.秦朝存在的時(shí)間很短。Matter generally exists in three states: gas, liquid and solid.物質(zhì)通常有三態(tài)：氣態(tài)、液態(tài)和固態(tài)。They cannotexist on such a small income.靠這點(diǎn)收入他們不能夠生活。existon food* existence n.U存在 beingThe tree owes its existence to soil.樹木依賴泥土生存。bring into existence使產(chǎn)生earn one s existence謀生lead a h

10、appy existence過著幸福生活put . out of existence使滅絕* come into existence出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生 start to be, live, happen, etc.When did this world come into existence?這個(gè)世界何時(shí)產(chǎn)生的？9. at present目前；現(xiàn)在We dont need it at present.我們現(xiàn)在不需要。We are badly in need of teachers at present.當(dāng)前我們急需教員。10. variety多樣化，變化 U；種種 S(+of)；種類 C名校學(xué)案： P

11、.4What other ways do you know to add variety?你知道其他增加變化的方法嗎?People like to live a life full of variety.人們喜歡過豐富多彩的生活。He has a variety of interests.他有多種愛好。Hospitals deal with diseases of every variety.醫(yī)院診治各種各樣的疾病。11. bow v. 鞠躬，欠身 (+to/before)，順從，屈服 (+to/before)；低(頭)，欠(身)，鞠躬 ( 或欠身 ) 表示；Some people bow b

12、efore money.有些人在金錢面前俯首貼耳。He bowed his head in shame.他慚愧地低下頭來。She bowed her thanks.她鞠躬致謝。* n.弓 a weapon that shoots arrows；結(jié)；蝴蝶結(jié)；奏提琴用的）弓to bend a bow張弓bow and arrow弓矢She tied her shoelaces in a bow.她把鞋帶打成蝴蝶結(jié)。A violin is played with a bow.提琴是用弓來拉奏的。12. passer-byn.過路人 CPassers-by could hear our rising

13、voices.過路行人可以聽到我們越來越高的聲音。* pass by經(jīng)過；過去；（時(shí)間）過去；錯(cuò)過A bus has just passed by.一輛公共汽車剛剛過去。You should never let an opportunity pass by.你不應(yīng)該錯(cuò)過任何機(jī)會。13. defeatvt.戰(zhàn)勝，擊??；使失敗，挫敗win a victory over, overcome 名校學(xué)案： P.4The French defeated the English troops.法國人打敗了英國軍隊(duì)。The news that he has been defeated in the elect

14、ion is not true.他落選的消息不真實(shí)。Our hopes were defeated.我們的希望落空了。* n.失??；戰(zhàn)??；挫折losing a game, fight, war, etc.The enemy suffered a crushing defeat.敵人遭到了慘敗。Victories or defeatsare ordinary thingstoa general.對一個(gè)將軍來說勝敗是常事。He returned to his home county in 1945 after the defeat of Japan. 1945年打敗日本以后他返回了家鄉(xiāng)。Warm-

15、up1. earnvt.掙得to get money by working；贏得，獲得How much do you earn a week?你一周賺多少錢?He earns twice as much as I do.他掙的錢是我掙的兩倍。His achievementsearned him respectand admiration.他的成就贏得人們的尊敬和仰慕。2. out of work失業(yè)with no job that brings moneyHe has been out of work for a year.他已經(jīng)失業(yè)一年了。3. beg vi.乞求；乞討ask for foo

16、d,money, etc. ；央告；懇求 ask forsomethingwith strong feelingEvery day they went to the road nearby and stood there begging. 名校學(xué)案：P.4He begged for a favor.他要求幫個(gè)忙。/ The criminal begged for mercy.那個(gè)罪犯懇求饒恕。She begged her father to forgive her.她懇求她父親原諒她。I beg you to pay attention.我請你們注意聽課。May I beg a cigaret

17、te from you?給我一根香煙好嗎？* I beg your pardon.請?jiān)彛ㄓ糜谧隽隋e(cuò)事道歉時(shí)）please excuse me；Beg pardon, did I tread on your foot?對不起，我踩你的腳了吧？* I beg your pardon.請你再說一遍（用于沒聽清）please repeat what you have justsaidBeg pardon, I dont catch the Chairmans remark.對不起請?jiān)僬f一遍，我沒聽清楚主席的話。Lesson 11. determine vt.決定；使決定 , 使下決心；判決, 裁定

