初中中考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧

1、清華大學(xué)英語系測試：為中小學(xué)生英語量身定做.官方網(wǎng)站：http:"Q清華大學(xué)英語教授研究組提供初中英語時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)動詞的時(shí)態(tài)英語共有16種時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)近幾年曝光的四、六級考卷分析，時(shí)態(tài)測試 重點(diǎn)主要有：完成時(shí)態(tài)一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、將來完成時(shí)；進(jìn)行時(shí) 態(tài)一現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)；一般時(shí)態(tài)。一、一般時(shí)態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1 )一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示沒有時(shí)限的持久存在的動作或狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)階段反復(fù) 發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，常和副詞usually, often, always sometimes, regularly, near, occas i ona 11 y, every year,

2、 every week 等連用。例如：1)The moon moves round the earth.2)Mr. Smi th travels to work by bus every day.(2)在由 after, unt i I, before, once, when, even if, in case, as long as, as soon as, the moment 以及 i f, unless 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。例如：1)1 wi11 tel I him the news as soon as I see him.2)I wi1

3、1 not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.(3)某些表示起始的動詞，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要 發(fā)生的動作，這類動詞有:be, go, come, start, depart, arrive, begin, leave等。例如：1)The plane I eaves at three sharp.2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow.(4)在由 why, what, where, whoever, who, that, as 等引導(dǎo)的從句 中，也常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。例如：1)Free ticket

4、s wi11 be given to whoever comes first.2)You* 11 probably be in the same train as I am tomorrow.清華大學(xué)英語系測試：為中小學(xué)生英語量身定做.官方網(wǎng)站：http"/Q清華大學(xué)英語教授研究組提供2.一般過去時(shí)(1)表示過去某一特定時(shí)間所發(fā)生的、可完成的動作或狀態(tài)，常與表示 確切過去時(shí)間的詞、短語或從句連用。例如：We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting f i Im.(2)表示過去習(xí)慣性動作。例如：1)He al

5、ways went to class last.2)I used to do my homework in the Iibrary.(注意與be used to doing短語的區(qū)別)3.一般將來時(shí)1)表示將來打算進(jìn)行或期待發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。例如：I shalI graduate next year.2)幾種替代形式：Dbe going to +v在口語中廣泛使用，表示準(zhǔn)備做或?qū)l(fā)生的事情。例如：r m going to buy a house when we' ve saved enough money.2)be to+v表示計(jì)劃安排要做的事，具有“必要”的強(qiáng)制性意義。例 如：I a

6、m to play tennis this afternoon.3)be about to +v表示即將發(fā)生的事情。例如：He was about to start.4)be due to +v表示預(yù)先確定了的事，必定發(fā)生的事。例如：The train is due to depart in ten minutes.5)be on the point/verge of +v - ing強(qiáng)調(diào)即將發(fā)生的某種事態(tài)。例 如：The baby was on the point of crying when her mother finally came home.清華大學(xué)英語系測試：為中小學(xué)生英語量身定

7、做.官方網(wǎng)站：http:"Q 清華大學(xué)英語教授研究組提供二、進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作，常與now, right now, at the mother, for the time being, for the present 等連用。例如：Don' t disturb her. She is reading a newspaper now.(2)表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作 常與always, continual ly, forever, constantly等連用。例如：My father is forever criticizing me.(3)表示根

8、據(jù)計(jì)劃或安排在最近要進(jìn)行的事情。具有這種語法功能的動 詞僅限于過渡性動詞。即表示從一個(gè)狀態(tài)或位置轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)狀態(tài)或位置 上去的動詞。常用的有：go, come, I eave, start, arrive,etucri 等。 例如：They are Ieaving for Hong Kong next month.（4）有些動詞不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)，這是一類表示“感覺，感情，存在，從屬” 等的動詞。如：see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, look, appear, （表示感覺的詞）；hate, love, fear, like, want, wish, pre

9、fer, refuse, forgive（表示感情的動詞）；be, exist, remain, stay, obtain（表示存在 狀態(tài)的動詞）：have, possess, own, contain, be I ong, consist of, form（表 示占有與從屬的動詞）understand, know, be I i eve, think, doubt, forget, emembe（表示思考理解的動詞）。但是如果它們詞義改變，便也可用進(jìn)行 時(shí)態(tài)。例如：1）Tom looks pale. What' s wrong with him?（look在此為聯(lián)系動詞，意為“顯得，

