2016年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題第二套

1、2016年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題（第2套）該真題及答案摘自于巨微英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題逐句精解，中間省略聽(tīng)力原文，詳細(xì)資料可以關(guān)注公眾號(hào)：巨微英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)或者官網(wǎng)渠道獲得電子版。CKT玄呼詩(shī)豈19他蘆題亠亠d鈕鈕cn=3aPartIWritingDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourschoolteachersuponenteringcollege.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIList

2、eningComprehension標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間25minutes自測(cè)用時(shí)minutesSectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Th

3、enmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1. A)Howcollegestudentscanimprovetheirsleephabits.B) Whysufficientsleepisimportantforcollegestudents.C) Whycollegestudentsaremorelikelytohavestressproblems.D) Howcollegestu

4、dentscanhandletheirpsychologicalproblems.2. A)Itisnoteasytoimproveone'ssleephabits.B) Itisnotgoodforstudentstoplayvideogames.C) Studentswhoarebetterpreparedgenerallygethigherscoresinexaminations.D) Makinglast-minutepreparationsfortestsmaybelesseffectivethansleeping.Questions3and4arebasedonthenew

5、sreportyouhavejustheard.3. A)WhethermoreairportsshouldbebuiltaroundLondon.B) Whetheradequateinvestmentisbeingmadetoimproveairportfacilities.C) WhethertheBritishAirportsAuthorityshouldselloffsomeofitsassets.D) WhethertheSpanishcompanycouldofferbetterservice.4. A)Inefficientmanagement.B)Poorownerships

6、tructure.C)Lackofinnovationandcompetition.D)Lackofrunwayandterminalcapacity.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5. A)Reportthenicotinecontentoftheircigarettes.B) Setalimittotheproductionoftheircigarettes.C) Takestepstoreducenicotineintheirproducts.D)Studytheeffectsofnicotineonyoungs

7、mokers.6. A)Thebiggestincreaseinnicotinecontenttendedtobeinbrandsyoungsmokerslike.B) Bigtobaccocompanieswerefrankwiththeircustomersaboutthehazardsofsmoking.C) Brandswhichcontainhighernicotinecontentwerefoundtobemuchmorepopular.D) Tobaccocompaniesrefusedtodiscussthedetailednicotinecontentoftheirprodu

8、cts.7. A)Theypromisedtoreducethenicotinecontentincigarettes.B) Theyhavenotfullyrealizedtheharmfuleffectofnicotine.C) Theywerenotpreparedtocommentonthecigarettestudy.D) Theywillpaymoreattentiontothequalityoftheirproducts.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachc

9、onversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhave

10、justheard.8. A)Indonesia.B)Holland.C)Sweden.D)England.9. A)Gettingacoachwhocanofferrealhelp.B)TalkingwithherboyfriendinDutch.C)Learningalanguagewhereitisnotspoken.D)Acquiringthenecessaryabilitytosocialize.10. A)Listeninglanguageprogramsontheradio.B)Tryingtospeakitasmuchasonecan.C)Makingfriendswithna

11、tivespeakers.D)Practicingreadingaloudasoftenaspossible.11. A)Itcreatesanenvironmentforsocializing.B) Itoffersvariouscourseswithcreditpoints.C) Ittrainsyoungpeople'sleadershipabilities.D) Itprovidesopportunitiesforlanguagepractice.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12. A)The

12、impactofenginedesignonrodesafety.B)Therolepolicemenplayintrafficsafety.C)Asenseoffreedomdrivinggives.13. A)Makecarswithautomaticcontrol.C)Makecarsthatarelesspowerful.14. A)Theytendtodriveresponsibly.C)Theykeepwithinspeedlimits.15. A)Itisabadidea.C)Itisaseffectiveasspeedbumps.D)Rulesandregulationsfor

13、driving.B) Makecarsthathavebetterbrakes.D)Makecarswithhigherstandards.B) Theyliketogoathighspeed.D) Theyfollowtrafficrulesclosely.B) Itisnotuseful.D)Itshouldbecombinedwitheducation.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththe

