新概念英語第二冊筆記-第91課

1、新概念英語第二冊筆記-第91課Lesson 91 Three men in a basket 三人同籃【Text】A pilot noticed a balloon which seemed to be making for a Royal Air Force Station nearby. He informed the station at once, but no one there was able to explain the mystery. The officer in the control tower was very angry when he heard the news

2、, because balloons can be a great danger to aircraft. He said that someone might be spying on the station and the pilot was ordered to keep track of the strange object. The pilot managed to circle the balloon for some time. He could make out three men in a basket under it and one of them was holding

3、 a pair of binoculars. When the balloon was over the station, the pilot saw one of the men taking photographs. Soon afterwards, the balloon began to descend and it landed near an airfield. The police were called in, but they could not arrest anyone, for the basket contained two Members of Parliament

4、 and the Commanding Officer of the station! As the Commanding Officer explained later, one half of the station did not know what the other half was doing!【課文翻譯】一個飛行員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只氣球，它像是正飛往附近的一個皇家空軍基地。他馬上把情況報告 了該基地，但那里的人沒有一個能解釋這到底是怎么回事?？刂扑系墓賳T得知這一消息后，非常氣憤，因為氣球有可能給飛機(jī)造成極大的危險。他說可能有人正對 基地進(jìn)行偵察，因此命令那個飛行員跟蹤那個奇怪的飛行物。

5、飛行員設(shè)法繞著氣球飛了一陣。他看清了氣球下面有3個人呆在一只筐里，其中一個舉著望遠(yuǎn)鏡。當(dāng)氣 球飛臨基地上空時，飛行員看見有一個人在拍照。不久，氣球開始降落，在一個停機(jī)坪附近著了陸。警察被召來了，但他們卻不能逮捕任何人，因為筐里是兩名國會 議員和一名基地的指揮官！正如指揮官后來解釋的那樣，基地的這半邊不知道那半邊正在干什么！New words and expressions 生詞和短語balloon n. 氣球 royal adj. 皇家spy v. 偵察 track n. 軌跡，蹤跡binoculars n. 望遠(yuǎn)鏡crew n. 全體工作人員【生詞講解】1. balloon 1） n. 氣球

6、、輕氣球hoist a balloon raise a balloon 升起氣球an observation balloon 觀測氣球2） n.（玩具的） 氣球blow up balloon 吹氣球 ； eg：The balloon burst . 氣球爆炸了。2. royal 1） adj. 皇家的、皇室的 the Royal Navy 英國皇家海軍2） adj. 王的、王室的、女王的a royal place 王宮 ； a royal family 王室 ； royal power 王權(quán)3）（口語）極好的、極佳的 a royal welcome 盛大的歡迎； a royal feast 盛

7、宴have a royal time 盡歡,玩得極為愉快3. spy 1）v. 偵察 spy on sth spy upon sth spy into sth 偵察某事物eg：The police have been spying on the gangs movements.警方正在監(jiān)視那團(tuán)伙的動靜. spy doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事eg：I spied someone coming up the slope.我發(fā)現(xiàn)有人正在走上斜坡。2） n. 間諜、密探、情報員eg：He was arrested as an industrial say. 他由于是工業(yè)間諜被捕了。4. tr

8、ack 1） n.（人、動物、車等的） 軌跡，蹤跡tire tracks 輪胎痕跡eg：The hunter followed the bears tracks. 獵人跟著熊的足跡。2） n.（人、動物等踏成的） 小徑、小道eg：A track runs through the grove. 一條小路穿過了小樹林。3） n. 路線、航線 the track of the storm 暴風(fēng)雨的線路4） n. 慣例、常規(guī) keep to the beaten track 循規(guī)蹈矩go off the beaten track 打破常規(guī)5） 鐵軌、軌道a single track 單軌； a dou

9、ble track 雙軌run off the track 出軌 jump the track n. 望遠(yuǎn)鏡field-glass 望遠(yuǎn)鏡binocular adj. 雙眼的、雙眼用的【課文講解】1. A pilot noticed a balloon which seemed to be making for a Royal Air Force Station nearby. notice1) n.通知，通告eg: The bar is closed until further notice.酒吧現(xiàn)已停業(yè)，開業(yè)時間另行通知。2) 辭職報告eg: He handed in his notice

10、 last week.他上星期遞了辭呈。3) v.注意到，留心eg: I noticed that he left early.我注意到他走得早。eg: I noticed that he has dyed his hair.我注意到他染了頭發(fā)。4) 看見，發(fā)現(xiàn)eg: Sorry,I didn't notice you.對不起，我沒看見你。not take any notice of sb./sth.不理會某人/某事物Don't take any notice of what he says.別理會他的話。 make for 1） 向.放向前進(jìn)、進(jìn)行eg：The audienc

