商務(wù)英語詞匯大全(BEC)

1、商務(wù)英語詞匯大全（一）economist經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家socialist economy社會主義經(jīng)濟(jì) capitalist economy資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì) collective economy 集體經(jīng)濟(jì) planned economy 計戈U經(jīng)濟(jì) controlled economy 管制經(jīng)濟(jì) rural economics 農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì) liberal economy 經(jīng)濟(jì) mixed economy混合經(jīng)濟(jì) political economy 政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) protectionism 保護(hù)主義 autarchy閉關(guān)自守 primary sector 初級成分 private sector私營成分，私營部門

2、 public sector公共部門，公共成分 economic channels 經(jīng)濟(jì)渠道 economic balance 經(jīng)濟(jì)平衡 economic fluctuation 經(jīng)濟(jì)波動 economic depression 經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退 economic stability 經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定 economic policy 經(jīng)濟(jì)政策 economic recovery 經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)原 understanding 約定 concentration 集中 holding company 控股公司 trust托拉斯 cartel k特爾rate of growth 增長economic trend 經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢 e

3、conomic situation 經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢 infrastructure 基本建設(shè) standard of living生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，生活水平 purchasing power, buying power 購買力 scarcity 短缺stagnation停滯，蕭條，不景氣 underdevelopment 不發(fā)達(dá)underdeveloped 不發(fā)達(dá)的developing發(fā)展中的initial capital 創(chuàng)辦資本frozen capital 凍結(jié)資金frozen assets凍結(jié)資產(chǎn)fixed assets固定資產(chǎn)real estate不動產(chǎn)，房地產(chǎn)circulating capital,

4、 working capital 流動資本available capital 可用資產(chǎn)capital goods資本貨物reserve準(zhǔn)備金，儲備金calling up of capital 催繳資本allocation of funds 資金分配contribution of funds 資金捐獻(xiàn)working capita! fund 周轉(zhuǎn)基金revolving fund循環(huán)基金，周轉(zhuǎn)性基金contingency fund意外開支,準(zhǔn)備金reserve fund 準(zhǔn)備金buffer fund緩沖基金，平準(zhǔn)基金sinking fund償債基金investment投資，資產(chǎn)investor投資

5、人self-financing自籌經(jīng)費，經(jīng)費自給bank銀行current account 經(jīng)常帳戶(美作:checking account)current-account holder 支票帳戶(美作:checking-account holder)cheque 支票(美作:check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 無記名支票，來人支票crossed cheque 劃線支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook支票簿，支票本(美作:checkbook)endorsement 背書transfer轉(zhuǎn)讓，轉(zhuǎn)帳，

6、過戶money貨幣issue發(fā)行ready money 現(xiàn)錢cash現(xiàn)金ready money business, no credit given 現(xiàn)金交易，概不賒欠 change零錢banknote, note 鈔票，紙幣（美作:bill）to pay （in） cash 付現(xiàn)金domestic currency, local currency 本國貨幣convertibility 可兌換性convertible currencies 可兌換貨幣exchange rate匯率,兌換率foreign exchange 夕卜匯floating exchange rate 浮動匯率free exc

7、hange rates 匯兌市場foreign exchange certificate 外匯兌換券hard currency 硬通貨speculation 投機(jī)saving儲裝，存款depreciation 減價，貶值devaluation （貨幣）貶值revaluation 重估價runaway inflation無法控制的通貨膨脹deflation通貨緊縮capital flight資本外逃securities business 證券市場stock exchange 貢市場stock exchange corporation 證券交易所stock exchange證券交易所，貢交易所qu

8、otation報價，牌價share股份，貢shareholder, stockholder 貢持有人，股東dividend股息，紅利cash dividend現(xiàn)金配股stock investment 貢投資investment trust 投資信托stock-jobber貢經(jīng)紀(jì)人stock company, stock brokerage firm 證券公司securities有價證券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 優(yōu)先股income gain股利收入£> /二.zrr.issue及仃貝par value股面價格，票面價格bull

9、買手，多頭bear賣手，空頭assigned 過戶opening price 開盤closing price 收盤hard times 低潮business recession 景氣衰退doldrums景氣停滯dull盤整ease松弛raising limit 漲停板break暴跌bond, debenture 債券Wall Street 華爾街short term loan 短期貸款long term loan長期貸款medium term loan 中期貸款lender債權(quán)人creditor債權(quán)人debtor債務(wù)人，借方borrower借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest

