英語中常見介詞用法總結(jié)

1、英語中常見介詞用法總結(jié)一、About1 .動(dòng)詞+about+sth.。about在此表示 論及，談起，涉及，著手”等意思：arrange about 安升E, argue about 辯論，ask about 詢問， bring about 帶來， chat about 閑聊， care about 在 意，complain about 報(bào)怨， go about 著手，hear about 聽說，inquire about 打聽，know about 了解， quarrel ab out 爭(zhēng)論，read about 讀至1J, see about 負(fù)責(zé)處理，set about 開始，speak

2、 about 談起,talk about 談?wù)?think about考慮，trouble about擔(dān)心，tell about講述，worry about著急?，F(xiàn)舉例說明其中一些短語的用法： She inquired about my brother.她向我打聽有關(guān)我兄弟的情況。I must set about my packing.我必須開始收拾行裝。What are you chatting about?你們?cè)诹氖裁茨兀? . be +形容詞+about+sth.。about在此意思是 為，對(duì)”，接表原因的詞：be anxious about 為著急，be bad about 對(duì)感至1J

3、不舒服，be busy about 忙于,be careful about 小心，becertain about 對(duì)有把握，be concerned about 關(guān)心,be crazy about 為發(fā)狂，be excited about 為感至1J激 動(dòng)，be happy about 為而高興，be mad about 為發(fā)瘋，be nervous about 對(duì)感至1J緊張，be particular about 挑易U ,be pleased about 為興奮，be strict about 對(duì)嚴(yán)格，be thoughtful about對(duì)考慮周到的，be uneasy about為感

4、受到不安。請(qǐng)看例句：What have you been busy about today?今天在忙些什么?You are certainly very thoughtful about others.你為別人想得太周到了。I ' m stct about such things.對(duì)這些事我是很嚴(yán)格的。注：come about 發(fā)生，get about (疾病、謠言)流行， turn about 轉(zhuǎn)身， leave about到處亂放，lie about隨便堆放，put about打擾；傳播， put oneself about 使發(fā)愁。這些詞組中about作副詞，此時(shí) about不能

5、接賓語。二、After1 .動(dòng)詞+ after。介詞after有 追趕，問候，效仿 ”之意：ask after問候，be after尋求,do(sth.)after學(xué)著做，go aft er 設(shè)法得到,inquire after 問候,look after 尋找,run after 追求，seek after 追逐，take after 長(zhǎng)得像。例如： Every afternoon he called to ask after his girl friend.他每天下午都打電話問候他的女朋友。The boy takes after his father.這男孩長(zhǎng)得像他父親。The dogs

6、went after the wounded deer.一群狗在追趕那只受傷的鹿。2 .after構(gòu)成的其它短語。after在不同的短語中意思各異：after a little/moment/while過了會(huì)， after all 畢竟，after dark 天黑以后， after one ' s he抬 的心，after school 放學(xué)后， after service 售后服務(wù)， after the fashion 勉強(qiáng)， day after day 日復(fù)日， one after another 個(gè)接 一個(gè)，year after year 年復(fù)一年。例如：Don't be

7、 too strict with him. After all he is still a child.不要太苛刻了，畢竟他還是個(gè)孩子。He can speak and write English after a fashion. 他多少會(huì)說和寫一點(diǎn)英語，但不太好。三、At1 .動(dòng)詞+ at。at表示 指向某一目標(biāo)，到達(dá)某地"：arrive at抵達(dá),call at訪問某地，catch at(it)當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓住，come at 攻擊，fire at 向 開火,glance at 瞟一眼，glare at 怒目而視,grieve at 憂傷，knock at 敲,laugh at 嘲笑，l

8、ook at 看 一眼，pull at拉扯，rejoice at 對(duì)高興,smile at向某人微笑,shoot at朝射擊,stare at怒目而視,thrustat刺 向，tear at 撕，tremble at 顫抖，wonder at 吃驚，work at 工作。例如：Don' t let me catch you again at it. 不要再讓我當(dāng)場(chǎng)逮住你。We must "shoot the arrow at the target我們必.須有的放矢。s淞a衣民的梭標(biāo)，他們陣陣發(fā)抖They trembled at the sight of the peasant

