英語(yǔ)的16種時(shí)態(tài)

1、英語(yǔ)的16種時(shí)態(tài) 英語(yǔ)共有十六種時(shí)態(tài)，其表現(xiàn)形式如下(以study為例)：時(shí)態(tài) 一般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在studybe studyinghave studiedhave been studying過(guò)去studiedbe studyinghad studiedhad been studying將來(lái)will studywill be studyingwill have studiedwill have been studying過(guò)去將來(lái)would studywould be studyingwould have studiedwould have been studying時(shí)態(tài)

2、（Tense）是表示行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式。因此，當(dāng)我們說(shuō)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，指的是相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)下的動(dòng)詞形式。英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)分為16種：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過(guò)去、一般將來(lái)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，以及這四者的進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法：A) 表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。B) 習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。C) 經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。 例：He always helps others. （他總是幫助別人。）D) 客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則無(wú)法保持 主句、從句時(shí)態(tài)一致。E) 表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，（僅限于某些表示“來(lái)、去、動(dòng) 、停、開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)

3、”等的動(dòng)詞 ）可以與表示未來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)搭配使用 。常見(jiàn)的用法是：飛機(jī)、火車(chē)、輪船、汽車(chē)等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. （下一趟火車(chē)今天下午3點(diǎn)開(kāi)車(chē)。）How often does this shuttle bus run? （這班車(chē)多久一趟？）F) 在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在（有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）表示將來(lái)事 情。例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成這份報(bào)告的

4、時(shí)候，我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個(gè)小時(shí)了。）2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(be doing) 用法：現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。二、用法說(shuō)明表示此時(shí)此刻或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Theyre having a meeting. 他們?cè)陂_(kāi)會(huì)。Im studying at an evening school. 我在上夜校。表示計(jì)劃或安排好了的將來(lái)動(dòng)作，常與一個(gè)表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Mike is coming home on Thursday. 邁克星期四回來(lái)。Theyre having a party next week. 下星期他們將開(kāi)一個(gè)晚會(huì)。注：表示安排將要做的事，人作主語(yǔ)宜用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，事物作主語(yǔ)，宜用一般

5、現(xiàn)在時(shí)。試比較：Im not going out this evening. 今晚我不準(zhǔn)備出去。(不宜說(shuō)I dont) The concert starts at 7: 30. 音樂(lè)會(huì)七點(diǎn)半開(kāi)始。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always, often, forever等連用表示贊揚(yáng)、厭煩等語(yǔ)氣。如：Youre always interrupting me! 你老打斷我的話!(抱怨) My father is always losing his car keys. 我爸老丟車(chē)鑰匙。(不滿(mǎn)) Shes always helping people. 她老是幫助別人。(贊揚(yáng)) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替過(guò)

6、去將來(lái)時(shí)。如：He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise. (from )注意：像 be, think, understand, love, have, own, see, hear, find, belong to 等靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。主 語(yǔ)肯 定 式否 定 式疑 問(wèn) 式 第一、二人稱(chēng)和第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù) I am driving.He/She/It is working.We/You/They are doing something.  I am not driving.He/S

7、he/It is not working.We/You/They are not doing anything.  Are you driving?Is he/she/it working?Are you/they doing something? 三現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句形式：3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have done)用法：A) 表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。例：I bought a new house, but I _ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A) didn

8、9;t sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell答案是C) haven't sold。B) 表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況，并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用since加一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或for加一段時(shí)間，或by加一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A) are to challenge C) ha

9、ve been challenged B) may be challenged D) are challenging全句的意思是：“雖然牛頓是個(gè)偉大的人物，但他的許多見(jiàn)解直到今天還在受到挑戰(zhàn)，并且被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物動(dòng)詞，在本句中應(yīng)當(dāng)是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；其動(dòng)作延續(xù)到今天，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)?？梢?jiàn)答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging都是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不可能是答案。B) may be challenged雖然是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但意思與全句內(nèi)容不合，所以不對(duì)。C) 表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍

10、有影響的動(dòng)作或情況。通常用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。例：John has broken his left leg.（約翰摔斷了左腿。）注意事項(xiàng)A) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是聯(lián)系過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的紐帶?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)態(tài)，或受動(dòng)態(tài)的影響，是動(dòng)態(tài)的結(jié)果，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響；過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。這只是講述一個(gè)過(guò)去的事實(shí)，他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。）He has worked in tha