10、利息rate of interest 利率discount貼現(xiàn)，折扣rediscount 再貼現(xiàn)annuity 年金maturity到期日，償還日amortization攤銷，攤還，分期償付redemption 償還insurance 保險mortgage 抵押allotment 撥款short term credit 短期信貸consolidated debt 合并債務(wù)funded debt固定債務(wù)，長期債務(wù)floating debt流動債務(wù)drawing提款，提存aid援助allowance, grant, subsidy 補貼,補助金，津貼short term loan 短期貸款long

11、 term loan長期貸款medium term loan 中期貸款lender債權(quán)人creditor債權(quán)人debtor債務(wù)人，借方borrower借方,借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount貼現(xiàn)，折扣rediscount 再貼現(xiàn)annuity 年金maturity到期口，償還日amortization攤銷，攤還，分期償付redemption 償還insurance 保險mortgage 抵押allotment 撥款short term credit 短期信貸consolidated debt 合并債務(wù)funded debt

12、固定債務(wù)，長期債務(wù)floating debt流動債務(wù)drawing提款，提存aid援助allowance, grant, subsidy 補貼，補助金，津貼cost成本，費用expenditure, outgoings 開支，支出fixed costs固定成本overhead costs營業(yè)間接成本overheads雜項開支，間接成本operating costs生產(chǎn)費用，營業(yè)成本operating expenses 營業(yè)費用running expenses 口常費用，經(jīng)營費用miscellaneous costs 雜項費用overhead expenses間接費用，管理費用upkeep co

13、sts, maintenance costs 維修費用，養(yǎng)護(hù)費用transport costs 運輸費用social charges社會負(fù)擔(dān)費用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有費用apportionment of expenses 分?jǐn)傎M用income收入，收益earnings利潤，收益gross income, gross earnings 總收入，總收益gross profit, gross benefit毛利，總利潤，利益毛額net income純收益，凈收入，收益凈額average income 平均收入national income 國收入p

14、rofitability, profit earning capacity 利潤率，贏利率yield產(chǎn)量收益,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值，升值duty 稅taxation system 稅制taxation征稅，納稅fiscal charges 財務(wù)稅收progressive taxation 累進(jìn)稅制graduated tax 累進(jìn)稅value added tax 增值稅income tax所得稅land tax地租,地價稅excise tax特許權(quán)稅basis of assessment 估稅標(biāo)準(zhǔn)taxable income須納稅的收入fis

15、cality 檢查tax-free免稅的tax exemption 免稅taxpayer納稅人tax collector 收稅員China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T.中國國際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會National Council for US-China Trade 美中貿(mào)易全國理事會Japan-China Economic Association 日中經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)會Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本國際貿(mào) 易促進(jìn)會Britis

16、h Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英國國際貿(mào)易 促進(jìn)委員會_International Chamber of Commerce 國際商會International Union of Marine Insurance 國際海洋運輸保險協(xié)會International Alumina Association 國際鋁磯 土協(xié)會Universal Postal Union, UPU 萬國郵政聯(lián)盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 關(guān)稅合作理事會United Nations Trade and Develo

17、pment Board 聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展理事 會Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 經(jīng)濟(jì) 合作與開發(fā)組織European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 歐洲 經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體European Free Trade Association, EFTA 歐洲貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 歐洲貿(mào)易區(qū)Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 經(jīng)濟(jì)互助委員會Eurogroup歐洲集團(tuán)Gro

18、up of Ten十國集團(tuán)Committee of Twenty (Paris Club) 二十國委員會Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎統(tǒng)籌委員會Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-Trade Association, CARIFTA加勒比共同市場(加勒比貿(mào)易同盟)Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization, ATO 安 第斯共同市場Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁 美洲貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟

19、Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市場African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲與馬爾加什 共同組織East African Common Market, EACM 東非共同市場Central African Customs and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非關(guān)稅經(jīng)濟(jì) 同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPE

20、C 石油輸出國 組織Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC 阿拉伯石油輸出國組織Commonwealth Preference Area 英聯(lián)邦特惠區(qū)Centre National du Commerce Exterieur, National Center of ExternalTrade法國對外貿(mào)易中心People's Bank of China 中國人銀行Bank of China中國銀行International Bank for Reconstruction and development, IBRD