11、e made for the exits when the alarm sounded.警報響起，觀眾涌進(jìn)出口。2） 有助于、促進(jìn)eg：Cultural exchange makes for better understanding .文化交流有助于更好的理解。 make out 1） 免強(qiáng)辨認(rèn)出、免強(qiáng)認(rèn)出eg：She has grown up and I cant make her out any more.她已經(jīng)長大了，我都認(rèn)不出她了。eg：I cant make out his writing. 我無法辨認(rèn)出他的字跡。2） 理解eg：I could not make out what h

12、e said. 我搞不懂他說什么3） 重寫eg：Please make out a fresh copy. 請重填一張。 make up 1） 編造eg：He made up a story about two men and s horse .他編造了一個有關(guān)于兩個男人和馬的故事。2） 化妝eg：She spends hours making up in front of the mirror.她一連幾個小時坐在鏡子前化妝。 make up for 彌補(bǔ)eg：I must make up for the time I lost this morning.我們必須彌補(bǔ)今天早上失去的時間。 se

13、em to be doing 似乎正在進(jìn)行某事seemed to be making for 為不定式的進(jìn)行式，表示正在進(jìn)行的動作：eg: They seem to be talking about something important.他們似乎正在談?wù)撃臣匾氖虑?。eg: She seems to be looking for somebody/something.她似乎正在找人/什么東西。 nearby 附近的，在附近eg: Do you live nearby/near, don't you?你住在附近是嗎？adj.但是只表示空間的話，就只能用nearby，而near表示的是

14、時間the near future不久的將來a nearby village附近的村子2. He informed the station at once, but no one there was able to explain the mystery. be able to1) can (could) 表示能力、可能, 只用于現(xiàn)在式和過去式can表能力時意味著憑體力或腦力或技術(shù)等可以做。 He is only four , but he can read.2）因為can不能和其他助動詞連用，所以表示將來式時用will be able to3）be able to可以用于各種時態(tài)。只用be

15、able to的情況：a. 位于助動詞后。b. 情態(tài)動詞后。c. 表示過去某時刻動作時。 d. 用于句首表示條件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事時,只能用was/ were able to,不能用could。eg: The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out4）Can表示允許（和may意思相近）常見于口語。eg: Can (May) I come in 我能進(jìn)來嗎？eg: Can I smoke here 我可以在這里抽煙嗎？5）表可能性eg: Can the news be tru

16、e It cant be true. eg: What can he possibly mean? mystery1) n.可數(shù) 神秘的事物。奧秘。謎the mysteries of life生命的奧秘eg: It's a mystery to me why they didn't choose him.他們?yōu)槭裁床贿x擇他對我來說是個謎?？勺龆ㄕZa mystery guest一個神秘的客人eg: He's a bit of a mystery.他這人有點來歷不明。故做神秘eg: You're full of mystery tonight. What's

17、 going on?你今天晚上很神秘。怎么回事？神秘的神秘地，奇怪地eg: Mysteriously, there was no anwer when I rang.真怪，我按了鈴但沒人應(yīng)。 officer in the control tower was very angry when he heard the news, because balloons can be a great danger to aircraft.He said that someone might be spying on the station and the pilot was ordered to keep

18、 track of the strange object. might be doing sth表示對正在進(jìn)行的動作的推測（cf第19 課語法）：eg: What can Tom be doing in that room? 湯姆會在那個房間里干什么呢？ He might be reading / watching TV. 他或許在看書看電視。 keep track of 跟蹤keep track of 為固定短語，表示“追蹤”、“保持聯(lián)系”、“記錄”等（其反義詞為 lose track of）：eg: Keep track of the man wearing a grey hat. He

19、looks suspicious to me. 跟蹤那個戴頂灰帽子的人。我覺得他看上去可疑。eg: She managed to keep track of her friends. 她設(shè)法保持了與朋友們的聯(lián)系。 object 1） n. 物體、東西eg：Whats that strange object in the box 那是什么奇怪的東西在箱子里嗎？eg：I could see a shining object in the sky . 我可以看到一個物體在天空中閃耀。2）n.對象、目標(biāo) an object of interest 感興趣的內(nèi)容 ；an object of pity 同

20、情的目標(biāo) / 對象3） n. 目的、目標(biāo) （aim , purpose） eg：His object in life is to be rich. 他的人生目標(biāo)就是富有。eg：Whats the object of your visit 你來訪的目的是什么？4. The pilot managed to circle the balloon for some time. manage to do sth 設(shè)法做成某事 circle1）v. 繞行、環(huán)繞eg：The airplane circled the airport. 飛機(jī)在機(jī)場上空盤旋eg：A big bird was circling