9、2 . be +形容詞/過去分詞+ at。其中at表示 情緒、情感的原因，或?qū)δ澄锞哂心撤N感情"：be angry at惱怒于，b e alarmed at 對(duì)保持警覺,be astonished at 對(duì)吃驚，be bad at 不擅長(zhǎng)，be clever at 對(duì)某事很靈巧,be delight ed at 高興， be disgusted at 厭惡，be disappointed at 對(duì)失望， be good at 擅長(zhǎng)，be impatient at 對(duì)不夠而寸 心，be mad at 狂熱于,be pleased at 對(duì)感至1J高興,be present at 出席,

10、be satisfied at 滿意,be surprised at 吃 驚，be shocked at 對(duì)非常震驚,be terrified at受到的恐嚇，be quick at對(duì)很機(jī)敏。例如：They were overjoyed at his return to work.他們對(duì)他重返工作感到欣喜。They are alarmed at the growth of the liberation movement in the colonies. 他們對(duì)殖民地日益壯大的解放運(yùn)動(dòng)警覺起來。3 .at+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組： at a distance 在一定距離，at a loss不知所措，at

11、 a time 一次，at all 一點(diǎn)也不，at any cost不惜一切代價(jià)，at best最好也只是，at first起初，at hand手頭，at heart 在內(nèi)心里， at home 在家；無拘束， at last 最后，at least 至少，at most 最多，at once 馬上，at prese nt目前，at sea不知所措，at times有時(shí)，at will任意地，at work起作用，at worst最壞。4 .其它含有at的短語：work hard at勤奮工作，drop in at順路拜訪。四、For1 .動(dòng)詞+fora）動(dòng)詞+for。for表原因、目的： a

12、ccount for解釋；說明，answer for 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé),apply for申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求，apologize f or為而道歉，beg for 請(qǐng)求，call for 要求,care for 在意，enter for 報(bào)名參加,fight for 為而戰(zhàn),hope for 希望，inq uire for查詢；求見，leave for 離開某地到另一地，look for尋找，long for盼望，mistake for誤認(rèn)為，plan for計(jì)劃 做某事，prepare for 為作準(zhǔn)備，provide for 為提供，reach for 伸手去拿，run for競(jìng)選，stand for 象征

13、,search fo r搜尋，send for派人去請(qǐng)，speak for陳述意見、愿望，take for當(dāng)作，wish for希望，wait for等待。例如： His 川ness accounts for his absence.他因病缺席。The baby reached for the apple but couldn' t rea那矍兒伸手去蘋果，但夠不著。He who would search for pearls must dive below.要想找到珍珠，必須潛到海底。b）動(dòng)詞+sb.+ for +sth. 。for表示原因或目的：ask for要求彳#到,blame

14、 for因責(zé)備，excuse for 寬恕，forgive for諒解，pardon for 原諒,pay for花錢買，praise for稱贊，punish for 對(duì)進(jìn)行懲罰，push for催逼，reward for酬謝, thank for對(duì)表示謝意。例如：Please excuse me for my being late.請(qǐng)?jiān)徫业倪t至1J。Forgive me for my keeping you waiting.請(qǐng)見諒，讓你久等了。2 . be +形容詞+for。for表作用、目的、對(duì)人或物有某種情緒等：be anxious for 急于做，be eager for渴望，be

15、 bad for 有害于，be convenient for 便于，be good for 利于，be famous for 以出名，be fit for 適合于，be grateful for 對(duì)一心存感激，be impatient for 對(duì)不耐煩,be late for遲到，be necessary for 有必要，be ready for 作好準(zhǔn)備，be sorry for 為而后悔，be responsible for 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)，be suitable for 適合于，be unfit for 不適合，be useful for 對(duì)一 有作用。例如：He is eager for su