21、 國際復(fù) 興開發(fā)銀行World Bank世界銀行International Development association, IDA 國際開發(fā)協(xié)會International Monetary Found Agreement 國際貨幣基金協(xié)定International Monetary Found, IMF 國際貨幣基金組織European Economic and Monetary Union 歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)與貨幣同盟European Monetary Cooperation Fund 歐洲貨幣合作基金B(yǎng)ank for International Settlements, BIS 國際結(jié)算銀行Afr

22、ican Development Bank, AFDB 非洲開發(fā)銀行Export-Import Bank of Washington 美國進(jìn)出口 銀行National city Bank of New York 花旗銀行American Oriental Banking Corporation 美豐銀行American Express Co. Inc.美國萬國寶通銀行The Chase Bank大通銀行Inter-American Development Bank, IDB 泛美開發(fā)銀行European Investment Bank, EIB 歐洲投資銀行Midland Bank,Ltd,米

23、蘭銀行United Bank of Switzerland 瑞士聯(lián)合銀行Dresden Bank A.G.德累斯敦銀行Bank of Tokyo,Ltd.東京銀行Hongkong and Shanghai Corporation 香港匯豐銀行International Finance Corporation, IFC 國際金融公司La Communaute Financieve Africane 非洲金融共同體Economic and Social Council, ECOSOC聯(lián)合國經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會理事會 United Nations Development Program, NUDP 聯(lián)合國開發(fā)

24、計戈U署 United Nations Cipital Development Fund, UNCDF 聯(lián)合國資本開發(fā)基 金United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIDO 聯(lián)合國工 業(yè)發(fā)展組織United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 聯(lián)合 國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會議Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO 糧食與農(nóng)業(yè)組織，糧農(nóng)組織 Economic Commission for Europe, ECE 歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會Econ

25、omic Commission for Latin America, ECLA 拉丁美洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會 Economic Commission for Asia and Far East, ECAFE 亞洲及遠(yuǎn)東經(jīng)濟(jì) 委員會氏onomic Commission for Western Asia, ECWA 西亞經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會 Economic Commission for Africa, ECA 非洲經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會 Overseas Chinese Investment Company 華僑投資公司 New York Stock Exchange, NYSE 紐約證券交易所London Stock Mar

26、ket 倫敦貢市場Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange波羅的海商業(yè)和航運交易所 instruction, education 教育culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three R's 讀、寫、算school year 學(xué)年term, trimester 學(xué)季semester 學(xué)期school day 教學(xué)口school holidays 假期curriculum 課程subject 學(xué)科discipline 紀(jì)律tim

27、etable課程表class, lesson 課homework家庭作業(yè)exercise 練習(xí)dictation 聽寫spelling mistake 拼寫錯誤(short) course 短訓(xùn)班seminar研討班playtime, break 課間，休息to play truant, to play hooky 逃學(xué)，曠課course (of study)學(xué)業(yè)student body 學(xué)生(總稱)classmate, schoolmate 同學(xué)pupil小學(xué)生student大學(xué)生schoolboy 男生schoolgirl 女生auditor旁聽生swot, grind用的學(xué)生old bo

28、y老生grant, scholarship, fellowship 獎學(xué)金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow 獎學(xué)金獲得者school uniform .校月艮teaching staff教育工作者（總稱）teachers教師（總稱）primary school teacher 小學(xué)老師teacher lecturer 大學(xué)老師professor 教授schooling教授，授課assistant 助教headmaster 校長 （女性為:headmistress）deputy headmaster, deputy head 副校長rector校長dean教務(wù)

29、長laboratory assistant, lab assistant 實驗員beadle, porter門房，學(xué)校工友games master, gym teacher, gym instructor 體育教師private tutor私人教師，家庭教師pedagogue文學(xué)教師（蔑稱）of school age 教齡beginning of term 開學(xué)matriculation 注川了to enroll, to enroll 予以注冊to take lessons （學(xué)生）上課to teach （老師）上課to study 學(xué)習(xí)to learn by heart 記住，掌握to re