18、Y+(that)；是的決定因素She determined to go that very afternoon.她決定就在那天下午走。 名校學(xué)案：P.4My moms encouragement determined me to go on with my study.我母親的鼓勵(lì)使我決心繼續(xù)學(xué)業(yè)。He was determined to win（決心）the game.他決心要贏得那場比賽。The court determined that the man was guilty of drunken driving.法官判決那個(gè)人酒醉開車有罪。They have determined whe

19、re the new school will be built.他們已確定新的學(xué)校將建造在什么地方。Demand determines supply.需求決定供給。vi. 決定 (+on) ； 律 終止; 判決* determination n.決心，決意aman of ; Heshowed great. his to marryher2. concern oneself（人）涉及 , 有關(guān)系in, with；涉及，關(guān)系到；使擔(dān)心；使關(guān)心 (+about/for)Youd better not concern yourself in such things.你最好不要介入這種事。I shall

20、 not concern myself with his affairs.我不想介入他的事情。The news concerns your brother.這消息與你兄弟有關(guān)。The boys poor healthconcerned hisparents. 那男孩健康狀況不佳, 使他的父母親憂慮。He is concerned for her safety.他擔(dān)心她的安全。He was very concerned about her.他對她非常關(guān)心。* as concerns關(guān)于（ concerning ） 名校學(xué)案： P.3* as / so far asbe concern就而言As

21、far as I am concerned, I cannot object to your marriage.* To whom it may concern.敬啟者n. 關(guān)心的事，重要的事 C；擔(dān)心 , 掛念 ; 關(guān)懷 UC(+about/for)That s no concern of mine.那不關(guān)我的事。Andrew expressed his concern.安德魯表示了他的關(guān)切。I have no concern with / in the company.我和該公司沒有任何關(guān)聯(lián)。3. give away贈送；分發(fā) make a present of；（在歐美婚禮中） ( 新娘

22、 ) 交給新郎； 泄露，出賣She gave away all her money to the poor.她把錢都送給窮人了。give away medals at a sports meeting在運(yùn)動會上分發(fā)獎?wù)耇he bride was given away by her father.在婚禮上 , 新娘由其父親交給新郎。His accentgave him away as a northerner.他的口音讓人聽出他是北方人。 ( Dontgive me away)4. aware知道的 , 察覺的 F(+of)+that+wh-名校學(xué)案： P.4She was not aware

23、of having done wrong.她沒有意識到做錯(cuò)了事。He was became aware of the danger.他知道（注意到）危險(xiǎn)。I was aware of what he was aiming at.我知道他在打什么主意（他的意圖是什么我一清二楚）。I am well aware that this is a tough job.我深知這是一件棘手的工作。5. drop out脫離 ，退出，不再參加；掉落；退學(xué)Luckily, I dropped out before the deal turned sour.很幸運(yùn)的 , 在交易變壞前我已退出了。One of my

24、 teeth has dropped out.我的一只牙齒掉了。She dropped out of school to become a waitress.她退學(xué)去當(dāng)女招待。6. drunk adj.醉He was drunk at the end of the party.宴會結(jié)束時(shí)他喝醉了。There were many drunk men in the streets.街上有許多醉漢。* drunken a.酒醉的；常醉的 , 常酗酒的；酒醉引起的； ( 喝醉般 ) 東倒西歪的a drunken sailor喝醉的水手drunken driving酒醉后開車a drunken slee

25、p喝醉后的睡眠7. greedya.貪食的；貪吃的；貪婪的 (+for/of)；渴望的 ;( 興趣等 ) 強(qiáng)烈的(+for)+to-vDont be so greedy- leave some of the food for the rest of us.別這么貪吃留些食品給The dictatorwas greedyfor power. 那個(gè)獨(dú)裁者貪圖權(quán)力。She is greedy forsuccess.她渴望成功。* greed n.貪心；貪婪 U(+for)His greed for money was his ruin.他對金錢的貪得無厭是他毀滅的原因。greedfor money貪

26、財(cái)8. resolutionn.決意，決心 (之事 )good resolutions改邪歸正的決心ones New Year resolution新年的決心He made a resolution never to repeat the act.他決心不再采取那種行動。a man of great resolution很有果斷力的人act with resolution行動果斷He failed to get promoted for lack of resolution.他因缺乏果斷力而未能得到提升。9. rude adj.粗野的；粗魯?shù)?；無禮的impolite; lacking cour