16、ccess. 他渴望成功。s wfe.責(zé)民眾的福利The government is responsible for the nation3 .for+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組：for all盡管，for a song 非常便宜地，for certain 確切地，for company 陪著，for ever永遠(yuǎn)，for example 例如，for fear 以免，for fair 肯定地，for free 免費(fèi)，for fun 為了好玩， for good 永遠(yuǎn)，for in stance 比方，for luck 祝福，for life 終身，for long 長(zhǎng)久，for nothing 白 白地

17、， for once 有生第次， for oneself 替自己，for pleasure 為了消遣，for reason 因?yàn)槔碛?，for sale供出售，for shame 真不害臊，for short簡(jiǎn) 稱，for sport 好玩，for sure 確切地。4 .動(dòng)詞+副詞/名詞+for構(gòu)成的短語：be in for將遇到，make up for彌補(bǔ)，go in for從事，l o ok out for提防，ta ke sth. for granted 把當(dāng)作理所當(dāng)然，have an ear for 音感好，have a gift for 有某方面的天賦。五、From1 .動(dòng)詞 +fr

18、oma）動(dòng)詞+ from。from 表示 來源、原因、起始 ”等：come from 來自,date from 追溯，depart from 違背，die from 死 于，escape from 逃出，fall from 自跌落，hang from 垂掛，hear from 收到來信,learn from 向某人學(xué)習(xí)，return fro m自某地返回，rise from 自冒出，result from 起因于，suffer from 忍受。例如：All the characters in the book are drawn from real life.書中所有的人物都來自于真實(shí)的生活。

19、Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the borrower.因疏忽弓 I起的任何損壞者 B 應(yīng)由借用者負(fù)責(zé)賠償。He has recovered from his surprise.他好不容易回過神來。b）動(dòng)詞 + sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place 。from 表示 來源、免于 ”等：borrow from 向借,choose from 選自， excuse from 免除，keep from 阻止做，prevent from 不準(zhǔn)做，protect from 不受 之害，re

20、ceive from 收至U ,remove f rom 移動(dòng)；除去，save from 保全；拯救，separate from 分離開來,stop from 阻止。例如： He was excused from attendance at the lecture.他獲準(zhǔn)可不去聽課。Stop the child from spoiling the book.不要讓孩子弄壞了 書。2 . be + 形容詞 + from。此時(shí) from 含義眾多：be absent from 缺席,be different from與眾不同，be far from 更不用說，be hidden from 躲避,b

21、e made from 用制成,be tired from 因而疲倦。例如：The boy can ' t walk and is far from running.那男孩不會(huì)走路，更不用說跑了。3 .fromto。本短語表示從一種狀態(tài)到另一狀態(tài)的變化或從！!： from bad to worse每況愈下，from beginning to end 自始至終， from cover to cover 從頭到尾， from China to Peru 到處，from day to day 一天一天 地，from door to door 挨家挨戶， from end to end 從頭至

22、尾， from first to last 自始至終， from hand to mouth 勉強(qiáng)糊冢琮rom head to foot 從頭到腳，from mouth to mouth 廣泛流傳，from sun to sun 從日出到日落，from start to finish 從頭開始， from top to toe 從頭到腳， from time to time 不時(shí)地，from top to bottom 徹底地。六、In1.動(dòng)詞+ina）動(dòng)詞+ in。in在短語中的含義異常豐富：believe in信任，break in碎成，bring in引起；產(chǎn)生；帶來，call in下令

23、收回，fill in 填充,get in 收獲，hand in 上繳 ,involve in 涉及,lie in 在于，result in 導(dǎo)致，share in 共享 ,succeed in 成功，take in卷起；訂閱，turn in歸還當(dāng)局。例如：He was so short of money that he had to call in the loans that he had made.他很缺乏資金，不得不收回所有的款子。Your failure lies in your laziness.你失敗的原因在于懶惰。Orders are given to take in sail.

