現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀后練習(xí)答案解析

1、Unit 10Preview1 Listen to the recording of the text and Choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1. D 2. D 3. D 4. BVocabulary1 Become familiar with the rule of word formation. 1 Give the corresponding nouns for the following verbs.1. improvement2. endurance3. success4. allowance5.

2、 supply6. provision7. cultivation8. nourishment9. fulfillment10. attempt11. elimination12. refusal 2 Give the corresponding verbs for the following nouns.1. garden2. fertilize3. mix4. liberate5. require6. fail7. endure8. alternate9. result10. satisfy 3 Translate the following expressions. Point out

3、which ing form is a gerund and which a present participle.1. 一家建筑公司（gerund）2. 缺少一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)（present participle）3. 一個(gè)動(dòng)人的故事（present participle）4. 閱讀技能（gerund）5. 一件泳衣（gerund）6. 落日（present participle）7. 起居（gerund）室8. 睡美人（present participle）9. 安眠藥片（gerund）10. 乏味的講演/報(bào)告（present participle）11. 飲用水（gerund）12. 流血的鼻子

4、（present participle）13. 藏身之處（gerund）14. 太籠統(tǒng)/絕對(duì)的話（present participle）15. 狩獵的季節(jié)（gerund）16. 最后的潤(rùn)色（gerund）17. 指導(dǎo)原則（present participle）18. 下個(gè)星期（present participle）19. 顫抖的雙腿（present participle）20. 一張漁網(wǎng)（gerund）21. 一根手杖（gerund）22. 現(xiàn)有的制度（present participle）23. 飲食習(xí)慣（gerund）24. （比薩）斜塔（present participle）25. 一個(gè)

5、有前途的學(xué)生（present participle）26. 正在增長(zhǎng)的人口（present participle） 4 Compare the following expressions and translate them into Chinese.1. 發(fā)展中國(guó)家；發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家2. 正在落下的樹葉；落下的樹葉3. 正在沸騰的水；開(kāi)水4. 正在退敗的戰(zhàn)斗；一場(chǎng)敗仗2 Complete the following verb + collocations or expressions. 1. have/get/show/produce/achieve2. have/take/accept/show/

6、bear/assume 3. discuss/debate/raise/settle/confuse/avoid 4. pursue/have/develop 5. have/make/lose/avoid 6. face/lives/time/money/trouble 7. roots/chairs/hats/coats/gloves/shoes/bandages/make-up/doubts 8. land9.enemies/rivals/opponents/suspects/errors 10. oil/cars/cotton/results/a movie 11. care/time

7、/money/experience/patience/courage 12. the dead/treasure/past/head 13. plants/children/animals/relationship 14. meetings/appointments/time/place/books/flowers/business affairs3 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the expressions listed below. 1. cut out, removed/cut out, from 2. provides/sup

8、plies, with 3. brought back 4. ask, permission 5. empty 6. take, in, through trial and error 7. read, into 8. at great length, providing, with 9. in some ways, at heart4 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs. 1. in 2. up 3. away 4. way 5. out 6. up 7. out 8. up 9. with5 Transla

9、te the following sentences into English. 1. 如果他們拒絕歸還這些小島，他們兩國(guó)的關(guān)系就不能完全正?；?。If they refused to give back these small islands, the two countries would not be able to normalize their diplomatic relations completely. 2. 我知道放棄這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)十分愚蠢，但我別無(wú)選擇。I know that it is stupid to give up this opportunity, but I have

10、no other choice/alternative. 3. 由于缺少公眾的支持，白宮最后退讓了。For lack of public support, the White House had to give in at last. 4. 要一下子消滅毒品不可能，但現(xiàn)在世界上每年都有幾百萬(wàn)以上的人成功地戒了煙。It may not be possible to eliminate drugs all at once/immediately/at one go, but now there are millions of people throughout the world who succ

11、eed in kicking the habit of cigarette smoking every year. 5. 我們已經(jīng)和對(duì)方代表聯(lián)系。我們已安排不久在廈門會(huì)面，討論雙方有興趣的重要問(wèn)題。We have already made contact with the representatives of the other side and arranged to meet in Xiamen before long to discuss important issues we are both interested in. 6. 有一天，那座新樓突然倒塌，樓里很多人都被埋了。One d

12、ay, that new building suddenly gave way/collapsed/fell down, burying many people under it. 7. 愛(ài)情是要雙方培養(yǎng)的，而真正的愛(ài)表現(xiàn)在給予而不是在獲取上。Love requires nourishment from both sides, and true love is in the giving, not in the taking. 8. 奶奶的健康已有改善，她就開(kāi)始把她的財(cái)產(chǎn)分發(fā)給她的親戚朋友。As soon as Grandmas health improved, she began to gi

13、ve out her belongings to her folks and friends.9. 一種長(zhǎng)久的友好關(guān)系要求雙方都十分真誠(chéng)。It requires perfect honesty on both sides to cultivate a lasting/an enduring friendly relationship. 10. 據(jù)稱，今年的經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃已經(jīng)完成，國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)也非常繁榮。It is announced that our economic plan this year has been fulfilled and our domestic/home market has a

14、lso been flourishing.6 Rewrite the following sentences, replacing the phrases in bold type with words and expressions from the text. 1. the prison authorities informed us/announced, manual labor would end, arrange 2. pursue my two favorite hobbies 3. If you want to survive the prison, try to develop