10、看上去”）2）Tom is Iooking for his books.（look在此為實(shí)義動詞，意為“尋找”）2 .過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一個(gè)過去的動作發(fā)生時(shí)或發(fā)生后，另一個(gè)過去的動作 正在進(jìn)行,或表示過去反復(fù)的習(xí)慣，常與always, continual ly, constantly 等動詞連用。例如：1)We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.2）Whenever I visited him, he was always writing at the desk.3 .將來進(jìn)行時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示將來某一時(shí)刻正在

11、進(jìn)行的動作，或表示要在將來 某一時(shí)刻開始，并繼續(xù)下去的動作。常用來表示禮貌的詢問、請求等。例 如：DThis time next day they wi11 be sitting in the cinema.2）What wi11 you be doing at six tomorrow evening?4 .完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（現(xiàn)在、過去、將來）完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是（現(xiàn)在、過去、將來）完成時(shí)的強(qiáng)調(diào) 形式，將放在完成時(shí)態(tài)部分講述。三、完成時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)通常表示已完成或從事的動作。它可分為：1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來表示對目前狀況仍有影響的，剛剛完成的動作(常 與yet, already, just連用

12、)，或者過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的 情況(常與fo，since連用)。例如：1)1 have just f inished my homework.2)Mary has been i11 for three days.(2)常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有：since, for, during, over 等引導(dǎo)出的短語；副詞already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently 等 狀語詞組 this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times,

13、 up to the present 等。例如：1)1 haven* t been there for five years.2)So far, she hasn' t enjoyed the summer vacation.3)There have been a lot of changes since 1978.(3)完成時(shí)態(tài)可用在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：This (That, It) is (was) the first (second-) time +定語從句； This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定語從句;This (That, I

14、t) is (was) +形容詞最高級+ n +定語從句。如果主句的謂語動詞是一般 現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的謂語動詞通常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果主句謂語動詞是一般過 去時(shí)，從句謂語動詞通常用過去完成時(shí)。例如：(DThis is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised at such a meeting.(2)There was a knock at the door. 11 was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.2 .過去完成時(shí)(1)表示過去某時(shí)間前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的

15、動作或情況，這個(gè)過去的時(shí)間可以用 by, before等介詞短語或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句來表示；或者表示一個(gè)動作在 另一個(gè)過去動作之前已經(jīng)完成。例如：1)We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.2)By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.(2)動詞expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用過去完成時(shí)，礪過去的希望、預(yù)期、意圖或愿望等沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)。 例如：I had meant to tak

16、e a good hoi iday this year, but I wasn' t ableto get away.另外兩種表示“過去想做而未做的事”的表達(dá)方式是：1)was / were + to have done sth,例如：We were to have come yesterday, but we couldn, t.2)intended (expected, hope, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired) + to have done sth,例如：I meant to have told you abo

17、ut it, but I forgot to do so.(3)過去完成時(shí)常用于以下固定句型：Dhardly, scarcely, barely + 過去完成時(shí) + when + 過去時(shí)。例如：Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.2)no sooner +過去完成時(shí)+ than +過去時(shí)。例如：No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.3)by (the end of ) +過去時(shí)間，主句中謂語動詞用過去完成時(shí)。例The experiment had been finish

18、ed by 4 o' clock yesterday afternoon.3 .將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)表示在將來某一時(shí)刻將完成或在另一個(gè)未來的動作發(fā)生之 前已經(jīng)完成的動作；也可以用來表示一種猜測。常與將來完成時(shí)連用的時(shí) 間狀語有：by (the time / the end of ) +表示將來時(shí)間的短語和句子； before (the end of ) +表示將來時(shí)間的詞語或句子；when, after等加上 表示將來動作的句子等。例如：1)By this time tomorrow you wi11 have arrived in Shanghai.2)I shalI have fi

19、nished this composition before 9 o' clock.3 ) When we get on the rai I way station, the train wi 11 probably have left.4 .完成進(jìn)行時(shí)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是完成時(shí)的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，有現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去完成進(jìn)行 時(shí)，將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。(1)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動作或狀態(tài)一直延 續(xù)到過去某一時(shí)刻。例如：I have been Iooking for my lost book for three days, but I still haven* t found it.(