24、已發(fā)布收帆的命令。b）動(dòng)詞+sb./time/money+ in 。介詞 in 后接（doing ） sth. ： help sb. in 幫助某人做某事 ,spare time/money in 勻 出時(shí)間或錢做某事,spend time/money in花時(shí)間或錢做某事,waste time/money in 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間或錢做某事。例如：她提出，我不在家時(shí)她可以幫助他料理家She offered to help him in the housekeeping when I am not here.務(wù)。2. be +形容詞+ in。in表示 在某些方面或穿著 "：be active

25、in 活躍于，be absorbed in 專心致志，be busy in 忙碌, be born in 出生于,be concerned in牽涉,be clothed in 穿著,be disappointed in 對(duì)失望,be diligent in 勤于,be experienced in在有經(jīng)驗(yàn),be employed in任職于,be engaged in 忙碌,be expert in 某方面的專家 ,be excellent in 在優(yōu)秀，be interested in對(duì)有興趣，be lacking in 缺乏，be rich in 富有，be slow in 遲緩，be

26、successful in在某方面成功，be skilled in 精于,be strict in 嚴(yán)于，be weak in 弱于。例如：She was completely absorbed in her own affairs.她完全專注于自己的事務(wù)。More than one person has been concerned in this.不只一人牽涉至1J這件事。3. in +名詞。in表示 處于某種狀態(tài)或在某些方面”等意思：in advance提前,in all總共，in balance總而言之，in bed 臥床，in body 親自，in brief 簡(jiǎn)明扼要，in cas

27、e 萬一 ,in charge 主管，in danger 有危險(xiǎn),in debt 負(fù)債,in despair 失望，in force 大量地；有效，in full 全部地，in flower 開花，in general 一般說來,in itself 本身，in love 戀 愛，in order 井然有序，in person 親自，in public 公開地，in progress 有進(jìn)展，in practice 從實(shí)踐上看，in rags 穿著 破衣，in research 探索，in return 作為報(bào)答,in ruins 一片廢墟，in short總之,in theory 從理論上看，

28、in trouble 有麻 煩，in tears眼淚汪汪,in time及時(shí)，in turn按順序，in vain白白地,in view看得見。注意下列幾個(gè)詞組中的in為副詞：check in到達(dá)登記，cut in插嘴，count in包括,draw in時(shí)間接近，drop in順路拜訪，give in屈服，pour in源源而來。七、Of1 .動(dòng)詞+ofa）動(dòng)詞+of。of意為 有關(guān)，由于"：beg of（sb.）請(qǐng)求某人,complain of抱怨，consist of由構(gòu)成，die of死于，dre am of 夢(mèng)想，hear of 聽說，know of 了解，speak of

29、 談及，tell of 講到，think of 想起，talk of 論及。例如： Never has one of them complained of all the trouble we give.從來沒有人抱怨我們帶來這么多麻煩。Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen.二氧化碳由碳、氧兩種元素組成。b）動(dòng)詞+sb.+of+sth.。其中of有剝J奪，有關(guān)”之意：accuse of控告（譴責(zé)，非難）某人 ，cheat of騙走，deprive of剝奪,inform of匯報(bào)，rob of搶走,remind of 提醒，warn of警告

30、。例如：He has cheated me of my poverty.他騙走了 我的財(cái)產(chǎn)。They are deprived of their rights as citizens.他們的公民權(quán)都被剝奪了。c）動(dòng)詞+sth.+ of +sb. o介詞of表動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，后接動(dòng)作的賓語sb. : request of請(qǐng)求（某人做某事）,require of 要求得到。例如：All I request of you is that you should come here early.我唯的請(qǐng)求就是希望你早點(diǎn)來。You have done all the law requires of you.你做

31、的這一切都是法律對(duì)你的要求。2 . be +形容詞+ of。of后接表對(duì)象或目標(biāo)的詞，這類短語有很多：be aware of 覺察，be ashamed of 以 為恥，be afraid of 擔(dān)心，be bare of 沒有，be careful of 小心，be clear of 還 清債務(wù),be certain of 確信,be composed of 由 構(gòu)成,be envious of 嫉妒,be forgetful of 健忘,be fond of 喜歡,b e free of 免于；擺脫,be full of 充滿,be guilty of 認(rèn)罪,be hopeful of 抱