30、vise, to go over 復(fù)習(xí)test考試to test考試to take an examination, to sit an examination, to do an examination 參力口考試convocation notice 考試通知examiner考試者board of examiners 考試團(tuán)examination oral, written examination 口 試，筆試question 問題question paper 試卷crib夾帶（美作:trot）to pass an examination （或 exam）, 通過考試pass, passing

31、 grade 升級prizegiving分配獎品to fall an examination 未通過考試failure未考好to repeat a year 留級degree學(xué)位graduate畢業(yè)生to graduate 畢業(yè)project, thesis 畢業(yè)論文General Certificate of Education 中學(xué)畢業(yè)證書 （美作:high school diploma）holder of the General Certificate of Education 中學(xué)畢業(yè)生 （美 作:holder of a high school diploma） doctorate 博

32、 士學(xué)位doctor 博士competitive examination 答辯考試Chinese 語文English 英語Japanese 日語mathematics 數(shù)學(xué)science 理科gymnastics 體育history 歷史algebra 代數(shù)geometry 幾何geogniphy 地理biology 生物chemistry 化學(xué)physics 物理physical geography 地球物理 literature 文學(xué) sociology社會學(xué) psycology心理學(xué) philosophy 哲學(xué) engineering 工程學(xué)mechanical engineering

33、機(jī)械工程學(xué) electronic engineering 電子工程學(xué) medicine 醫(yī)學(xué) social science 社會科學(xué) agriculture 農(nóng)學(xué) astronomy天文學(xué) economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) politics政治學(xué) commercial science 商學(xué) biochemistry生物化學(xué) anthropology 人類學(xué) linguistics 語言學(xué) accounting 會計學(xué) Jaw, jurisprdence 法學(xué) banking銀行學(xué) metallurgy 冶金學(xué) finance財政學(xué) mass-communication 大眾傳播學(xué) journalism

34、 新聞學(xué) atomic energy原子能學(xué) civil engineering 土木工程 architecture 建筑學(xué) chemical, engineering 化學(xué)工程 accounting and statisics 會計統(tǒng)計 business administration 工商管理 library圖書館學(xué) diplomacy 外交 foreign language 外文 botany植物 major主修 minor輔修 school學(xué)校kindergarten 幼兒園infant school幼兒學(xué)校primary school, junior school 小學(xué)secondar

35、y school 中學(xué)high school, secondary school ?？茖W(xué)校business school 商業(yè)學(xué)校technical school 工業(yè)學(xué)校technical college 專科學(xué)校(university) campus 大學(xué)university 大學(xué)boarding school供膳宿的學(xué)校day school日校，無宿舍學(xué)校，走讀學(xué)校day student who has lunch at school 提供午餐的走讀學(xué)生 academy?？茖W(xué)院faculty 系hall of residence 學(xué)校公寓classroom 教室lecture theat

36、re 閱 覽室 (美作lecture theater)amphitheatre 階梯教室(美作:amphitheater)staff room教研室headmaster's study, headmaster's office 校長辦公室(assembly) hall 禮堂library圖書館playground 操場desk課桌blackboard 黑板(a piece of) chalk 粉筆slate pencil 石板筆wall map 掛圖s keleton map廓圖,示意圖globe地球儀text book 課本dictionary 詞典encyclopedia百

37、科全書atlas地圖集satchel 書包exercise book 練習(xí)本rough not book 草稿本（美作:scribbling pad）blotting paper 吸墨紙tracing paper 描圖紙squared paper, graph paper 坐標(biāo)紙（fountain） pen 自來水筆biro, ballpoint （pen）圓珠筆pencil鉛筆propelling pencil 自動鉛筆pencil sharpener鉛筆刀，轉(zhuǎn)筆刀ink墨水inkwell墨水池rubber, eraser 橡皮ruler, rule 尺slide rule計算尺set sq

38、uare三角板protractor 量角器compass, pair of compasses 圓規(guī)Ministry of Labour 勞工部 （美作 epartment of Labor）labour market勞工市場，勞務(wù)市場Labour exchange, Employment exchange 職寸k 介名召所 （美 作:Employment Bureau）labour management職業(yè)介紹經(jīng)紀(jì)人full employment整日制工作to be paid by the hour 按小時付酬seasonal work季節(jié)工作piecework work 計件工作timew