14、passageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16. A)Thecardgotdamaged.B)Thecardwasfoundin

15、valid.C) Thecardreaderfailedtodothescanning.D)Thecardreaderbrokedownunexpectedly.17. A)Byconvertingthecreditcardwithalayerofplastic.B) Bycallingthecreditcardcompanyforconfirmation.C) ByseekinghelpfromthecardreadermakerVerifone.D)Bytypingthecreditcardnumberintothecashregister.18. A)Affectthesalesofhi

16、gh-techappliances.B) ChangethelifestyleofmanyAmericans.C) Givebirthtomanynewtechnologicalinventions.D)Producemanylow-techfixesforhigh-techfailures.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19. A)Theyaresetbythedeanofthegraduateschool.B)Theyaredeterminedbytheadvisingboard.C) Theyleavemuchro

17、omforimprovement.D)Theyvaryamongdifferentdepartments.20. A)Byconsultingtheexaminingcommittee.B)ByreadingtheBulletinofInformation.C) Bycontactingthedepartmentaloffice.D)Byvisitingtheuniversity'swebsite.21. A)Theyspecifythenumberofcreditsstudentsmustearn.B)Theyarehardertomeetthanthoseforundergradu

18、ates.C)Theyhavetobeapprovedbytheexaminingcommittee.D) Theyarethesameamongvariousdivisionsoftheuniversity.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22. A)Studentsmajoringinnutrition.B)Studentsinhealthclasses.C)Ph.D.candidatesindieting.D)Middleandhighschoolteachers.23. A)Itsoverestimateofthe

19、effectofdieting.B)Itsmistakenconceptionofnutrition.C)Itschangingcriteriaforbeauty.D)Itsoveremphasisonthinness.24. A)Toillustrateherpointthatbeautyisbutskindeep.B)Todemonstratethemagiceffectofdietingonwomen.C)Toexplainhowcomputerimagescanbemisleading.D) Toprovethattechnologyhasimpactedourculture.25.

20、A)Topersuadegirlstostopdieting.B)Topromoteherownconceptofbeauty.C)Toestablishanemotionalconnectionwithstudents.D) Tohelpstudentsridthemselvesofbadlivinghabits.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間40minutesPartIIIReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachbla

21、nkfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Contrarytopop

22、ularbelief,olderpeoplegenerallydonotwanttolivewiththeirchildren.Moreover,mostadultchildren26everybitasmuchcareandsupporttotheiragingparentsaswasthecaseinthe“goodolddays",andmostolderpeopledonotfeel27.About80%ofpeople65yearsandolderhavelivingchildren,andabout90%ofthemhave28contactwiththeirchildr

23、en.About75%ofelderlyparentswhodon'tgotonursinghomeslivewithin30minutesofatleastoneoftheirchildren.However,29havingcontactwithchildrendoesnotguaranteehappinessinoldage.Infact,someresearchhasfoundthatpeoplewhoaremostinvolvedwiththeirfamilieshavethelowestspirits.Thisresearchmaybe30.however,asillhea

24、lthoftenmakesolderpeoplemore31andtherebyincreasescontactwithfamilymembers.Soitismorelikelythatpoorhealth,notjustfamilyinvolvement,32spirits.Increasingly,researchershavebeguntolookatthequalityofrelationships,ratherthanatthefrequencyofcontact,betweentheelderlyandtheirchildren.Ifparentsandchildrenshare

25、interestsandvaluesandagreeonchildrearingpracticesandreligious33,theyarelikelytoenjoyeachother'scompany.Disagreementsonsuchmatterscan34causeproblems.Ifparentsareagreedbytheirdaughter'sdivorce,dislikehernewhusband,anddisapproveofhowsheisraisingtheirgrandchildren,35arethattheyarenotgoingtoenjoy