15、 ways to take satisfaction 4. fulfilled 5. asked them for permission to, refused, offering a reason 6. a miner at heart 7. provided/supplied me with seeds, regret giving me permission to, once, garden began to flourish, provided, warders with 8. not until I was behind bars, tend 9. at great length,

16、what she read into 10. hardy plants, My favorite7 Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the words in bold type which may have different meanings in different contexts.1. 缺水已經(jīng)成了一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。我們的鋼廠可能得搬到遠(yuǎn)處去。2. 在沙漠里往往只有那些根很深、葉子很少的植物才能存活。3. 你看了這本雜志的最新一期了嗎？一位著名的科學(xué)家相信我們將在今后兩年里在外太空找到生物。4. 她問(wèn)我有沒(méi)有政府頒

17、發(fā)的關(guān)于細(xì)胞研究的法律文件，我說(shuō)我不知道。5. 牢房里除了兩張小床和一張書桌，幾乎沒(méi)什么空間放其他任何東西了。6. 我得去為我的手機(jī)弄一個(gè)新的干電池來(lái)。7. 在鎮(zhèn)上他給女兒買了一塊巧克力，然后他在離學(xué)校不遠(yuǎn)的酒吧喝了幾杯啤酒。8. 那些犯罪分子被關(guān)進(jìn)鐵窗（bar長(zhǎng)棒，喻指監(jiān)獄）以后，老百姓感覺(jué)如此安全，以至于晚上都不插門閂了。9. 有些人說(shuō)過(guò)，這個(gè)年輕人是當(dāng)律師的料，誰(shuí)也沒(méi)想到結(jié)果他會(huì)進(jìn)班房去。10. 杰克遜在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間曾經(jīng)是有意安插在非洲的一個(gè)美國(guó)間諜。Grammar1 Rewrite the following sentences using a to-infinitive phrase.1

18、. To improve their skills, table tennis players had better go to China for training.2. (In order) To stay alive in the wild, the mountaineers trapped in the mountains had to eat whatever they could find-grass, tree leaves, and even ants.3. To live close to nature, the family moved to the countryside

19、.4. It is human to long for what they dont have, and not to value what they have.5. It takes two to make a quarrel.6. It gives/offers Professor Chen deep satisfaction to hear of her former students achievements.7. Could you arrange for me to meet the chairman of the department sometime this week?8.

20、Ive brought a detective story for you to read during your trip to Nanjing.9. They finally realize that to raise wages and salaries means increasing purchasing power.10. It is not hard to find the truth; what is hard is not to run away from it when you have found it.2 Rewrite the sentences or the und

21、erlined parts using either or or neither nor 1. He spends most of his time either in the lab or in his office. 2. Either shes changed a lot, or you never really knew her! 3. The residents received the news calmly; they were neither depressed nor delighted. 4. The class was so boring that the childre

22、n were either asleep or entirely absorbed/employed in play or other activities. 5. My grandparents could neither read nor write, but they were both well respected for their community spirit. 6. The new Jersey Nets was not the first choice either of Tim himself or his team manager. 7. During the war,

23、 every family lost either the father, or the husband, or a brother, or a son, and sometimes four people in one family were killed. 8. He has neither the leadership qualities nor the personal charm to inspire people. 9. Im sorry I cant help you. Ive neither known nor heard of such a person. 10. Whene

24、ver the garbage man greeted people on his beat, most often the response was either nothing at all or a look of surprise.3 Translate the following sentences into English, using a to-infinitive or either or/neithernor 1. 他反復(fù)說(shuō)他來(lái)中國(guó)是為了擴(kuò)展自己的視野（broaden/widen/expand his horizons）He said again and again that

25、 he had come to China to broaden his horizon. 2. 朱麗葉說(shuō)一天辛苦的工作之后，她沒(méi)有時(shí)間也沒(méi)有精力做運(yùn)動(dòng)了。Julia says she has neither the time nor the energy for sports after a days hard work. 3. 有時(shí)候公開(kāi)不同意自己頂頭上司（immediate boss）的意見(jiàn)是需要勇氣的。Sometimes it takes courage to disagree openly with ones immediate boss. 4. 這里的老師和學(xué)生都認(rèn)為學(xué)英語(yǔ)沒(méi)有什么

26、捷徑。Neither the teachers nor the students here believe there is any shortcut in learning English. 5. 多數(shù)大學(xué)畢業(yè)生在畢業(yè)時(shí)都面臨兩種選擇：找工作或考研。Upon graduation, most college students have two options: either to find a job or to go to graduate school. 6. 讓遭受洪水的災(zāi)民都有住處是救災(zāi)人員（relief workers）當(dāng)前的頭號(hào)任務(wù)。To see all the flood vi

27、ctims properly housed is the relief workers number one task at present. 7. 在中國(guó)期間，我希望能安排我見(jiàn)見(jiàn)我在這里的幾位老朋友。During my stay in China, I would like you to arrange for me to see some of my old friends. 8. 為了避免房?jī)r(jià)上漲過(guò)快，政府保證要采取以系列政策。In order to prevent the price of houses from going up too fast, the government pr

28、omised to adopt/launch a series of policies. 9. 這種面試一般都在飯店或咖啡廳舉行，從不在辦公室舉行。Such interviews are generally conducted either in a hotel or in a café, never in offices. 10. 他們開(kāi)辦了一家收容所，這個(gè)城市里無(wú)家可歸的人在極端天氣情況下（in extreme weather conditions）可以在這里過(guò)夜。They opened a shelter for the citys homeless to stay overnight in extreme weather conditions.4 Fill in each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word. (