32、有希望,be informed of 匯報(bào),be impatient of對(duì)無耐心，be jealous of 嫉妒,be made of 用制成，be mindful of 留意，be proud of 以為驕傲，be sick of 煩于，be short of 缺乏，be sure of 確信，be tired of 困于，be worthy of 值得。3.of+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組：of age成年，of choice 精選的，of course當(dāng)然，of late最近，of name 有名的，of oneself自動(dòng)地，of purpose 有意地，of use有用，of values有

33、價(jià)值的。八、On1 .動(dòng)詞+ona）動(dòng)詞+ on。介詞on表示憑借，產(chǎn)生某結(jié)果，接通”等意思：act on對(duì)有作用，bring on促使；導(dǎo)致，call on拜訪某人，count on 依賴，carry on 執(zhí)行，depend on 取決，feed on以為生,figure on 料想；推斷，go on繼續(xù)，ha ve on 穿著,insist on 堅(jiān)持，keep on 繼續(xù),lean on 依賴,live on 以為生,pull on 迅速穿上,put on 穿上,switch o n接通（電源），take to喜歡；養(yǎng)成；車5易學(xué)會(huì)，turn on接通（電源），work on操作，wa

34、it on侍候。例如：This kind of medicine acts on the heart.這種藥對(duì)心臟有好處。The fine weather brings on the crops nicely.好天氣促使莊稼長(zhǎng)勢(shì)良好。We count on you to help.我們有賴你的幫助。b）動(dòng)詞+sb.（sth.）+ on +sb.（sth.） 。on的意思是 以，對(duì)一，在某方面"：base on以為基礎(chǔ)，congratulate on 恭賀，fix on固定，have mercy on 憐憫，have pity on 憐惜，keep watch on 監(jiān)視，spend

35、on 把時(shí)間、精力花在某方 面。例如：Theory should be based on practice.理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際。Congratulate on your success in the competition.恭喜你競(jìng)賽獲得成功。2 .be+形容詞+on的詞組：be dependent on 依賴，be hard on 對(duì)某人苛刻,be impressed on 對(duì)一印象深刻，be k een on渴望，be strict on 對(duì)嚴(yán)格。例如：We can' t just be dependent on our parents.我們不能只依賴父母。He is keen on g

36、oing abroad. 他渴望出國(guó)。3 .on+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組：on表示處于某種狀態(tài)或在某個(gè)方位：on board乘（車，飛機(jī)），on call聽候召喚，on duty值班，on earth 到底，on fire 著火，on foot 步行，on guard 在崗，on hire 雇用，on holiday 度假，on leave 休 假，on one' s knees 跪下,on one' s way在 的路上，on purpose 故意，on sale 彳寺售， on shore 在岸上，on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)，on the move 行動(dòng),on the other han

37、d另一方面,on the spot 當(dāng)場(chǎng),on the tip of one ' s tonguell說出 口 , on top of在的頂部，on watch值班。九、To1.動(dòng)詞+toa）動(dòng)詞+ to。介詞to意為 達(dá)到，指向”等：adjust to適應(yīng)，attend to 處理；照料，agree to 贊同，amount to 加起 來達(dá)，belong to屬于，come to 達(dá)到，drink to為干杯，get to到達(dá)，happen to 發(fā)生在某人身上，hold to緊 握，lead to 通向,listen to 聽，occur to 想起,object to 反對(duì)，p

38、oint to 指向,respond to 回答,refer to 參考；指的 是；涉及,reply to回答,see to負(fù)責(zé),stick to堅(jiān)持,turn to求助,write to給某人寫信。例如： She must learn to adjust herself to English life.她必須學(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng)英國(guó)的生活。Business has to be attended to.有事要辦。An idea occurred to me.我想出一個(gè)辦法。b）動(dòng)詞（+sth.）+to+sb.。下列動(dòng)詞不能直接帶間接賓語sb.,要接間接賓語時(shí)須在動(dòng)詞后加介詞to ： announce to