11、t hospital for 8 years.（他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。表示他從過(guò)去開(kāi)始工作，一直工作到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。）B) 因?yàn)楹衒or加一段時(shí)間或since加一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的完成時(shí)，有動(dòng)態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點(diǎn)，所以不能使用終端動(dòng)詞或瞬間動(dòng)詞。例：My sister has been married for 5 years.（過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)）My sister has married. Don't disturb her.（終端動(dòng)詞）C) 在"this is the first/ second/ third time that&q

12、uot;句型里要求用完成時(shí)。例：This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國(guó)際展覽會(huì)。）D) 句型"It is/ has beensince"所使用的兩種時(shí)態(tài)都正確。例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（從我上次見(jiàn)到他以來(lái)已經(jīng)10年了。）E) 在"no sooner than"、"hardly/

13、 scarcely when"、"before"、"prior to"等句型中，主句要求完成時(shí)。例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.（以前我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)那位教授。）4. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(have been doing)用法：表示某一動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)間，延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來(lái)。例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前為止，我們一直在處理那個(gè)項(xiàng)目，已經(jīng)花了一個(gè)多月時(shí)間了。）注意事項(xiàng)

14、：與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)：在從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間里，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。例：1997年6月四級(jí)第45題It seems oil _ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.A) had leaked B) is leaking C) leaked D) has been leaking從本題上下文看，這兩個(gè)句子的意思是：“看來(lái)，這個(gè)管道漏油已有一段時(shí)間了，我們將不得不拆卸機(jī)器排除故障。”第二句表示將要采取的措施。第一句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在第二句

15、之前，并且延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在為止仍在繼續(xù)。因此，空格中需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。D) has been leaking是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，因此是本題的答案。有11%的考生誤選了B) is leaking。由于本句有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for some time，表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作延續(xù)，謂語(yǔ)不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，必須用和完成時(shí)有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。有些考生誤選了C) leaked或A) had leaked。是因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有注意到本題第二句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，所以第一句的謂語(yǔ)不能用過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。5. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)用法：A) 表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。B) 表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。特別是由would/ used to do表達(dá)的句型

16、，本身表示的 就是過(guò)去時(shí)。例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.（老人過(guò)去常常坐在寧?kù)o的公園里的一條長(zhǎng)椅上，看著其他的人，一坐就是數(shù)個(gè)小時(shí)，什么也不干，也不和任何人交談。）He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。）C) 有時(shí)可代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語(yǔ)氣。例：I wanted to a

17、sk you if I could borrow your car?（我想向您借車(chē)用一用，可以嗎？）Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在這里嗎？）注意事項(xiàng)：A) 注意時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間的詞或詞組，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，絕對(duì)不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用，因?yàn)檫@樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)都與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。B) used to do的否定形式和疑問(wèn)形式很特別：你怎么寫(xiě)

18、都正確。以否定形式為例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都對(duì)。Used to do經(jīng)常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。前者表示"過(guò)去常?；蜻^(guò)去曾經(jīng)"，要求加動(dòng)詞原形；后者表示"習(xí)慣于"，要求加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。6. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had done)用法：表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)。就是我們常說(shuō)的：表示"過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)"。Until then, his family _ from

19、him for six months.A) didn't hear C) hasn't heard B) hasn't been hearing D) hadn't heard全句的意思是：“到那時(shí)為止，他家里已經(jīng)有六個(gè)月沒(méi)得到他的消息了?！庇纱丝梢钥闯?，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻才完成，因此謂語(yǔ)要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案是D)。其它選項(xiàng)中：A) didn't hear，因?yàn)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)，所以不能與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for six months連用。B) hasn't been hearing，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻繼

20、續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，與題意不符。C) hasn't heard，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻到現(xiàn)在為止發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。而題中的then只表示過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻，不能表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。注意事項(xiàng)：“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”這種邏輯關(guān)系常通過(guò)上下文體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，而不一定受某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的限制。例：There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.（剛才有人在我們的房間里，因?yàn)槲覀兇蜷_(kāi)前門(mén)進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我注意到