20、2)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動作或狀態(tài)一直延 續(xù)到過去某一時(shí)刻。例如：11 had been raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpour had caused lands I ides in many pI aces.(3)將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在揩來某一時(shí)刻之前開始的一個(gè)動作或狀態(tài)一直 延續(xù)到揩來某一時(shí)刻。例如：By the t i me you arrive tonight, she wi 11 have been typing for hours.清華大學(xué)英語系測試：為中小學(xué)生英語量身定做.官方網(wǎng)站：http:

21、"Q清華大學(xué)英語教授研究組提供四：時(shí)態(tài)一致時(shí)態(tài)一致是英語四、六級考試的一個(gè)重要內(nèi)容。通常應(yīng)由主句謂語的 時(shí)態(tài)決定從句的謂語時(shí)態(tài)。一般原則是：1、當(dāng)主句謂語使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，從句的謂語根據(jù)具體情況使用任 何時(shí)態(tài)He says that he Iives in Wuhan.We hope that there wi11 be many peopIe at your party today."Did you hear that Bi 11 finally sold the house?" "Yes, but I don' t know who bou

22、ght it.”"There* s a lot of excitement on the street.w"There certainly is. Do you suppose the astronauts have returned?M2、當(dāng)主句謂語使用過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句的謂語必須使用過去范圍的時(shí) 態(tài)He said he was writing a noveI.The teacher wanted to know when we would finish the experiment.He said his father had been an engineer.3、當(dāng)從

23、句是表示沒有時(shí)間概念的真理時(shí)，從句的謂語應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)。例如：The teacher told them since Iight travels faster than sound, Iightning appears to go before thunder.注：在此種情況下，即使主句謂語用了過去式的各種時(shí)態(tài)，從句謂語 也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。4、從句謂語只能用虛擬語氣的情況利用時(shí)態(tài)一致原則確定從句動詞時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，還應(yīng)注意，若主語動詞是表 示命令、請求、要求、建議、勸告等的動詞，從句謂語只能用虛擬語氣， 不能遵循時(shí)態(tài)一致原則。例如：We insisted that we do it ourselv

24、es.動詞的語態(tài)語態(tài)也是動詞的一種形式，英語有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，而被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。1）We use electricity to run machines.（主動語態(tài)）2）Electricity is used to run machines.（被動語態(tài)）1 .不能用于被動語態(tài)的動詞和短語(1)在英語中，不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)，但有些不及物動詞(包 括短語)容易引起誤用。如：appear, belong, be I ong, die, escape, fall, happen, last, remain, succeed, oc

25、cur, come true, take place, consist Ofo(2)某些表示狀態(tài)或特征的及物動詞，如：become, contain, cost, fit, have, resemble, suit也沒有被動語態(tài)。2 .被動語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)形式常用的被動語態(tài)有表1所列的幾種時(shí)態(tài)形式。表1時(shí)?SPAN I ang=EN-US> 一般時(shí) 進(jìn)行時(shí) 完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在 am asked am being askedis asked is being askedare asked are being asked過去was be asked was being askedwere be asked

26、 were being asked將來 sha 11 be asked sha 11 have been askedwi11 be asked wi11 have been asked過去 shou I d be asked shou I d have been asked將來 would be asked would have been asked3 .短語動詞的被動語態(tài)短語動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動語態(tài)時(shí)，通常被看作是一個(gè)動詞，后面的介詞或 副詞不能拆開或省略。例如：1)So far no correct cone I us i on has ar r i ved at.2)AII the rubbi

27、sh shouId be got rid of.4 . “oet + -ed分詞”的被動語態(tài)“get +-ed分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的結(jié)果，而非動作本身，常用來表 示突發(fā)性的，出乎意料的偶然事件。例如：The boy got hurt on his way home from work.另外，Hget + -ed分詞”還可用于談?wù)摓樽约鹤龅氖拢侵鲃拥男?為而不是被動的行為。例如：get dressed（穿衣服）get divorced（離婚）get engaged（訂婚）get con fused （迷惑不解）get lost（迷路）get washed（洗臉）get married（結(jié)婚）5