39、通知某人，describe to 向某人描述，explain to 向某人解釋，express to 對(duì)某人表達(dá)，mention to 提及，nod to向某 人點(diǎn)頭，report to 報(bào)告，say to告知，shout to對(duì)某人大叫，suggest to 對(duì)某人提建議,speak to 與某人交談，talk to 跟某人談話，whisper to和某人低聲耳語。例如：She suggested to me one or two suitable people for the committee.她跟我向委員會(huì)推舉了兩個(gè)合適的人選。c）動(dòng)詞+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.。此

40、時(shí)介詞to可譯成 至1J,于，給”等意思：add to增力口，compare to 比作，carry to 運(yùn)送至，devote to 致力于，introduce to 介紹給，invite to 邀請(qǐng)參加，join to 連接到，leave to 委托給，reduce to 下降 至，sentence to 判處,take to 帶到。例如：Please add a piece of candy to coffee.請(qǐng)給咖啡力口塊糖。Poets like to compare life to stage.詩人喜歡把人生比作舞臺(tái)。2 . be +形容詞/過去分詞+ to。to的意思是 對(duì)&qu

41、ot;：be alive to覺察；曉得，be attentive to 注意；留心，be awake to知曉，be blind to 缺乏眼光,be close to 緊挨著，be common to對(duì)某人來說很普通 ，be contrary to 違反；反對(duì)，be devoted to 致力，be deaf to 不愿意聽,be equal to 有的力量，be exposed to 暴露；遭受,be fair to 對(duì)公 平，be familiar to 對(duì)某人來說熟悉,be grateful to 對(duì)某人心存感激，be good to 對(duì)有好處，be harmful to 對(duì)有 危害

42、,be important to 對(duì) 重要，be kind to 友好對(duì)待，be known to 周知于,be married to 嫁給，be moved to 轉(zhuǎn)移 至1J, be near to 靠近，be necessary to 對(duì)有必要，be opposite to 在對(duì)面，be opposed to反對(duì)，be pleasant to 合某人之意，be proper to 專屬，be polite to 禮貌待人,be rude to 粗暴又t待，be relative to 與 有關(guān)，be strange to 不習(xí)慣，be similar to 類似，be suitable

43、to 適合，be true to 忠實(shí)，be thankful to 感激，be useful to 對(duì)有用，be us ed to習(xí)慣。例如：Are you alive to what is going on?你注意到發(fā)生什么事了嗎？The old man was not equal to the situation.那老人不能應(yīng)付這種情況。His house is opposite to mine.他的房子在我的房子對(duì)面。3 .to+名詞構(gòu)成的詞組有：to a degree 在某種程度上，to date到現(xiàn)在為止，to one ' s feet起來，to one ' s m

44、ind照 看來，to one ' s surprise!吃驚，to one ' s tast箭合胃口，to oneself 獨(dú)自享用，to order 定彳,to the letter 不 折不扣地，to the point 中肯地。介詞介詞又叫前置詞，是一種虛詞。介詞分為三種，一種是簡(jiǎn)單介詞，如at, in, on, beside, to , for 等；另一種是短語介詞，即由兩個(gè)以上的詞組組成的短語，如 in front of, because of, out of, instead of 等；還有一種叫二 重介詞，如 until after, from behind 等。

45、（一）介詞的句法功能介詞不能獨(dú)立在句中做成份，介詞后必須與名詞、代詞、或動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語在句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成份，表 示人、物、事件等與其它人、物、事件等之間的關(guān)系。1、作定語：The book on the table is mine.2、作狀語：We have breakfast at seven.（表時(shí)間）； They were late for meeting because of the heavyrain.（表原因）； They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法）3、作表語：My dictionary is in the b

46、ag.4、作賓語補(bǔ)足語：I found him in the office.（二）主要介詞區(qū)別1、表示時(shí)間的 at, in, on : at表示片刻的時(shí)間，如： at 8 o ' clock常用詞組有：at noon, at night, atmidnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等。in 表示段的時(shí)間，如： in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in Octobe

47、r, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future 等。on 總是跟日子有關(guān)，on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on awarm morning 等。2、表示時(shí)間的since和from : since表示從過去到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間的過程，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。from表示從時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)開始，不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。一般多與現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過去時(shí)、將來時(shí)連用。如：I hope to domorning exercises from today./ We have not se