21、地板上有一支仍在燃燒的香煙。）分析：雖然時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是just now，似乎應(yīng)該使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但是“在房間里”這個(gè)狀態(tài)是在"開(kāi)門(mén)"和"注意"這兩個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作之前就存在的，所以應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。7. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(would/ should do)用法：表示從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的事。例：I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.（我星期四說(shuō)我將于第二天拜訪我的朋友。）注意事項(xiàng)：由于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)是由過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)組合而成的，所以其注意事項(xiàng)可以參考過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)的相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。8. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

22、(was/ were doing)用法：A) 表示在過(guò)去一個(gè)比較具體的時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例：Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.（10分鐘前，瑪麗正在聽(tīng)輕音樂(lè)。）B) 如果when, while這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞所引導(dǎo)的主從句之一是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則另一個(gè)句子常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例：I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.（你敲前門(mén)時(shí)我正在洗頭發(fā)。）注意事項(xiàng)：其它與將來(lái)時(shí)有關(guān)的事項(xiàng)請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)下面所講的一般將來(lái)時(shí)。9. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)用法：A) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)是will / sh

23、all do。例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.（我們將送給她一個(gè)玻璃的手工制品，作為給她的生日禮物。）B) 有些動(dòng)詞，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般進(jìn)行時(shí)，并且通常與一個(gè)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，可以表示將來(lái)時(shí)。例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying her

24、e until May.（我媽媽下周將來(lái)看我，并會(huì)呆到5月。）C) 表示“打算去，要”時(shí)，可用be going to do。例：This is just what I am going to say.（這正是我想說(shuō)的。）D) 表示“即將、正要”時(shí)，可用be about to do。強(qiáng)調(diào)近期內(nèi)或馬上要做的事。例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.（別擔(dān)心，我馬上就給你做一次仔細(xì)的檢查。）E) "be to do"的5種用法：a) 表示“按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。例：She

25、 is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你準(zhǔn)會(huì)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室見(jiàn)到她。）b) 該做或不該做的事情（語(yǔ)氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語(yǔ)氣。例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子們，你們必須 上床睡覺(jué)，不準(zhǔn)吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內(nèi)就要到了。）c) 能或不能發(fā)生的事情（接近c(diǎn)an, may）例：How am I to pay such a debt?（

26、我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢？）d) 不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情，后來(lái)將要發(fā)生的事情。例：I assure you that the matter _ as quickly as possible. Have a little patience.A. will be attended B. will be attended toC. is attended D. is attended towill be attended to關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)是：attend表示“處理，解決”時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞，必須與to連用。另外，從上下文看，事情顯然尚未解決，所以應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案是B。e) 用于條件從句

27、“如果想，設(shè)想”（接近if want to,或if should）例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage _ avoided.A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been答案是A) is to be。全句的意思是：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必須作出更大努力來(lái)增加農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量?！盕) 同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。例：The coach is on the point of

28、 giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.（教練想要放棄這場(chǎng)比賽了，因?yàn)閷?duì)方已經(jīng)射進(jìn)了7個(gè)球。）例：1999年6月四級(jí)第65題I was _ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.A) in B) to C) at D) on答案是D)。on the point of doing 是固定詞組，意思是“正要、打算”。全句的意思是：“當(dāng)他的信到的時(shí)候我正要打電話給他?！弊⒁馐马?xiàng)：在以if, when, as long as, as soon as,

29、after, before, in case, until, unless等連詞以及具有連詞作用的副詞（immediately, the moment, directly）等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。強(qiáng)調(diào)延續(xù)性或動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí)，可用完成時(shí)。例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.（我希望到明年你回來(lái)的時(shí)候，他的身體已經(jīng)好多了。）10. 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)(will be doing) 用法：強(qiáng)調(diào)在將來(lái)的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。例：Don't worry, you won

30、't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.（別擔(dān)心，你不會(huì)認(rèn)不出她的。她到時(shí)會(huì)穿一件紅色的T恤衫和一條白色的短裙。）注意事項(xiàng)：由于本時(shí)態(tài)是由將來(lái)時(shí)和進(jìn)行時(shí)融合在一起的，所以關(guān)于本時(shí)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)，可參考"一般將來(lái)時(shí)"和"現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)"的有關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。11. 將來(lái)完成時(shí)(will have done)用法：表示從將來(lái)的某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始、延續(xù)到另一個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或是發(fā)生在某個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間，但對(duì)其后的另一個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間有影響的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。就好象把