39、ork work計時工作teamwork work聯(lián)合工作shift work換班工作assembly line work 組裝線工作 （美作:serial production）workshop 車間handicrafts, crafts 手藝，技藝trade, craft 行當(dāng)profession, occupation 職務(wù)employment, job 工作situation, post 位置job 一件工作vacancy空缺，空額work permit 工作許可證to apply for a job求職，找工作application (for a job) 求職to engage,

40、to employ 雇用work contract勞務(wù)合同industrial accident 勞動事故occupational disease 職業(yè)病vocational guidance 職業(yè)指導(dǎo)vocational training 職業(yè)訓(xùn)I練retraining, reorientation, rehabilitation 再訓(xùn)I練,再培訓(xùn)Iholidays, holiday, vacation 假期labour costs, labour input 勞力成本fluctuation of labour 勞力波動 (美作 f labor)worker工作者permanent work

41、er長期工，固定工personnel, staff 人員employee 職員clerk, office worker 辦公室人員salary earner雇傭工人workman 工人organized labour參加工會的工人skilled worker 技術(shù)工人unskilled worker非技術(shù)工人specialized worker 熟練工人farm worker農(nóng)場工人labourer worker 農(nóng)業(yè)工人day labourer 口 工seasonal worker 季節(jié)工collaborator 合作者foreman 工頭trainee, apprentice 學(xué)徒工app

42、renticeship 學(xué)徒artisan, craftsman 工匠specialist 專家night shift 夜班shortage of labour, shortage of manpower 缺乏勞力working class工人階級proletarian 無產(chǎn)者proletariat無產(chǎn)階級trade union 工會 （美作:labor union）trade unionist工團(tuán)主義者trade unionism 工團(tuán)主義guild行會，同會，公會association, society, union 協(xié)會emigration 移，移居employer雇主老板shop st

43、eward （工J 的）工會代表 （美作:union delegate）delegate 代表representative 代表works council勞資聯(lián)合委員會labour law勞工法working day, workday 工作日full-time employment, full-time job, full-time work 全天工作part-time employment, part-time job, part-time work 半 日 工作working hours工作時間overtime業(yè)余時間remuneration 才艮酬pay, wage, salary 工資

44、wage index工資指數(shù)minimum wage最低工資basic wage基礎(chǔ)工資gross wages全部收入net, real wages 實際收入hourly wages, wage rate per hour 計時工資monthly wages 月工資weekly wages 周工資piecework wage 計件工資maximum wage 最高工資（美作:wage ceiling）sliding scale按物價計酬法payment in kind用實物付酬daily wages 日工資premium, bonus, extra pay 獎勵payday發(fā)工資日，付薪日pa

45、y slip工資單payroll薪水冊unemployment benefit 失業(yè)救濟(jì)old-age pension退休金，養(yǎng)老金collective agreement工會代表工人與資方代表達(dá)成的協(xié)議retirement 退休claims要求strike罷工striker 罷工者go-slow 怠工（美作:slow-down）lockout停工（業(yè)主為抵制工人的要求而停工）staggered stiike階段性罷工strike picket罷工糾察隊員strike pay罷工津貼（由工會給的）strikebreaker, blackleg 破壞罷工者down tools, sit-down

46、 strike 靜坐demonstration, manifestation 示威sanction 制裁unemployment 失業(yè)seasonal unemployment 季節(jié)性失業(yè)underemployment 不充分就業(yè)unemployed man失業(yè)者（個人）the unemployed失業(yè)者（集體）to discharge, to dismiss 辭退，開除，解雇dismissal開除，解雇to terminate a contract結(jié)束合同，結(jié)束契約negotiation 談判collective bargaining勞資雙方就工資等問題談判receptionist 接待員t

47、ypist打字員key puncher電腦操作員stenographer 速記員tel ephone operator 電話接線員programmer電腦程序員system analyst系統(tǒng)分析員shorthand typist速記打字員office girl女記事員public servants 公務(wù)員national public servant 國家公務(wù)員local public service employee 地方公務(wù)員nation railroad man國營鐵路職員tracer繪圖員illustrator 匯稿員 saleswoman 女店員 pilot駕駛員simultane