48、en each other since 1995.3、表示時(shí)間的in和after ：兩者都表示在（某個(gè)時(shí)間）之后，區(qū)別在于in表示 在（一段時(shí)間）之后 ”，而after則表示 在（某一具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)之后）"，in短語和將來時(shí)態(tài)連用，after短語和過去時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)連用。如： we ll be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation?注意：after有時(shí)也可以表示在一段時(shí)間之后（常用在過去時(shí)里）。如：After two months he ret

49、urned.4、表示地理位置的in, on, to : in表示在某范圍內(nèi)，on指與什么毗鄰，to指在某環(huán)境范圍之外。如： Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China.5、表示 在上"的on和in ： on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。如：There is abook on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the ne

50、wspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.6、表示 穿過"的through和across : through表示從內(nèi)部通過，與 in有關(guān)；across則表示從一端至另一端在表面上的通過，與 on 有關(guān)。如： Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.7 、 in the corner, on the corner, at the corner : in the corner 表示在角落里，in 指角的內(nèi)面； on the corner表示 在角上“，on指的不是

51、內(nèi)面，也不是外面，而含內(nèi)外兼有之意；at the corner指 在拐角處”，at指的是拐角夕卜附近的夕卜面。如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met with him at the street corner./ He sat onthe corner of the table.8 、 in the end, at the end of, by the end of ： in the end 作 “最后 ”、 “終于 ”解，可單獨(dú)使用，后不接介詞 of ； at the end of表示 在末梢"，到盡頭"，既

52、可指時(shí)間，也可以指地上或物體。不可單獨(dú)使用；by theend of作 在結(jié)束時(shí)"，到末為止"解，只能指時(shí)間。不可單獨(dú)使用。如： In the end they reached aplace of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the end of last month he had finished the novel.9 、表示 “關(guān)于 ”的 a

53、bout 和 on ：兩者都有 “關(guān)于 ”的意思，不過前者為一般用詞，而后者為較正式的 “論述 ” 。 如： He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science.10 、 between, among ：一般說來， between 表示兩者之間， among 用于三者或三者以上的中間。如： You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates.注意：但有時(shí)說的雖然是三個(gè)以上的人或東西，如

54、果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是兩兩相互間接關(guān)系，適用于between 。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在談到一些事物或一組事物，而把它們視為分居兩邊時(shí)用between 。如： The little valley lies between high mountains.。在談事物間的差別時(shí)，總是用 between 。如：They don t know the difference between wheat, oats and barley.11 、 besides, except, but, except for : besides

55、 指 除了還有，再力口上 “。如： All went out besidesme. ； except 指 “除了，減去什么 ”，不能放在句首。如： All went out except me. ； but 與 except 意思近似，表 示 除了外"經(jīng)常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑問詞后面。如： I never saw himreading anything but the newspaper. ； except for 表示 如無就，只是“表明理由細(xì)節(jié)。如： His diary isgood except for a f

56、ew spelling mistakes. 。12 、表示 “用 ”的 in 和 with ：表示工具的 “用 ”，用 with ，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、單位、語言、聲音等的 “用 ”，用 in 。如： He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English.13 、 in charge of 和 in the charge of ：

57、兩者都表示 “由誰負(fù)責(zé)、照顧、管理”。區(qū)別在于： in charge of 后接被照管的人或物，而in the charge of 后面則跟照管的人。如： Who is in charge of the project?/ The project isin the charge of an engineer. 。14 、as, like : as作作為”、以地位或身份”解。如：Let me speak to you as a father.（事實(shí)是父親）；like 作 象一樣"解。如：Let me speak to you like a father.（事實(shí)上不是父親）。15 、in

58、 front of 和 in the front of : in front of = before ,是 在前面”的意思（不在某物內(nèi)）； in the frontof 則是 在前部”的意思（在某物內(nèi)）。如： There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in thefront of the car. 。16 、 in, into ： into 表示動(dòng)向，不表示目的地或位置。如： We walked into the park. ； in 通常表示位置。 如： We walked in the park ； in 和 drop, fall, put, throw, break