26、hervisits.A)abandonedE)commitmentI)frequentM)provideB)advancedF)dampensJ)fulfillmentN)understandablyC)biasedG)dependentK)grantO)unrealisticallyD)chancesH)distantL)merelySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneo

27、ftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.CouldFoodShortagesBringDownCivilization?A FormanyyearsIhavestudiedglobalagricultural,population,envi

28、ronmentalandeconomictrendsandtheirinteractions.Thecombinedeffectsofthosetrendsandthepoliticaltensionstheygeneratepointtothebreakdownofgovernmentsandsocieties.YetI,too,haveresistedtheideathatfoodshortagescouldbringdownnotonlyindividualgovernmentsbutalsoourglobalcivilization.B Icannolongerignorethatri

29、sk.Ourcontinuingfailuretodealwiththeenvironmentaldeclines巨微英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)不好找巨微thatareunderminingtheworldfoodeconomyforcesmetoconcludethatsuchacollapseispossible.C Asdemandforfoodrisesfasterthansuppliesaregrowing,theresultingfood-priceinflationputsseverestressonthegovernmentsofmanycountries.Unabletobuygrain

30、orgrowtheirown,hungrypeopletaketothestreets.Indeed,evenbeforethesteepclimbingrainpricesin2008,thenumberoffailingstateswasexpanding.Ifthefoodsituationcontinuestoworsen,entirenationswillbreakdownataneverincreasingrate.Inthe20thcenturythemainthreattointernationalsecuritywassuperpowerconflict;todayitisf

31、ailingstates.D Statesfailwhennationalgovernmentscannolongerprovidepersonalsecurity,foodsecurityandbasicsocialservicessuchaseducationandhealthcare.Whengovernmentslosetheircontrolonpower,lawandorderbegintodisintegrate.Afterapoint,countriescanbecomesodangerousthatfoodreliefworkersarenolongersafeandthei

32、rprogramsarehalted.Failingstatesareofinternationalconcernbecausetheyareasourceofterrorists,drugs,weaponsandrefugees（難民），threateningpoliticalstabilityeverywhere.E Thesurgeinworldgrainpricesin2007and2008andthethreattheyposetofoodsecurityhasadifferent，moretroublingqualitythantheincreasesofthepast.Durin

33、gthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury，grainpricesrosedramaticallyseveraltimes.In1972，forinstance，theSoviets，recognizingtheirpoorharvestearly，quietlycorneredtheworldwheatmarket.Asaresult，wheatpriceselsewheremorethandoubled，pullingriceandcornpricesupwiththem.Butthisandotherpriceshockswereevent-drivendroughti

34、ntheSovietUnion，crop-shrinkingheatintheU.S.CornBelt.Andtheriseswereshort-lived:pricestypicallyreturnedtonormalwiththenextharvest.F Incontrast，therecentsurgeinworldgrainpricesistrend-driven，makingitunlikelytoreversewithoutareversalinthetrendsthemselves.Onthedemandside，thosetrendsincludetheongoingaddi

35、tionofmorethan70millionpeopleayear，agrowingnumberofpeoplewantingtomoveupthefoodchaintoconsumehighlygrain-intensivemeatproducts，andthemassivediversion（轉(zhuǎn)向）ofU.S.graintotheproductionofbio-fuel.G Asincomesriseamonglow-incomeconsumers，thepotentialforfurthergrainconsumptionishuge.Butthatpotentialpalesbesi

36、dethenever-endingdemandforcrop-basedfuels.Afourthofthisyear'sU.S.grainharvestwillgotofuelcars.H Whataboutsupply?Thethreeenvironmentaltrendstheshortageoffreshwater，thelossoftopsoilandtherisingtemperaturesaremakingitincreasinglyhardtoexpandtheworld'sgrainsupplyfastenoughtokeepupwithdemand.Ofal

37、lthosetrends，however，thespreadofwatershortagesposesthemostimmediatethreat.Thebiggestchallengehereisirrigation，whichconsumes70%theworld'sfreshwater.Millionsofirrigationwellsinmanycountriesarenowpumpingwateroutofundergroundsourcesfasterthanrainfallcanrefillthem.Theresultisfallingwatertables（地下水位）i