48、ous同時譯員 publisher出版人員graphic designer美術(shù)設(shè)計員 delivery boy 送報員 secretary 秘書policeman 警察journalist 記者 editor編輯 interpreter 通譯者， director 導(dǎo)演 talent星探 actor男演員 actress女演員 photographer 攝影師 scholar 學(xué)者translator 翻譯家 novelist小說家 playwright 劇作家 linguist語言學(xué)家 botanist植物學(xué)家 economist經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家 chemist化學(xué)家 scientist科學(xué)家 ph

49、ilosopher 哲學(xué)家 politician政治學(xué)家 physicist物理學(xué)家 astropologist 人類學(xué)家 archaeologist 考古學(xué)家 geologist地質(zhì)學(xué)家 expert on folklore 俗學(xué)家 mathematician 數(shù)學(xué)家 biologist生物學(xué)家 zoologist動物學(xué)家 statistician統(tǒng)計學(xué)家physiologist生理學(xué)家futurologist未來學(xué)家artists藝術(shù)家painter 畫家musician音樂家composer作曲家singer歌唱家designer設(shè)計家sculptor雕刻家designer服裝設(shè)計師fa

50、shion coordinator 時裝調(diào)配師 dressmaker女裝裁剪師cutter裁剪師sewer裁縫師tailor西裝師傅beautician 美容師model模特ballerina芭蕾舞星detective 刑警chief of police 警察局長taxi driver出租車司機(jī)clerk店員mailman 郵差newspaper boy 報童bootblack擦鞋童poet詩人copywriter 撰稿人producer制片人newscaster新聞評論人milkman送奶人merchant 商人florist賣花人baker面包師greengrocer 菜販fish-mon

51、ger 魚販butcher 肉販shoe-maker 鞋匠saleswoman 女店員stewardess空中小姐conductor 車掌station agent 站長porter行李夫car mechanic汽車修理師architect建筑師civil planner城市設(shè)計師civil engineer 土木技師druggist, chemist, pharmacist 藥劑師 guide導(dǎo)游oil supplier 加油工(public) health nurse 保健護(hù)士dentist牙科醫(yī)生supervisor 監(jiān)工forman工頭doctor醫(yī)生nurse 護(hù)士宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的macr

52、oeconomic通貨膨脹inflation破產(chǎn) insolvency有償還債務(wù)能力的solvent合同 contract匯率 exchange rate緊縮信貸 tighten credit creation私營部門 private sector財政管理機(jī)構(gòu)fiscal authorities 寬松的財政政策slack fiscal policy 稅法 tax bill財政 public finance財政部 the Ministry of Finance平衡預(yù)算 balanced budget繼承稅 inheritance tax 貨幣主義者monetariest增值稅 VAT (valu

53、e added tax) 收入 revenue總需求 aggregate demand商務(wù)英語詞匯大全(二)貨幣化 monetization 赤字 deficit經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣recessiona period when the economy of a country is not successful, business conditions are bad, industrial production and trade are at a low level and there is a lot of unemployment經(jīng)濟(jì)好轉(zhuǎn)turnabout復(fù)蘇 recovery成本推進(jìn)型cost

54、 push貨幣供應(yīng)money supply生產(chǎn)率 productivity勞動力 labor force實際工資real wages成本推進(jìn)式通貨膨脹cost-push inflation 需求拉動式通貨膨脹demand-pull inflation 雙位數(shù)通貨膨脹double- digit inflation極度通貨膨脹hyperinflation長期通貨膨脹chronic inflation治理通貨膨脹to fight inflation最終目標(biāo)ultimate goal壞的影響 adverse effect擔(dān)保ensure貼現(xiàn) discount蕭條的sluggish認(rèn)購 subscrib

55、e to支票帳戶 checking account貨幣控制工具 instruments of monetry control 借據(jù) lOUs (I owe you)本票 promissory notes貨 幣總監(jiān) controller of the currency拖收系統(tǒng) collection system支票清算或結(jié)算check clearing資金劃撥 transfer of funds可以相信的證明credentials改革 fashion被纏住entangled貨幣聯(lián)盟 Monetary Union再購協(xié)議repo精明的討價還價交易horse-trading歐元euro公共債務(wù) membership criteria匯率機(jī)制REM儲備貨幣 reserve currency勞動密集型labor-intensive貢交易所bourse競爭領(lǐng)先frontrun牛市 bull market非凡的牛市a raging bull規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì) scale economcies買方出價與賣方