初中英語賓語從句全配練習(xí)ppt課件

1、賓語從句賓語從句 什么叫賓語？什么叫賓語？ 賓語就是位于及物動詞或介詞之后的名詞性構(gòu)造，包括名詞，代詞等等。賓語就是位于及物動詞或介詞之后的名詞性構(gòu)造，包括名詞，代詞等等。1I like apples. 2 ) They are talking about me. 判別一個詞是不是賓語，首先要看它是不是跟在及物動詞或介詞后面；其次要看它是不是名詞或代判別一個詞是不是賓語，首先要看它是不是跟在及物動詞或介詞后面；其次要看它是不是名詞或代詞。詞。一、賓語從句一、賓語從句賓語從句就是將本來位于及物動詞或介詞后面的名詞或代詞換成一個簡單句。 I like apples. I like (that yo

2、u get my gift ) .括號內(nèi)的那一個簡單句就叫做賓語從句，而且它是“主謂賓構(gòu)造，它是整個句子充任及物動詞like的賓語。簡單句：They are talking about me. 賓語從句： They are talking about who newly come to our class. 括號內(nèi)的那一個簡單句就叫做賓語從句，而且它是“主謂構(gòu)造，它是整個句子充任及介詞 about的賓語。二、賓語從句三要素二、賓語從句三要素連連 接接 詞詞時時 態(tài)態(tài)語語 序序一銜接詞一銜接詞1.that2.whether/if3.銜接代詞who whom whose what which4.

3、銜接副詞when why where how。當(dāng)由陳說句充任賓語從句時，用當(dāng)由陳說句充任賓語從句時，用that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)that無詞義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。構(gòu)造式為：主語+及物動詞+that+從句，例如：合并句子： He could finish his work before supper. He said. He said that he could finish his work before supper當(dāng)由普通疑問句充任賓語從句時當(dāng)由普通疑問句充任賓語從句時用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“能否,構(gòu)造式為：主語+及物動詞+if/whether +從句合并句子：Does he s

4、till lives here after so many years? I dont know.I dont know if whether he still lives here after so many years只能用只能用whether的情況的情況1、具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時，尤其是直接與or not連用時，往往用whether。合并句子：1) Will he come or not? Let me know. Let me know whether he will come or not2、介詞之后用、介詞之后用whether合并句子：1Does he like E

5、nglish? I am interested. Im interested in whether he likes English2) Can we finish the work on time? We are thinking. Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time不定式前用不定式前用whetherI dont know whether to goHe hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by trainwhether置于句首時，不能換用置于句首時，不能換用ifWhet

6、her this is true or not，I cant sayIf 與與whether 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別I dont know _ he will come or not.I dont care of _ he is handsome.He wondered _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not decided. 與與or not 連用只能用連用只能用whether介詞后只能用介詞后只能用whether與與to do 不定式連用只能用不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用作主語只能用whether假設(shè)賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句

7、，假設(shè)賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句，只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)只需用原來的特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo) Please tell him. Which class are you in . 賓語從句： Please tell him which class you are in . What does she like most? Do you know? 賓語從句：Do you know what she likes most? He asked me. Whom was I waiting for?賓語從句：he asked me whom I was waiting for. Whose advice sh

8、ould I take? I cant decide.賓語從句：I cant decide whose advice I should take.由銜接代詞由銜接代詞what, whom, whose, which, what及銜接及銜接副詞副詞 when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer the question1. He asked _. (誰能回答這個問題誰能回答

9、這個問題2. Do you know_. 他們在等誰他們在等誰3. Please tell me _. 我們什么時候開我們什么時候開會會4. Can you tell me _. 他在哪兒他在哪兒5. Could you tell me _. 我該怎樣去車我該怎樣去車站站6. Would you tell me _為什么火車遲到了為什么火車遲到了 whom they are waiting for二語序二語序賓語從句復(fù)合句的無論主句或從句都可以是陳說句，也可以是疑問句。但無論主句是陳說句還是疑問句，賓語從句都必需運用陳說句語序，即“主句連詞賓語從句主語謂語句式。陳說句語序就是“主語在前，動詞在

10、后(史稱:主前動后)。陳說句語序的常見正確表達(dá)式為:a 主語+動詞b 主語+助動詞(has/have)或情態(tài)動詞+實義動詞Can you tell me where you were born? (you是主語，were是動詞，主前動后，滿足表達(dá)式a,)Can you tell me where were you born? 判別從句能否是陳說句語序的小技巧：判別從句能否是陳說句語序的小技巧：把從句單獨拿出來，假設(shè)構(gòu)成符合語法規(guī)范的疑問句，如普通疑問句或特殊疑問句，那這個語序必定不是陳說句語序。 1、She told me that would she like to go with us.從