31、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)平移到時(shí)間軸的將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)段一樣。其用法從和過(guò)去及現(xiàn)在有關(guān)，變成了和將來(lái)及將來(lái)的將來(lái)有關(guān)。例：1997年1月四級(jí)第22題The conference _ a full week by the time it ends.A) must have lasted B) will have lasted C) would last D) has lasted本題考核謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。全句的意思是：“會(huì)議從開(kāi)始到結(jié)束將持續(xù)整整一個(gè)星期。”句中by the time it ends表示動(dòng)作要延續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻，因此要用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。答案是B) will have lasted。如果選A)，因?yàn)榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞m

32、ust后面接動(dòng)詞不定式的完成時(shí)形式表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的一種肯定推測(cè)，而本句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended，所以犯了時(shí)態(tài)不呼應(yīng)的錯(cuò)誤。Would雖可以表示推測(cè)或可能性，但would last不能表示延續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作，所以C) would last錯(cuò)誤。因?yàn)镈) has lasted是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，不能表示延續(xù)到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作，所以也不正確。注意事項(xiàng)：由于本時(shí)態(tài)是由將來(lái)時(shí)和完成時(shí)融合在一起的，所以關(guān)于本時(shí)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)，可以參考“一般將來(lái)時(shí)”和“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”的有關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。12 將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：

33、shall have been doing ，will have been doing例：By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. （到下個(gè)月底為止，這項(xiàng)工程就已經(jīng)不停地進(jìn)行了3年了。）（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）13 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：had been doing例：The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came

34、 back home.（我回到家之前，我10歲大的兒子已經(jīng)把這個(gè)舊鐘表拆卸并重新組裝了好幾回了。）（此處強(qiáng)調(diào)“拆卸”和“組裝”這兩個(gè)過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一直在反復(fù)進(jìn)行。）（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）14 過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)：should be doing , would be doing 例：The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.（政府承諾說(shuō)第二年7月將有一條新的高速公路正在修建。）（此句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是具體的將來(lái)時(shí)間，所以最好用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。）（此句為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）15 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)：should have don

35、e , would have done例：I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.（我堅(jiān)信到那年年底為止，那個(gè)軟件的新版本將被開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)。但是我錯(cuò)了。）（此句為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）16 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：should have been doing , would have been doing例：They said that by the end of the following month, the projec

36、t would have been being worked for 3 years. （他們說(shuō)到第二個(gè)月底為止，這項(xiàng)工程就已經(jīng)不停地進(jìn)行了3年了。） 初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)100題1.I will tell him as soon as he _ backA. come B. comes C. will come D. came2. Mary _ on shoes when she _ them.A. triesbuys B. tries buies C. trys buys D. trys buies3. The girl often _ cold when she _.A. cathcsdan

37、ces B. catches dances C. catchsdancees D. catches dancee4. _ he _ himself there? No, I don't think so. A. Doenjoy B. Does enjoies C. Does enjoys D. Doesenjoy5. _ your teacher _ from them very often? Certainly.A. Dohear B. Doeshear C. Do receive D. receive6. _ your mother _ some cleaning on Sunda

38、ys?A. Doesdoes B. Dodoes C. Doesdo D. Do do7. _ Tom _to work hard to help his family ? Yes, he _.A. Has xdoes B. Hasxdoes C. Doeshashas D. Does havedoes8. Which teacher _ lessons to you every day ?A. does gives B. does give C. do give D. gives 9. Smith does not go fishing on weekdays, _? _ , he does

39、.A. does heNo B. does heYes C. doesn't heNo D. doesn't heYes10.Mr Black often _ fishing on Sundays, _ he ?A. goesdoesn't B. goesisn't C. doesn't godoes D. doesn't gois11.He usually _ TV on Sunday evening.A. watch B. watches C. watching D. is watching12. We'll go to play w

40、ith snow if it _ tomorrow.A. snow B. snows C. will snow D. snowed13. Neither I nor he _ French. A. speak B. doesn't speak C. speaks D. doesn't speak14. Nobody _ how to run this machines.A . know B. have known C. knows D. is knowing15. The Young Pioneer _ water for the old man every day.A. ca

41、rry B. bring C. takes D. carries16. Some are _ in the river and some are _ games.A. swimming playing B. swimmingplaiingC. swimming I playing D. swimmingplaing17. Look ! The boy students are _ football while the girls are _ .A. playing dance B. playing dancingC. play dancing D. play dance18. He _ to