28、.能帶兩個(gè)賓語和復(fù)合賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)（1）能帶兩個(gè)賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時(shí)，一次只能由一個(gè)賓語作主 語，另一個(gè)賓語被保留下來。例如：1）We showed the visitors our new products.（主動語態(tài)）2）The visitors were shown our new products.（被動語態(tài)）3）0ur new products were shown to the visitors.（被動語態(tài)）（2）能帶復(fù)合賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時(shí)，原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z 補(bǔ)足語。例如：1）The teacher appointed him League secreta

29、ry.（主動語態(tài)）2）He was appointed League secretary.（被動語態(tài)）6 .被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別（1）The novel was we 11 written.（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）（2）The novel was written by Diskens.（被動語態(tài)）7 .少數(shù)動詞的主動語態(tài)有時(shí)有被動的意思例 1 : The book is selling remarkably well.例 2 : The song sounds very beaut iful.能這樣用的動詞還有read（讀起來），clean（擦起來），wash（洗起來）,write（寫起來）。例 3

30、： My watch needs cleaning. (= My watch needs to be cleaned).能像 need這樣用的動詞還有：want, require, deserve, do, owe, bind例 4 : The meat is cooking.例 5 : The book written by the professor is printing.清華大學(xué)英語系測試：為中小學(xué)生英語量身定做.官方網(wǎng)站：http"/清華大學(xué)英語教授研究組提供 初中中考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧清華大學(xué)英語系測試：為中小學(xué)生英語量身定做.官方網(wǎng)站：http:/qinQ 清華大學(xué)

31、英語教授研究組提供初中中考英語單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧【解指技巧】擇贏瞿霰惠懿虹霸蠢）法、句法、語鸚髓轆服 IlWf摩膏巔港蠢力語法一般要經(jīng)過四個(gè)階段：閱讀審題一觀察分析一選擇判He goes to work by bus.A. Sd do I B. I so do C. I do so D. Sd am IWang Fang is young, but she plays ping-pong her mother.A. as good asB. as well asC. as better asD. as best as科斤就會清楚，C、D兩項(xiàng)本身就不能成立，應(yīng)先排除，只能在A、Eo去等過反復(fù)驗(yàn)證

32、，選出一個(gè)中選。因句中“play”為一個(gè)繁星示感期rea 修2選°3W 薊、展fipy” 警塞Ha元費(fèi)運(yùn)A. Happy New Year, too B. Thank you very muchC. You' re rightD. The same to you根據(jù)平時(shí)練習(xí)的情景對話，一讀就會感到D是正確的。2) Mum, can I watch TV now ?"No, you must finish your homework first.A. doing B. doC. to do D. done霰款門鸚覆醐嘴清鰥翩只擦軸喘金盆藏【經(jīng)典范例引路】例 1 _of

33、 the twins passed the exam because they worked hard atmeir felons.A. Every B. Neither C. None D. Both例 2 the window. What's happen!ng there ?A. Look off B. Look over C. Look out of D. Look for例 3 bad weather we are having !We've never had rainy days.A. What a； such B. How； so C. What ； such

34、D. What ； so【綜合能力訓(xùn)練】I .單項(xiàng)選擇。()1. He came to China 1998.A. from B. since C. at D. in( )2. did you buy the new bag ?Last Monday.A. Where B. How C. When D. Who( )3. Mr. Yang is too to go on walking.A. strong B. tall C. kind D. tired( )4. trees are cut down every year.A. Thousand B. Thousands of C. Thou

35、sands D. Thousand of ()5. He s lived here 1980.A. after B. in C. fromD. since()6. Can you understand me ?Sorry, I can understand you.A. hardly B. almost C. nearly D. ever( )7. does it take me to go from my school to your school ?About five minutes.A. How many B. How far C. How much D. How long ()8.