11、句 would she like to go with us, 加上一個問號，就是完好的特殊疑問句，那它就是疑問句語序，而不是陳說句語序。正確說法應(yīng)為：She told me that she would like to go with us.2、Miss Green didnt tell us where did she live in 2021. 從句where did she live in 2021,加一個句號，就是完好的特殊疑問句，那它就是疑問句語序，不是陳說句語序。正確的說法應(yīng)為：Mr Green didnt tell us where she lived in 2021.三三 時

12、態(tài)時態(tài)(時態(tài)一致性時態(tài)一致性1. 假設(shè)主句的時態(tài)是普通如今時，賓語從假設(shè)主句的時態(tài)是普通如今時，賓語從 句句的時態(tài)根據(jù)詳細(xì)情況來確定，可以是的時態(tài)根據(jù)詳細(xì)情況來確定，可以是_時態(tài)。時態(tài)。I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?任任 何何 2. 假設(shè)主句的時態(tài)是普經(jīng)過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的假設(shè)主句的時態(tài)是普經(jīng)過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的_時態(tài)普經(jīng)過去時，時態(tài)普經(jīng)過去時， 過去進展時，過去進展時， 過

13、去未來時，過去未來時，過去完成時。例如：過去完成時。例如： He told me that he was born in in 1992. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 過去過去 3. 假設(shè)賓語從句所陳說的是客觀真理，即使主句用了假設(shè)賓語從句所陳說的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時，從句仍用過去時，從句仍用 _ 時態(tài)。例如：時態(tài)。例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.普通如今普通如今三 、賓語從句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換1、當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語一樣，且主句的

14、謂語動詞是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose 等時，從句可簡化為不定式構(gòu)造。 I hope that I can receive your . I hopeto receive your .2、當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語一樣，且主句的謂語動詞是know, remember, forget, learn 等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式構(gòu)造。 eg: She doesnt know what she should do next. She doesnt know_.3、當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是ask, tell, show, teach 等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+

15、不定式構(gòu)造。 eg: Will you please show me how I can work it out? Will you please show me _.4、當(dāng)直接引語為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，用ask/tell/orderSb. (not) to do sth 構(gòu)造。 eg: Please be quiet. What did Bill say? He asked us to be quiet.what to do nexthow to work it out簡化賓語從句常用方法簡化賓語從句常用方法方法一：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope， decide， wish， choose，

16、agree， promise等，且賓語從句的主語與主句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為不定式構(gòu)造。Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him. We decided to help him.方法二：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等動詞，且主句主語與從句主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式構(gòu)造。She has forgotten how she can open

17、the window. She has forgotten how to open the window.方法三: 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是tell， ask， show， teach等動詞，且后帶雙賓語，從句主語和間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式構(gòu)造。Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ Could you tell me how to get to the station？除上述方法外，還有一些特殊句式的轉(zhuǎn)化。I found that it was difficult to learn English well. I fou

18、nd it difficult to learn English well.四、否認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)移 在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動詞是think， believe, guess, suppose等時，要將從句的否認(rèn)詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否認(rèn)式，賓語從句的謂語動詞用一定式。 eg: I dont think he will come with you. 留意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時，要特別小心。 eg: (6) I dont believe he has finished the work, _? (7) He knew why Jim wasnt at sc

19、hool , _? 解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時，附加問句的主語由賓 語從句的主語充任。 例7，假設(shè)主句的主語非第一人稱時，那么附加問句的主語 由主句的主語充任。has hedidnt heDo you know _?A. where does she live B. she lives whereC. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will doCB穩(wěn)定練習(xí)：穩(wěn)定練

20、習(xí)：I從以下從以下A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。中選擇一個正確選項填空。4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _?what Lily was B. what was LilyC. where Lily was D. where was LilyC3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada.what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives

21、 here C5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled ACl7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?l A. if B. weather C. what D. whichlA8

22、. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave B. when would they leave C. when they will leave D. when did they leave CII.改錯：改錯：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun alw

23、ays rises in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear he _ (return) it already. He s

24、aid that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) will be goes were playing has returned had be

25、en travels are talking were were doing10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _

26、in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken has been risesdid將以下句子合并為一句將以下句子合并為一句: :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting?2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you te

27、ll me? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. 4. “ I am doing my homework. I am doing my homework. He said. He said. 5. 5. “I will come back.I will come back. Tom said. Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way.Co