27、tesy；沒有文化的；未加工的，天然的He spoke ina rude tone.他用粗魯?shù)穆曇糁v話。Dontbe rude toyour teacher.不要對老師無禮貌。He comes from a rude country background.他出生在沒有文化的農(nóng)村。They are buying rude cotton.他們正在收購原棉。Lesson 21. bargain n.C協(xié)議 (+with)+that；買賣 , 交易 ； 特價(jià)商品，便宜貨名校學(xué)案： P. 4Clement made a satisfactory bargain with him.克萊門特和他作了一次滿意

28、的交易。These toys are a real bargain at such low prices.這些玩具的價(jià)格這么便宜, 真劃得來。It s Thats a bargain.就這樣 那樣說定。A bargain's a bargain.(諺 )契約終是契約(說定了就得遵守)。* vi.討價(jià)還價(jià) (+with/over/about)；達(dá)成協(xié)議；She bargained with the fishmonger over the price.她與魚販講價(jià)錢。They bargained on a two-year term.他們講定以兩年為期。* vt.討價(jià)還價(jià)后賣掉； 經(jīng)談判后

29、使得 O； 提出條件+that； 保證 +thatThey finally bargained out the obstacles to an agreement.他們通過談判終于排除了達(dá)成協(xié)議的障礙。The tradeunion bargainedthatitsmembers shouldhave anotherweeks holiday.工會提出的要求。I bargain that the job will be done in three days.我保證這一工作在三天內(nèi)完成。2. product n.C產(chǎn)品，產(chǎn)物；產(chǎn)量；出產(chǎn)；結(jié)果，成果名校學(xué)案：P.4They came here in

30、 search of new markets for their products.他們來此為他們的產(chǎn)品尋找新市場。The plan was the product of many days of careful thought.這個(gè)計(jì)劃是許多天仔細(xì)考慮的成果。3. enthusiastic熱情的；熱烈的；熱心的(+about/over/at) 名校學(xué)案：P.5David is very enthusiastic about the plan.戴維對該項(xiàng)計(jì)劃十分熱心。They are enthusiastic admirers of that movie star.他們是那位電影明星的狂熱崇拜

31、者。My parents are enthusiastic skiers.我的父母是滑雪迷。4. ashamed羞愧的, 感到難為情的(+of)+to-v+that；恥于的，因難為情而不愿的+to-vShe was ashamed of having failed in the examination.她因考試不及格而感到羞愧。I am ashamed for you.我替你感到羞愧。She was ashamed to tell anyone that she had fallen in love with him.她羞于告訴任何人I am ashamed to ask for help.我

32、不好意思請人幫忙。名校學(xué)案：P.5* shame n. 慚愧；羞恥之心；恥辱：遺憾的事She felt great shame at having failed the exam.她考試不及格, 感到極其羞愧。He is a man who has no shame.他是個(gè)毫無羞恥心的人。What he did brought shame on his family.他干的事使他的家庭蒙受了恥辱。Its a shame I havent heard from you for years.真遺憾, 我多年沒有收到你的信了。5. firm adj.穩(wěn)固的；牢固的；結(jié)實(shí)的； 堅(jiān)定的，堅(jiān)決的；堅(jiān)挺的I

33、 dont think the chair is firm enough to stand on.我覺得這椅子不夠穩(wěn)固, 不能站人。My brother has a firm belief in the value of cold baths.我的兄弟堅(jiān)信洗冷水澡有益健康。* ad.穩(wěn)固地 ; 牢固地She holds firm to her belief in God.她堅(jiān)信上帝的存在。If we stand firm, I firmly believe we shall succeed.如果我們堅(jiān)定不移，我堅(jiān)信我們會成功。6. clothing (總稱)衣服 ,衣著JThe staff a

34、t this hotel wear uniform clothing.這家飯店的員工穿統(tǒng)一的制服。Our clothing protects us from the cold.衣服幫我們御寒。a wolf in sheeps clothing披著羊皮的狼an article of一 件 衣物7. annoyv.惹惱 , 使生氣 ; 使煩惱 (+by/at/with)；打攪，困擾 名校學(xué)案： P.5His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors.他母親因?yàn)樗臍?。These flies are ann