36、Hello. May I speak to Jim, please ?, please ?A. Who are you B. How is he C. Who is that D. What are you()9. She asked me if I knew whose pen .A. is it B. it was C. it is D. was it( )10. It scold outside. You d better your coat.A. put on B. put away C. put back D. put up()11. I have finished my homew

37、ork.When you it ?A. have; finishedB. do; finishC. did; finishD. will; finish()12. Can I your bike ?With pleasure. But you mustn t it to others.A. I end; borrowB. borrow; I end C. carry;lend D. borrow; keep()13. of them has an Biglish dictionary.A. R/ery B. Each C. Both D. All()14. It me about ten mi

38、nutesto go to school by bike everyday.A. pays B. spends C. costs D. takes( )15. Don t tell anybody about it. Keep it you and me.A. among B. between C. in D. with)16. I'd like to the word in French.A (A (Asay B. speak C. tellD. talk)17. A strong wind will arrive in Harbin. It will much rain.bring

39、 B. take C. carry D. get)18. It s a beautiful stamp.quite B. tooC. very D. so)19. He doesn t know _ English because he has studied it for only weeks.A. much; a few B. little; few C. few; little D. a few; a little()20. It s about walk from my home.A. ten minute B. ten minutes C. ten minute s D. ten-m

40、inutes ()21. Ts this your sock ?Yes, it is. But where is ?A. the others B. the other one C. others D. other one ()22. The radio istoo noisy. Would you please a little ?A. turn it off B. turn it down C. stop it from D. pick it up ()23. The woman had to do the farm work herself, ?A. did she B. didn

41、9;t she C. had she D. wasn't she ( )24. He has for about twelve years.A. bought the houseB. left hereC. lived hereD. gone there()25. Td like some water, but he wants.A. two bottle orangeB. two bottles of orangeC. two bottle orangesD. two bottles of oranges()26. Mke is learning a computer.A. how

42、can he useB. how to useC. how he useD. how to using( )27. You are just for the game. Please come and join us.A. in time B. on time C. at times D. at the time()28. Who will teach English next term ?A. ourselves B. us C. our D. ours()29. B/erything is lighter on the moon than on the earth.A. soB. more

43、 C. much D. very()30. do you go to see your parents?Once a week.A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. When參考答案【綜合能力訓(xùn)練】I . 1-5 DCDBD JOADCBA 11T5CBBDB 16-20 AAAAB 21-25 BBBCB 26-0 BABCA二、冠詞(-)知識概要冠詞在英語中只有3個(gè)詞，分為兩類：不定冠詞a與an,定冠詞the。a 用在以輔音開始的單數(shù)名詞前，an用于以元音開始的單詞前。不定冠詞用 來表示一類事物中泛指的某一事物，而定冠詞則用于特指的某一個(gè)或某些 事

44、物，可用于不可數(shù)名詞、可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)及可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前。(二)正誤辨析誤This building is an university.IE This building is a university.析a用于以輔音音素開始的單詞前，而an用于以元音音素開始的單詞 前，而不是元音字母開頭的單詞前。university的第一個(gè)音素是j,所以 用a而不要用an。又如：There is a “n” in the word.是錯(cuò)句，應(yīng)為： There is an “n” in the word.因字母n的發(fā)音的第一個(gè)音素是元音。要注 意的還有hour因其第一個(gè)字母h不發(fā)音，所以應(yīng)該用an hour。例如：I

45、 need an hour to finish the work.It isa useful dictionary.It is a European country.I bought a used car.誤I need a umbrella because it looks like raining.正I need an umbrella because it looks like raining.析因umbrella的第一個(gè)音素是元音，所以應(yīng)用an.常用的情況有：anold man, an English teacher, an elephant, an idea, an hour ago

46、, an honest boy-0誤“Can you help me”“Sorry, I'm in hurry.n正“Can you help me”“Sorry. I'm in a hurry.w析不定冠詞的主要用法如下：1 .用來表示一類人或事物，如:She is a teacher.2 .指某一類人或事物中的一個(gè)，如：An elephant is bigger than a horse.3 .泛指某一人或事物,如：Aman is waiting for you at the school gate.4 .相當(dāng)于 “one” 的概念,如：I just bought a ne

47、w dictionary.5 .其主要的難點(diǎn)是用在固定詞組中：如：have a walk/ a rest / a look又如：in a hurry匆匆忙忙make a face作鬼臉do somebody a favour 幫某人忙a number of =many又如：have a good time （玩得好）have a cold （感冒）have a headache （頭痛）have a break=have a rest誤I bought the dictionary yesterday. Adictionary is very good.正I bought a dictiona