42、do his lessons at eight every evening.A. is beginning B. is beginning C. begin D. begins 19. _ he _ on well with his friends this term ?A. Doesgets B. Doesget C. Isgetting D. Isgeting20. Mr Smith _ short stories, but he _ a TV play these days.A. is writingis writing B. is writing writesC. writes is

43、writing D. writes writes 21. I _ to the cinema. I _ there every Sunday.A. gogo B. am going go C. go am going D. am goingam going22. Look, they_ a good time, _ they ?A. havedo B. havedon't C. are havingare D. are having aren't23. You _ about the future now, _ you ?A. don't thinkdon't

44、B. aren't thinking aren'tC. don't think do D. aren't thinking are24. She always _ something whenever she _.A .studiedplayed B. studiedplaied C. studiedplaied D. studied played 25. He often _ late in the forest. It _ me very much.,A. stayedworried B. staied worriedC. stayedworryed D.

45、staied worried26. I _that the boy _ with no tears in his eyes.A. noticed cryed B. noticed criedC. noticedcried D. noticed cryed27. We _the floor and _ all the windows.A. mopped cleanned B. moped cleanedC. moppedcleaned D. moped cleaned28. When I _ the Children's Palace, the children _ with joy.A

46、. visited jumpped B. visited jumped C. visited jumped D. visited jumpped 29. _ a sports meet last Sunday ? Yes , they _.A. Did they have did B. Did they have had C. Had they had D. Had they did 30. _ you _out for a walk after supper ? Yes, I _.A. Didwentwent B. Did go went C. Did went did D. Did go

47、did31. _ Jack _ on with his work or _ to have a rest? A. Did went stopped B. Did go stopC. Did went stop D. Did go stopped32. You gave them a talk two days ago, _you ? Yes, I _.A. did did B. did gave C. didn't did D. didn't gave 33. _ your brother _ a letter to ? My father.A. Who wrote B. Wh

48、atwrote C. Who didwrite D. What did write34. They _ about the TV news then in the sitting-room. They often _ such talksA. talkedhad B. talkhave C. were talkinghad D. are talkinghave35. He _ some cooking at that time, so _ me.A. did heard B. did didn't hearC. was doing heard D. was doing didn'

49、;t hear36. " _ you angry then?" "They_ too much noise.”A. Arewere making B. Werewere makingC. Aremade D. Were made37. This time yesterday Jack _ his, bike. He _ TV.A. repaired didn't watch B. was repairing watched C. repaired watched D. was repairing wasn't watching 38. We _ f

50、or Tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.A. were waiting waiting B. were waiting wait C. waited waiting D. waited wait 39. When you _ at the door, I _ some washing.A. knocked did B. was knocking did C. knocked was doing D. knock am doing 40. The boy_ English on the radio when I _ his door.A. le

51、arned was opening B. was learning openedC. learned opened D. is learning open 41. When they_ through the forest, a bear _ at them.A. walked was coming B. were walking cameC. were talking comes D. walk is coming42. A young man _ her while she _ her work .A. watched was finishing B. was watching

52、finished C. watched finished D. was watching was finishing43. While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kack.A. did made B. was doing madeC. was doing was making D. did was making44. I _ myself French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I _ to work.A. was teaching didn't go B. taught didn't goC

53、. was teaching went D. taught went45. He _ a model plane when I came to see him.A. makes B. is making C. was making D. made46. I _ a letter at nine last night.A. is writing B. was writing C. wrote D. is writing47. The teacher_ (give) us a history lesson when Tom walked into the classroom.A. gave B.

54、is giving C. was given D. was giving48. There will be a football match in two days, that is _.A. last Sunday B. next SundayC. every Sunday D. this Sunday49. We _ class meeting this November.A. had B. have C. will have D. are having50. He _ in his garden every morning next year. A. will work B. works

55、 C. worked D. is working51. Be careful. The train _.A. will come B. C. comes D. is coming52. Look at those clouds. It _ soon, I'm afraid.A. is going to rain B. is raining C. will rain D. won't rain53. The radio says it _ the day after tomorrow.A. is going to snow B. is snowing C. will snow D. snows54. _ he _ some shopping tomorrow afternoon ?A. Willdoes B. is going to do C. isdoing D. Shall do