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1、歷年專八短文改錯試題2014年英語專八改錯真題答案 There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to&
2、#160;early 1960s. There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also) have possessed the most attention
3、of researchers in this area: (possessed 改為captured) Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first
4、60;language? (one前面加as ) What is the explanation for the fact adults have
5、0; (fact后面加that) more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have? What motivates people&
6、#160;to acquire additional languages? What is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the) acquisition of
7、;an additional language? What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages? From a check of the literature of the field i
8、t is clear that all (去掉the) the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in commo
9、n: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改為attempting) so. Whether
10、;one labels it “l(fā)earning” or “acquiring” an additional language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under
11、60;(or 改為and) focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what
12、;psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改為involved) or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt i
13、n the classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改為contact) 2013年英語專八改錯真題答案 Psycho_linguistics is the name given to the study of
14、60;the psychological processes involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding, production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _
15、listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language. One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) _ happens so effortles
16、sly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) _ Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this
17、 page, (4) _ you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstances we might become aware of the complexity &
18、#160; (5) _involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it; if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has
19、60;influenced (6) _ their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) _ we
20、 try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; or if we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet anyone else who is. As we
21、60;shall see, all these examples (8) _ of what might be called “l(fā)anguage in exceptional circumstances” reveal a great
22、60;deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) _ listening, writing and reading. But given that language processes were normall
23、y so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) _ experiments to get at what is happening. 1. production改成producing 2. 去掉the
24、;3. 去掉accurately前面的so 4. looking改為look 5. we前面加that 6. 去掉colleague后面的has 7. their改成his 8. anyone改成 pure老師someone 9. evolved改成involved 10. were改成are 2012年英語專八改錯真題答案 The central problem of tra
25、nslating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. Theargument has been going since at least the first
26、160; (1) _ century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers favoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the
27、160;letter; the (2) _ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _ the m
28、anner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _ wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the tu
29、rn of 19th (5) _century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language
30、; (6) _ was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _ gained some currency,
31、 and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _ literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the &
32、#160; (9) _ extreme “l(fā)iteralists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov. The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the nature of the rea
33、dership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with each other. Now, the context has changed, and t
34、he basic problem remains. (10) _ 1. going后加on2. 2. certain改為a certain 3. 3. rather改為not4. 4. is 改為was 5. 5. in 改為 at 6. 6. 去掉第二個the 7. 7. view后面加that8. 8. 去掉 was
35、0;9. culminated后面加in 10. and 改為but2011年英語專八改錯真題答案 From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew I should be a writer.
36、60;Between the ages of about 1_ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the conscience that
37、;I was outraging my true nature and that 2_ soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. &
38、#160; 3_ I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4
39、_ on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeing
40、mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_ schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imag
41、inative persons, and I think from 6_ the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7_ being isolated and und
42、ervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8_ a sort of&
43、#160;private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9_ in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious i.e. seriously
44、0;10_ intended _ writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the
45、age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.1.在grow后加up, 考固定短語 2. 改consience為consciousness 考詞語區(qū)別,consience翻譯為“良心,道德心”, consiousness翻譯為“意識” 3.改soon為sooner,sooner or later是固定短語
46、0;4. 在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。 作者是三個孩子句中的那位 5 。改disagreeing 為disagreeable ,disagreeing只能作動名詞, 不能作形容詞。disagreeable mannernisms 令人討厭的習(xí)慣 6.改imaginative為imaginary, 考詞語區(qū)別 imaginative翻譯為“有想象力的”,imaginary翻譯為“想象的,虛構(gòu)的” 7.
47、160;改literal 為literary , 考詞義區(qū)別, literal翻譯為“字面的”,literary 翻譯為“文學(xué)方面的” 8.去掉face后的in,face接賓語時是及物動詞??紕釉~的基本用法 9.在world后加in或者改which為where, 考定語從句 10.改Therefore為However或者Nevertheness, 考語境。 2010年英語專八改錯真題答案 So far as we can te
48、ll, all human languages are equally complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be well equipped as any other to
49、say 1_ the things their speakers want to say.