48、ry yesterday. The dictionary is very good.析在文章中第一次提到某物時(shí)用不定冠詞，而第二次提到時(shí)用定冠詞。誤Please turn off lights before you leave.正Please turn off the lights before you leave.析雖然是第一次提到某物但說話雙方均知其所指，也應(yīng)用定冠詞。誤There are nine planets around a sun.正There are nine planets around the sun.析世上獨(dú)一無二的天體等名詞前應(yīng)加定冠詞，如：the earth, the

49、 moon, the sun, the sky, the sea.誤I live on a second floor of this building.正I live on the second floor of this building.析在序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級前要用定冠詞。如：Heisthe oldest in the family.誤I want to learn the second language thisterm.正I want to learn a second language thisterm.析在序數(shù)詞的含意不是順序中的第一第二，而其意在于再學(xué)一個(gè)，再 來一個(gè)時(shí)，應(yīng)用a

50、,本句的意思應(yīng)為：這學(xué)期我要學(xué)一門第二外語。誤 Mssissippi is one of the longest rivers in the world.正The Mssissippi is one of the longest rivers in the world.析在河流名稱前應(yīng)加定冠詞，如：the怡llow Rver（黃河）。誤Look, there are Alp.誤Look, there are the Alp.正Look, there are the Alps.析具體的某一座山不加定冠詞，如：Mountain Tai.但在山名稱前加定冠詞后，其山名要加S,來表示山脈。the Al

51、ps即為阿爾卑斯山脈。如:TheAlps are in the center of Europe.誤Times is one of the oldest newspapers in the world.正The Times is one of the oldest newspapers in the world.析報(bào)刊名稱前應(yīng)加定冠詞。誤Rch are not always happy.正The rich are not always happy.析在形容詞前加定冠詞表示一類人，而在姓的前面加定冠詞，姓后加s表示某一家，如：The turners are going to move to Ne

52、w >brk.誤I like to eat bread for breakfast. Bread sells in this shop is very good.IE I like to eat bread for breakfast. The bread sells in this shop is very good.析物質(zhì)名詞特指時(shí)也應(yīng)加定冠詞。誤The sun rises in east.正The sun rises in the east.析在方向、方位前應(yīng)用定冠詞，如:in the east, in the west, in the north, in the south, i

53、n the direction 及 in the past, in the future誤Do you know who invented telephone正Do you know who invented the telephone析在特定和專有事物或名稱前要加定冠詞，如：the Biglish Channel英吉利海峽the Panama Canal巴拿馬運(yùn)河the Suez Canal 蘇伊士運(yùn)河誤Vfould you please buy some food for the supperIE Vfould you please buy some food for supper析泛指一

54、日三餐前無定冠詞。誤Hike to climb the mountain in the autumn.正I like to climb the mountain in autumn.析一年四季前不用定冠詞，如：goring is the best season in a year.誤Sometimes my parents come to school to see me.正Sametimes my parents come to the school to see me.析有些名詞被用作其本身原來所含目的時(shí)不加冠詞，如：go to school 上學(xué)，leave school（輟學(xué)），aft

55、er school（放學(xué)），但如果當(dāng)建筑物講時(shí)應(yīng)加 冠詞，如例句中其父母來校不是上學(xué)，而是看望孩子，則要加定冠詞。又 如，He was in hospital for two days.（他在醫(yī)院住院兩天了。）而:He went to the hospital to see his mot her.他去醫(yī)院看望他的母親。誤I bought a same dictionary as she bought.正I bought the same dictionary as she bought.析在慣用法the same, the only, the very前的定冠詞不可換為不定冠 詞。誤The

56、police caught the thief by his arm.正The police caught the thief by the arm.析這是英文表達(dá)法與中文的明顯不同之處，也是初學(xué)者極易忽視之處。 在英語中的某些動詞,如:cat ch（抓）,take（拿），strike （打）,pat（拍），hit（擊）, hold（握），pull（拉）動詞后應(yīng)加人，再加介詞on, by, in, with之后要加 定冠詞，再加人體的某一部位。這時(shí)的定冠詞千萬不要換作his, her, their, 等詞。誤He was paid by hour.正He was paid by the hour.析by和計(jì)量單位之間要有定冠詞。這句話應(yīng)譯為：他的工資是按小時(shí) 計(jì)算的。誤I went to New brk by his car.正I went to New >brk by car.IE I went to New b