38、ncountrieswithhalftheworld'speople,includingthethreebiggrainproducersChina，IndiaandtheU.S.I Aswatertableshavefallenandirrigationwellshavegonedry,China'swheatcrop,theworld'slargest，hasdeclinedby8%sinceitpeakedat123milliontonsin1997.ButwatershortagesareevenmoreworryinginIndia.Millionsofirr

39、igationwellshavesignificantlyloweredwatertablesinalmosteverystate.J Astheworld'sfoodsecurityfallstopieces,individualcountriesactingintheirownself-interestareactuallyworseningthetroublesofmany.Thetrendbeganin2007，whenleadingwheat-exportingcountriessuchasRussiaandArgentinalimitedorbannedtheirexpor

40、ts,inhopesofincreasinglocalfoodsuppliesandtherebybringingdowndomesticfoodprices.Vietnambanneditsexportsforseveralmonthsforthesamereason.Suchmovesmayeliminatethefearsofthoselivingintheexportingcountries,buttheyarecreatingpanicinimportingcountriesthatmustrelyonwhatisthenleftforexport.K Inresponsetotho

41、serestrictions,grain-importingcountriesaretryingtonaildownlong-termtradeagreementsthatwouldlockupfuturegrainsupplies.Food-importanxietyisevenleadingtoneweffortsbyfood-importingcountriestobuyorleasefarmlandinothercountries.Inspiteofsuchtemporarymeasures,soaringfoodpricesandspreadinghungerinmanyotherc

42、ountriesarebeginningtobreakdownthesocialorder.L Sincethecurrentworldfoodshortageistrend-driven,theenvironmentaltrendsthatcauseitmustbereversed.Wemustcutcarbonemissionsby80%fromtheir2006levelsby2020,stabilizetheworld'spopulationateightbillionby2040,completelyremovepoverty,andrestoreforestsandsoil

43、s.Thereisnothingnewaboutthefourobjectives.Indeed,wehavemadesubstantialprogressinsomepartsoftheworldonatleastoneofthesethedistributionoffamily-planningservicesandtheassociatedshifttosmallerfamilies.M Formanyinthedevelopmentcommunity,thefourobjectiveswereseenaspositive,promotingdevelopmentaslongasthey

44、didnotcosttoomuch.Otherssawthemaspoliticallycorrectandmorallyappropriate.Nowathirdandfarmoresignificantmotivationpresentsitself:meetingthesegoalsmaybenecessarytopreventthecollapseofourcivilization.Yetthecostweprojectforsavingcivilizationwouldamounttolessthan$200billionayear,1/6ofcurrentglobalmilitar

45、yspending.Ineffect,ourplanisthenewsecuritybudget.36. Themorerecentsteepclimbingrainpricespartlyresultsfromthefactthatmoreandmorepeoplewanttoconsumemeatproducts.37. Socialorderisbreakingdowninmanycountriesbecauseoffoodshortages.38. Ratherthansuperpowerconflict,countriesunabletocopewithfoodshortagesno

46、wconstitutethemainthreattoworldsecurity.39. Somepartsoftheworldhaveseensuccessfulimplementationoffamilyplanning.40. Theauthorhascometoagreethatfoodshortagescouldultimatelyleadtothecollapseofworldcivilization.41. Increasingwatershortagesprovetobethebiggestobstacletoboostingtheworld'sgrainproducti

47、on.42. Thecostforsavingourcivilizationwouldbeconsiderablylessthantheworld'scurrentmilitaryspending.43. Tolowerdomesticfoodprices,somecountrieslimitedorstoppedtheirgrainexports.44. Environmentalproblemsmustbesolvedtoeasethecurrentglobalfoodshortage.45. Aquarterofthisyear'sAmericangrainharvest

48、willbeusedtoproducebio-fuelforcars.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre

49、.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Decliningmentalfunctionisoftenseenasaproblemofoldage,butcertainaspectsofbrainfunctionactuallybegintheirdeclineinyoungadulthood,anewstudysuggests.Thestudy,whichfollowedmorethan2,000healthyadultsbetweentheagesof18and60,foundthatcertainmentalfunct

50、ionsincludingmeasuresofabstractreasoning,mentalspeedandpuzzle-solvingstartedtodullasearlyasage27.Dipsinmemory,meanwhile,generallybecameapparentaroundage37.Ontheotherhand,indicatorsofaperson'saccumulatedknowledgelikeperformanceontestsofvocabularyandgeneralknowledgekeptimprovingwithage,accordingto

51、findingspublishedinthejournalNeurobiologyofAgi.ngTheresultsdonotmeanthatyoungadultsneedtostartworryingabouttheirmemories.Mostpeople'smindsfunctionatahighlevelevenintheirlateryears,accordingtoresearcherTimothySalthouse.“Thesepatternssuggestthatsometypesofmentalflexibilitydecreaserelativelyearlyin

52、adulthood,butthattheamountofknowledgeonehas,andtheeffectivenessofintegratingitwithone'sabilities,mayincreasethroughoutallofadulthoodiftherearenodiseases,”Salthousesaidinanewsrelease.Thestudyincludedhealthy,educatedadultswhotookstandardtestsofmemory,reasoningandperceptionattheoutsetandatsomepoint

53、overthenextsevenyears.Thetestsaredesignedtodetectsubtle(纟田微的)changesinmentalfunction,andinvolvesolvingpuzzles,recallingwordsanddetailsfromstories,andidentifyingpatternsincollectionsoflettersandsymbols.Ingeneral,Salthouseandhiscolleaguesfound,certainaspectsofcognition(認(rèn)知能力)generallystartedtodeclinein

54、thelate20sto30s.Thefindingsshedlightonnormalage-relatedchangesinmentalfunction,whichcouldaidinunderstandingtheprocessofdementia(癡呆),accordingtotheresearchers.“Byfollowingindividualsovertime,”Salthousesaid,“wegaininsightincognitionchanges,andmaypossiblydiscoverwaystoslowtherateofdecline.”Theresearche

55、rsarecurrentlyanalyzingthestudyparticipants'healthandlifestyletoseewhichfactorsmightinfluenceage-relatedcognitivechanges.46. Whatisthecommonviewofmentalfunction?A)Itvariesfrompersontoperson.B)Itweakensinone'slateryears.C) Itgraduallyexpandswithage.D)Itindicatesone'shealthcondition.47. Wh

56、atdoesthenewstudyfindaboutmentalfunctions?A) Somediseasesinevitablyleadtotheirdecline.B) Theyreachapeakattheageof20formostpeople.C) Theyarecloselyrelatedtophysicalandmentalexercise.D) Someofthembegintodeclinewhenpeoplearestillyoung.48. WhatdoesTimothySalthousesayaboutpeople'smindsinmostcases?A)T

57、heytendtodeclineinpeople'slateryears.B)Theirflexibilitydeterminesone'sabilities.C)Theyfunctionquitewelleveninoldage.D) Theirfunctioningisstillapuzzletobesolved.49. Althoughpeople'smindsmayfunctionlessflexiblyastheyage,they.A) maybebetteratsolvingpuzzlesB) canmemorizethingswithmoreeaseC)

58、mayhavegreaterfacilityinabstractreasoningD) canputwhattheyhavelearntintomoreeffectiveuse50. AccordingtoSalthouse,theirstudymayhelpusA) findwaystoslowdownourmentaldeclineB) findwaystoboostourmemoriesC) understandthecomplexprocessofmentalfunctioningD)understandtherelationbetweenphysicalandmentalhealthPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThemostimportantthinginthenewslastweekwastherisingdiscussioninNashvilleabouttheeducationalneedsofchildren.Theshorthand(簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě))educatorsuseforthisis“pre-K”meaninginstructionbeforekin