現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的比較

1、 現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的比較 the present perfect tense & the simple past tense 泰安中學(xué)初二備課組泰安中學(xué)初二備課組概念概念:v一般過去時表示在過去某個時間發(fā)生的動詞或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。e.g. He came here yesterday.v現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作（或狀態(tài)）對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響和結(jié)果e.g. He has broken his bottle.一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別：1）構(gòu)成不同Tom went to London last year.Lily has been to London twice.一

2、般過去時的謂語動詞用過去式過去式，現(xiàn)在完成時的謂語用“助動詞have /has +過去分詞” 一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別：一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時是表示過去的動作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，主要說明的是現(xiàn)在的情況和狀態(tài)；而一般過去時則強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在過去某一時間，與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系.e.g. We havent seen him since last year. 我們自從去年以來一直未見到他。（現(xiàn)在還未見到）We didnt see him last year. 我們?nèi)ツ隂]見到他。（現(xiàn)在不一定未見到）Who has opened the door? 誰把門開了？（現(xiàn)在門還開著） Who ope

3、ned the door? 誰開的門？ (指過去，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。現(xiàn)在門是關(guān)著還是開著，沒有說明。) Have you had your lunch? 你吃過午飯沒有？ （意即你現(xiàn)在不餓嗎？） Yes, I have. 吃了。 （意即我現(xiàn)在飽了，不要再吃了。） When did you have it? 你什么時候吃的？ （說話人感興趣的是“吃”這一動作發(fā)生在時。）2）用法不同 I had supper an hour ago我一小時前吃的晚飯。（表示過去的動作） I have just had supper我剛剛吃過晚飯。（強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響我不餓） He was a teacher then他那

4、時是個教師。（表示過去的狀態(tài)） He has been a teacher since then他從那時起一直當(dāng)教師。（他現(xiàn)在還是教師） yesterday, once, last week, . ago, in 1980, in October, just now等具體的時間狀語具體的時間狀語。 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till, up to now, always等不確定的時間狀語不確定的時間狀語。 一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別：3）所用時間狀語不同 The children went to the zoo last Sund

5、ay 上星期天，孩子們?nèi)チ藙游飯@。 I havent read the book before 我以前沒看過這本書。 They lived here in 1980 他們一九八年住在這里。 一般過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，現(xiàn)在完成時常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。Make up sentences, please! go last yeareat this morningleave yesterdaygive a moment agoride just nowwrite last nightcatch when I was only 10make a mistake the day b

6、efore yesterdaypay the next morningsweep after classLast SundayCorrect the passage:Last Sunday, Ted and his father are at home. They movd to a new house. His father wantted to put the books in some boxes, but he cant find any boxes. Ted telled him the boxes was in the next room. Then he bought these

7、 boxes to his father. movedwantedcouldnttoldwere broughtwereExercises for the present perfect tense:7. Is Tom doing his homework? No, he _his homework already.(finish)8. Do you know Miss King? No, but I _ her before .(hear of)9. What about the film? Sorry, I dont know. I _ it yet. (see)10. _ you eve

8、r _ to the Great Wall? No, never. ( go)11. How does he get on with his classmate? Oh, he _ a lot these days. (change)12. Help yourself , please. No, thanks. Im full. I _ just _ three eggs.(eat)alreadyhas finishedbeforehave heared ofyethavent seeneverneverHavebeenthese dayshas changedjusthaveeatenCho

9、ose the right answer,please! ( ) 1.How long has Mr Turner worked in this school? A.30 years. B. Since it was open. C.5 years. ( ) 2.What month is it now? A. October. B. November. C. December. ( ) 3.Whos ill in hospital? A. Kate. B. Mr Wu. C. Linda. ( ) 4.How long has the man been here? A. One year.

10、B. half a year. C. Three months. ( ) 5.What is the teacher doing? A. Talking to a parent. B. giving a maths lesson. C. Playing basketball.CBCBA練習(xí)1. -I have seen the film Titanic already. -When _ you _ it? A. have, seen B. will see C. did, see D. did, seen2. Mr. Black _ in China since five years ago.

11、 A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live3. - - _ Uncle Wang _ (mend) the TV yet? -Yes, he_. -When _ he _ it? - Yesterday.4. -I _ (see) the film Chicken Run. - Where and when _ you _ (see) it? - Last week.5. -_ you _ (see) the film last night? -No, I _ (see) it for several times.6. -_ you

12、_ (return) the book to the library? - Not yet. But I _ (return) it this afternoon.7. Is Tom doing his homework? No, he _his homework already.(finish)8. Do you know Miss King? No, but I _ her before .(hear of)9. What about the film? Sorry, I dont know. I _ it yet. (see)10. _ you ever _ to the Great W

13、all? No, never. ( go)11. How does he get on with his classmate? Oh, he _ a lot these days. (change)12. Help yourself , please. No, thanks. Im full. I _ just _ three eggs.(eat)練習(xí)Further exercises:1. I am busy these day. I _ (not go) to the cinema for weeks.2. The boy is happy because he _ (sell) out

14、all the newspapers.3. They _ (live) in Shanghai since 1991.4. Great changes _ (take place) in our country since 1949.5. Miss Jane _ (teach) us last year. She _(teach) in our school for 4 years.6. She _ already _(do) her homework. She _(do) it yesterday evening.7. -_ you ever _ to London? -Yes, I have. -When _ you _ (go) there? -Last year.8. Who _ (take) my dictionary away? I cant find it everywhere.9. It _ ten years since I _(leave) chi