21、around in the air. 一只大鳥在空中盤旋。2） n. 圓 （圈） draw a circle 畫一個圓圈circular adj. 圓形的 a circular table 圓桌a circular ticket 環(huán)程票 ； a circular tour 環(huán)程旅行5. He could make out three men in a basket under it and one of them was holding a pair of binoculars. make out 認(rèn)出、辨認(rèn)出 recognize a pair of binoculars 一副雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡在漢語

22、里有許多簡單的物品，在英語里則需要成雙成對的表達(dá)：eg: a pair of glasses (scissors, spectacles, trousers, pants, pliers)(一副眼鏡，一把剪刀，一副眼鏡，一條褲子，一條褲子，一把剪鉗)等。英語的 . of . 結(jié)構(gòu)既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，如：a piece of paper, a piece of information, an article of clothes(一張紙，一條消息，一件衣物)。漢語里的表示度量衡的量詞在英語里可以找到相應(yīng)的表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)，即 . of .。比如：a cup of water, a

23、packet of cigarettes, a basket of vegetables(一杯水，一盒香煙，一籃子蔬菜)。 最有意思的就是英語關(guān)于各種動物群體的稱呼了，各不相同。如：an army of elephants(一群大象); a pack / throng of wolves(一群狼); a batch of dogs(一群狗);a brood of chicks(一群小雞); a hive of bees(一群蜜蜂); a host of monkeys(一群猴子);a school of fish(一群魚); a swarm of locusts(一群蝗蟲);a team /

24、field of horses(一群馬); a gang of elks(一群駝鹿)等等。漢語中的形象量詞在英語里也能找到對應(yīng)，如：a head of garlic(一頭蒜); a drop of water(一滴水); a flood of moonlight(一片月光);a wisp of smoke(一縷煙); a pane of glass(一塊玻璃); a layer of rock(一層巖石);a cloud of smoke(一團(tuán)煙霧); a beam of light(一束光線); a blade of grass(一片草葉);a block of wood(一塊木頭); a

25、cube of sugar(一塊方糖); a roll of newspaper(一卷報紙);a cone of icecream(一個蛋卷冰淇淋); a bar of chocolate(一塊巧克力);a stack of hay(一堆乾草); a loaf of bread(一個面包); a grain of rice(一粒米);a cake of soap(一塊肥皂)6. When the balloon was over the station, the pilot saw one of the men taking photographs. see sb doing 看見某人正做某事

26、 ； see sb do看見某人做完某事1) see sb doing 看到某人正在做某事eg: I saw him playing basketball on the playground.2) see sb do 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的全過程(要注意這里的do 是省略to的不定式)eg: I saw him go into that room. 如果變?yōu)楸粍觮o不省略eg: He was seen to go into that room.3) see sb done 表賓語和動詞之間是被動的關(guān)系。eg: I saw him tied to a tree yesterday. 我昨天看見他被綁在一棵樹

27、上了。如果全過程用do, 過程中的一瞬間用doing另外還有類似的詞有 : smell, feel, hear, watch, notice等此類詞還有:see,watch,look at,observe,hear, listen to,feel,smell,feel,noticehear sb doing 聽見某人正做某事 ； hear sb do 聽見某人做完了某事observe sb doing 觀察某人正做某事 observe sb do 觀察某人做完了某事 take photographs 拍照7. Soon afterwards, the balloon began to desc

28、end and it landed near an airfield. descend 下降、下來ascend send vi.漸漸上升，升高 vt.攀登，登上come down (口)下來 go down descend + adv. 下降, 降臨eg：The elevator descended slowly. 電梯慢慢降下來。eg：The path descents sharply. 小路陡然的急劇下降。descend + n. eg: I descended the staircase. 我走下樓梯。descend from 傳下來eg：This sword descends from

29、 our ancestors. 這把劍是從祖先傳下來的。descend from father to son 父子相傳be descended from 是.的后裔、后代descent n. 世襲、血統(tǒng) ； descendant 子孫 ； ancestor 祖先8. The police were called in, but they could not arrest anyone. call in 招集call in在這里表示召來.eg: Sam is sick. We'd better call in a doctor. Sam生病了。我們最好請醫(yī)生來。邀請召來eg: How m

30、any friends did you call in?  你邀請了多少朋友？到某人的家、辦公處等拜訪，訪問eg: May I call in this evening?   我可以在今天晚上來訪問嗎？  arrest sb 逮捕某人You are under arrest.你被捕了。eg: You are under arrest for so and so reason. You have the right to remain silent. Anything what you say can and will be used in the cou

31、rt of law against you.你因為某種原因被拘捕,你有權(quán)保持沉默。你所說的一切都會成為呈堂證供 the basket contained two Members of Parliament and the Commanding Officer of the station! Members of Parliament 國會議員 Commanding Officer 指揮官10. As the Commanding Officer explained later, one half of the station did not know what the other half w