35、oying me.這些蒼蠅一直在打攪我。8. comment n.CU注釋，評注 (+on/about)； 批評，意見，評論 (+on/about) 名校學(xué)案： P.5He made no comments on our proposal.他對我們的建議沒有作評論。His conduct at social gatherings created a lot of comment.他在社交聚會上的表現(xiàn)引起許多閑話。* vi.做注解 , 做評注 (+on/upon)；發(fā)表意見 , 評論 (+on/upon)He did not comment on what I said.他對我的話未作評論。*

36、vt.注釋，解釋；評論 Y+(that)He commented that it was an excellent film.他評論這電影很精彩。He commented that her acting was superb.他評論說, 她的演技精湛。Lesson 31. appealvi.呼吁，懇求(+to/for)+to-v；求助(+to)；有吸引力；迎合愛好W(+to)He appealed to me for help.他向我求援。He appealed to his friends for support.他請求朋友支持。We will appeal to a great varie

37、ty of sources of information.我們將求助于多種資料來源。The idea appealed to（使喜歡，吸引）Mary.這主意正合瑪麗的心意。* 【律】上訴 (+to/against) 名校學(xué)案： P.5He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.他對被判五年徒刑提出上訴。* vt.【美】將上訴，對上訴He appealed his case to a higher court.他向上一級法院申訴。* n.呼吁，請求 CU(+to/for)；吸引力，感染力 UHe made one la

38、st appeal to his father to forgive him.他最后一次懇求父親寬恕他。These subjects have lost their appeal for most students.對多數(shù)學(xué)生來說 , 這些學(xué)科已經(jīng)失去了吸引力。2. contain vt.包含；容納to have something inside; to hold；相當(dāng)于；控制，遏制Does this box contain biscuits?這個(gè)盒子里有餅干嗎？How much will this bottlecontain?The case contains my clothes.箱子里裝

39、有我的衣服。The jar contains ten glasses of water.這只大口瓶能裝十杯水。The pill contains vitamins.這藥丸中含有多種維生素。A gallon contains four quarts.一加侖相當(dāng)于四夸脫。He could not contain himself for anger.他不能控制自己的怒氣。I couldn t contain myself for joy.我喜不自禁。I could not contain my laughter.我無法控制自己不笑出聲來。名校學(xué)案： P.53. balancen.平衡；均衡US；天平

40、，秤C；結(jié)存；結(jié)余CI lost my balance and fell.我身體失去平衡, 摔了一跤。Will you weigh it in the balance?你用天平稱一稱好嗎？In what way is a laboratory balance different from a balance found in a store?實(shí)驗(yàn)室的天平與商店里的秤在什么方面有所不同?The balance on your account is US$5.你的帳戶上余額為五美金。the balance of nature生態(tài)平衡destroy the balance破壞平衡4. removev

41、t.移動，搬開；調(diào)動(+from/to)；脫掉；去掉，消除(+from)；把免職；撤去(+from)Students removed several desks to another classroom.學(xué)生們把幾張書桌搬到另外一間教室。She removed the painting to another wall.她把畫搬到另一面墻上。She saw he had removed his glasses.她看到他摘下了他的眼鏡。He was removed from the post.他被解雇了。The corrupt official was removed from office.這個(gè)

42、貪官被罷了職。5. puzzle n.問題；難懂的事problem;something that is difficultto understand ；謎 名校學(xué)案： P.5His wife has disappeared; its a puzzle.他的妻子失蹤了，這是件難于理解的事情。It is a puzzle to me how he could come here.我不知他是怎么到這里來的。He has found out the puzzle.他已猜中這條謎語了。jigsaw puzzle拼板玩具；測驗(yàn)智力的玩具；picture in many small parts that y

43、ou mustput together* v.困惑；苦思make you think a lot because you do not understand itI am puzzled by the difficult question.我被難題難住了。It s all very puzzling.這都很使人莫名其妙。This mystery puzzles me.這件神秘事情使我百思不解。That s what puzzled us.6. behavevi.表現(xiàn)，行為舉止Qvt.（后接oneself）使檢點(diǎn)，使守規(guī)矩The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger.那位年輕女士面對危險(xiǎn)表現(xiàn)得十分勇敢。Behave