50、0; 2_ There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive &
51、#160; 3_peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or
52、; psychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_ fault of their language. The Eskimos , it
53、is said, can speak about snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5_ English, but this is not
54、0;because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise and subtle than English. This example does not come to l
55、ight a defect 6_ in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English
56、0;live in similar 7_ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8_ for different kinds of snow, presumably,
57、;if the environments in which Englishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt&
58、#160;that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos'
59、; life. 10_1 .be后插入 as; asas引導(dǎo)的比較級 2 .their改為its; its代替every language 3 .There改為It; It此處作為形式主語,真正的主語是后
60、面的不定式 4 .Whereas改為But ; 語境需要表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞,whereas表示對比 5. further 改為much further不能修飾比較級 6 .come改為bring; (sth)come to light , bring sth to light br
61、ing to light the defect of English =bring the defect of english to light 揭示英語的缺陷 7. similar改為different; 根據(jù)語境應(yīng)該用different 8. will改為would; 虛擬語氣 9 .as important去掉as
62、; 10 the part去掉the或者改the為a be/become/form (a) part of 是固定短語2009年英語專八改錯真題答案 The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes
63、from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)_ between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore
64、0;a verse, learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)_little listener has grown
65、 up, and has children of their own, or even (3)_ grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitti
66、ng it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With (4)_ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed
67、60; (5)_ on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes
68、; (6)_ between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five
69、 years. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have been currently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it
70、; (7)_has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed (8)_ along a chain of two or th
71、ree hundred young hearers and tellers, and the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling,
72、 (9)_to let alone that it bears resemblance to the &
73、#160; (10)_答案分析: (1) the further difference改為a further difference(此次應(yīng)該用不定冠詞表示泛指) (2) 改when 為until, 結(jié)構(gòu)not.until翻譯為“直到才” (3)their改為his
74、(代詞與前文a little listener在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致) (4)something 改為anything 此處指二十到七十的任何時段 (5)therefore改為however (根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系) (6) in the general去掉the (習(xí)慣用法in general 表示總的來說,一般不用冠詞) (7) currently 改為current (這里起的是表語的作用,需要形容詞而不是副詞)
75、160;(8) it has passed改為 it has been passed (與分號前的被動保持一致) (9) live 改為 alive alive翻譯為“鮮活的”,一般作補(bǔ)語;live翻譯為“現(xiàn)場轉(zhuǎn)播的;活的”,一般作定語 (10) to let alone改為 let alone (let alone 為習(xí)慣搭配,意思是“更不
76、用說 2008年英語專八改錯真題答案 The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a very natural one, and in result language has played a prominent
77、 _1_ part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate _2_a given language to show that they are distinctive
78、 from another _3_ race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States _4_ split off from Bri
79、tain, for example, there were proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a _5_ different language from
80、;those of Britain. There was even one _6_ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favoured the adoption of Greek, though,&
81、#160;as one man put it, things would certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English _7_ and made the British learn&
82、#160;Greek. At the end, as everyone _8_ knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory solution of carrying wi
83、th the same language as before. _9_ Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world
84、0; _10_ that political independence and national identity can be complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common language. 1. in result 改成in
85、60;consequence, 2. 2 moves改成movements. 3. distinctive改成distinct或different 4. 4 .在time后加when 5 .accepted 改成realized 6. those改成that 7. 刪除on, 8 .At 改成In 9 carrying with 改成 c
86、arrying on with 10 .now改成 ago 2007年英語專八改錯真題答案 From what has been said, it must be clear that no one can make very positive statements about how language
87、 originated. There is no material in any language today and in the earliest 1_ records of ancient languages show us language in a&
88、#160;new and 2_emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language 3_ originated in cries
89、of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the 4_ necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote tribes, no ancie
90、nt records, providing evidence of a language with a large proportion of such cries 5_ than we find in English. It is t
91、rue that the absence of such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in 6_ other grounds too the the
92、ory is not very attractive. People of all races and languages make rather similar noises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that
93、0; 7_ such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmen and Malaysians whose languages are utterly different, serves to emp
94、hasize on the fundamental difference 8_ between these noises and language proper. We may say that the cries of pain or chortles of
95、 amusement are largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent, 9_ whereas language proper does not consist o
96、f signs but of these that have to be learnt and that are 10_ wholly conventional.
97、 1, 改and為or, any languagages today or recordsof ancient languages 是并列成分,在否定句中用or 2, 改show為showing, 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語 3, 刪除the, 表示泛指 4,&
98、#160;改and為but, 根據(jù)語境此處是轉(zhuǎn)折 5,改 large為larger, 后面有than, 應(yīng)該用比較級 6, 改in為on, on other grounds “ 基于其它理由”,為固定搭配 7,改return為response , in response to “對作出反應(yīng)” 8,刪除on, emphasize sth
99、60; emphasize是及物動詞 9,在large前加a, extent 是可數(shù)名詞,前面要加冠詞。 "to a large extent"翻譯為“在很大程度上” 10,改 these為 those those that/who為固定形式2006年英語專八改錯真題答案 We use language prim
100、arily as a means of communication with other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we live a store of words and meanings
101、0;as well as agreeing conventions as 1_ to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular 2_
102、 message: the English speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a 3_ set of grammatical rules which enables him to c
103、ommunicate his 4_ thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English &
104、#160; 5_ speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active- ly and that which he recognises, increases in size as he
105、;grows old as a result of education and experience.
106、; 6_ But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system remains no more than a psychological reality for
107、60;the individual, unless he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another 7_ member of his linguistic
108、60;community; he bas to give the system a concrete transmission form. We take it for granted the two most 8_ common forms of
109、 transmission-by means of sounds produced by our vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are 9_ among most&
110、#160;striking of human achievements. 10_ 1, 改agreeing為agreed
111、 agreed conventions翻譯為“習(xí)俗” 2,words前加the, 此處為特指 3,改in為at at ones disposal為固定短語,翻譯為“由某人做主” 4改enables為enable,定語從句與先行詞vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules保持一致 5,刪除the, 此處需要泛指 6,改 old為old
112、er, 此處需要比較級 7 改seen為understood,system應(yīng)該是被理解 8刪除it take sth for granted take it for granted that 9, 改 or為and ,語境需要并列關(guān)系而不需選擇關(guān)系 10, most前加the, 形容詞最高級
113、中that一般不能省略 2005年英語專八改錯真題答案 A number of colleges and universities have announced steep tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current, very low rate of in
114、flation. They say the increases are needed because of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common
115、; 1 _ stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the
116、60; 2 _ outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3 _
117、60; business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty 4_ increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of&
118、#160;being in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in 5 _ graduate and professional-school
119、;tuition); the poor one's job prospects, 6 _ the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
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