32、as doing! one the other 一個、另一個 (兩者)one half the other half 這一半邊、另一半邊5. make out 6. see sb doing sth 7. take photographs8. be called in【關(guān)鍵詞組摘錄】1. seem to be doing sth 2. be a great danger to 3. keep track of 4. manage to do sth【Key structures】 can , be able, manage to 的用法can 能夠 ； be able 有能力做某事 ； man

33、age to 設(shè)法成功做成某事1. 用can , be able來填空： 1）can you show me the way to the station please could you show me the way to the station please 2）I gave him a few lessons and he could soon swim . I gave him a few lessons and he was soon able to swim .3）They were able to jump into the sea before the boat sank.船

34、沉沒前他們能夠跳進(jìn)大海。4）You can not leave this room until you get permission .直到你獲得許可，否則你不能離開這個房間【Special Difficulties】動詞 make 的一些短語 Exercise ：填空：a. I lost my lecture note and had to make out a new set .b. I cant make out what youve written.c. When it got dark we made for home .d. My daughter often make up st

35、ories of her own.e. How can you make up for all those lessons you missed Exercise： pilot noticed a balloon c for a royal Force Station .a. make b. to make c. making d. in making was angry when he heard the news .He was angry c the news . a. with hearing b. in hearing c. on hearing d. for hearing .3.

36、 He could make out three men . Thats how many he could b .a. find 找到 b. see 看見、辨認(rèn)出c. follow 跟隨 d. watch 看守、觀看4. On turning the corner , we saw the road d steeply .a. departing 離開，出發(fā) b. depressing 令人沮喪的c. decreasing 遞減的, 減少的 d. descending 下降的;下行的;梯降的諺語1. You cant teach an old dog tricks .老狗學(xué)不了新把戲；老年人

37、很難適應(yīng)新事物(諺)(無法)改變老人的想法、做法等. 語法點精講：反意疑問句1.反意疑問句的形式反意疑問句一般有以下兩種形式：肯定陳述句+否定反意疑問句。This pencil is red, isn't it?否定陳述句+肯定反意疑問句。This pencil isn't red, is it?2.反意疑問句的用法1）當(dāng)陳述部分是there存在句時，反意疑問部分的主語用there。eg: There aren't a lot of flowers in the garden in winter, are there?eg: There existed differen

38、t oppinions on this issue, didn't there?2）當(dāng)陳述部分是以不定代詞one作主語時，反意疑問句的主語在正式場合用one,在非正式場合用you。例如：One cannot succeed at this, can one?One cannot succeed at this, can you?3）當(dāng)陳述部分是I'm.結(jié)構(gòu)時，反意疑問部分一般用aren't I。例如：I am a student,aren't I?4）當(dāng)陳述部分是一個帶有that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)時，反意疑問部分一般根據(jù)主句的主語和謂語動詞而定.例如：Yo

39、u told me (that)I had passed the exam, didn't you?He says that everybody in our class will attend the meeting, dosen't he?但是，當(dāng)陳述部分的主句是I think,I suppose,I believe等結(jié)構(gòu)時，反意疑問部分則往往由that從句中的主語和謂語動詞決定，并且要注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。例如：I believe(that)it is going to rain, isn't it?I don't think (that)be will com

40、e, will he?5）當(dāng)陳述部分的謂語動詞是have時，反意疑問部分要根據(jù)have的意義及形式而定。a.當(dāng)have表示“所有”含義時，反意疑部廳以用have形式，也可以用do形式。例如：He has a book in his hand, hasn't he?He has a book in his hand, doesn't he?b.當(dāng)陳述部分的動詞是have的否定形式時，反意疑問部分是用have形式還是用do形式，取決于陳述部分的動詞形式。例如：You haven't a car, have you?You don't have any money w

41、ith you, do you?c. 當(dāng)have不表示“所有”含義而表示其他含義時，反意疑問句則必須用do的形式。例如：We had a good time in the vacation,didn't we?He has his breakfast at seven everyday,doesn't he?You have to get up early tomorrow,don't you?6）當(dāng)陳述部分帶有never,nothing,nowthere,seldom,hardly,rarely,few,little等否定詞或半否定詞時，反意疑問部分的動詞用肯定形式。

42、例如：The summit meeting never took place, did it?You can hardly believe what he said, can you?There is little ink in the bottle, is there?Few people know this place, do they?當(dāng)陳述部分的謂語動詞是帶有un-，in-，dis-等否定前綴的動詞，則仍然把陳述部分看作肯定句，那么反意疑問部分用否定形式。例如：He is impolite to the teacher, isn't he?7）當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動詞ought to時，反意疑問部分在英式英語中用ought to 形式，在美式英語中用should形式。例如：You ought to see the new picture, shouldn't you?Teachers ought to be honoured, oughtn't they?8）當(dāng)陳述部