商務(wù)英語聽力原文阮績智 浙大出

1、TapescriptUnit 1 Applying for a JobII. Listening Task1.RecruitmentWhen a company needs to recruit or employ new people, it may decide to advertise the job or position in the appointments section of a newspaper or on the Internet. People who are interested can then apply for the job by sending in a l

2、etter of application or cover letter and a curriculum vitae (CV) or résumé containing details of their education and experience. A company may also ask candidates to complete a standard application form. The companys Human Resource Department or Personnel Department will then select the mo

3、st suitable applications and prepare a short list of candidates or applicants, who are invited to attend an interview. 2.Some Common Aspects of Job InterviewingJob interviews are all about making the best matches. Both the company and the job-seeker want to determine if there is a correct fit betwee

4、n them. Job-seekers going on job interviews can basically expect one of two styles of interviewing, the traditional job interview and the behavioral interview. While the styles differ, there are some basic activities job-seekers need to do both before and after the interview in order to succeed. Pre

5、paring and Researching: Job-seekers must spend time before the interview conducting research on the type of job, company, and industry they are interviewing. Your knowledge of these factors is critical to your success. Anticipating Questions and Preparing Answers: Although the types of questions dif

6、fer depending on the interviewing style, job-seekers must plan and be prepared for the typical types of questions. You should not memorize answers, but script specific responses so that you will be able to remember more details when asked about the question in the interview. You should also have sev

7、eral questions ready to ask the interviewer. Follow-Up: It is amazing how many job-seekers skip this crucial step. You must immediately write a thank-you note to each person who interviewed you. Not only is this letter part of professional etiquette, but it is often time to reinforce a concept or sk

8、ill that you have and that the employer desires in the person they will be hiring. 3.Traditional Interview and Behavioral InterviewThe traditional job interview uses broad-based questions such as, “why do you want to work for this company,” and “tell me about your strengths and weaknesses.” Intervie

9、wing success is more often based on the ability of the job-seeker to communicate than on the truthfulness or content of their answers. Employers are looking for the answer to three questions: does the job-seeker have the skills and abilities to perform the job; does the job-seeker possess the enthus

10、iasm and work ethic that the employer expects; and will the job-seeker be a team player and fit into the organization. The behavioral job interview is based on the theory that past performance is the best indicator of future behavior, and uses questions that probe specific past behaviors, such as: “

11、tell me about a time where you confronted an unexpected problem,” “tell me about an experience when you failed to achieve a goal,” and “give me a specific example of a time when you managed several projects at once.” Job-seekers need to prepare for these interviews by recalling scenarios that fit th

12、e various types of behavioral interviewing questions. Recent college grads with little work experience should focus on class projects and group situations that might lend themselves to these types of questions. Hobbies and volunteer work also might provide examples you could use. Job-seekers should

13、frame their answers based on a four-part outline: (1) describe the situation, (2) discuss the actions you took, (3) relate the outcomes, and (4) specify what you learned from it. Unit 2 Business Phone CallsII. Listening Task1.How to Make Business Phone CallsBeing good in your job requires a lot of h

14、ard work. It is about submitting the most comprehensive report, shining during business meetings, being able to meet your deadlines, and having good presentation skills. Equally important as these competencies is your ability to conduct effective business phone calls.Phone calls can be very useful t

15、ools in developing your business. Its a communication process which can contribute a lot to your business if you know how to make every phone call work for your objectives. Here are some tips for making business phone calls. 1. Develop a professional greeting. Dont just say hello and jump into your

16、telephone presentation without taking a breath or allowing the other party to participate. Your greeting should err on the side of formality. Begin with Mr., Mrs. or Ms, as in “Good morning, Mr. Smith.” Or “Good evening, Mrs. Jones.” Everyone else says, “Hello.” Be different. Be professional.2. Intr

17、oduce yourself and your company. “My name is John Smith with ABC Company. Were a local firm that specializes in helping businesses save money.” Dont get too specific yet. Dont mention your product. If you do, that allows the other party to say, “Oh, were happy with what weve got. Thanks anyway,” and

18、 hang up. By keeping your introduction general, yet mentioning a benefit, youll peak your prospects curiosity and keep them on the line longer.3. Express gratitude. Always thank the potential client for allowing you a few moments in his busy day. Tell him that you wont waste a second of his time. “I

19、 want to thank you for taking my call. This will only involve a moment of your time so you can get back to your busy schedule.”Dont say that youll “just take a moment.” The feeling evoked by them hearing that youll take anything from them will put them off.4. State the purpose of your call. Its best

20、 if you can provide the purpose within a question. “If we can show you a way to improve the quality of your product at a lower cost, would you be interested to know more?” This is very likely to get a yes response. At this point, youre ready to start selling an opportunity to meet this person or get

21、 their permission to provide them with more information. Youre not selling your product yetyoure selling what your product will do for him.5. Schedule a meeting. Get a confirmation to meet, either in person or to the teleconference to get the information you need in order to give a solid presentatio

22、n. If hes so interested that he wants to do it right then and there, thats OK.6. If a face-to-face meeting is the most appropriate next step, use the alternate-of-choice questioning strategy. Offer him two times, “Mr. Johnson, I can pop by your office at 2:15 p.m. today to discuss this further. Or w

23、ould 9:45 a.m. tomorrow better suit your schedule?” You didnt say, “When can we meet?” When you use the alternate of choice, you take control of getting the appointment. And note: Asking for an off-hour gets you noticed. Theres something about setting a meeting at an off-hour that says youre a sales

24、person wholl be punctual and respect your prospects time. Try it.7. Thank them for their time today and for the upcoming appointment. Reconfirm the date, time and location of the appointment. Ask for directions if you need them. Tell him how much preparation youll do in order to make the best use of

25、 the time youll share. Give him your contact information this way: “If anything else comes to mind that I should be aware of prior to our meeting, please contact me at 88662688”.8. Follow up. If your meeting is more than a few days in the future, send a letter of confirmation immediately. If the mee

26、ting is tomorrow, send an e-mail confirmation. Keep it short and upbeat.2.Telephone MannersAlthough email and instant messaging are quickly becoming standard forms of office communication, the telephone still plays an important role in business. Just like a face-to-face meeting, telephone conversati

27、ons are expected to follow certain rules of etiquette to help make the experience pleasant and productive for all those involved. When making a business call, be sure to first identify yourself and your company. If youre routed to a receptionist or operator, also include the name of the person youre

28、 trying to reach. A simple, “Hello, this is Mark Robert from Pacific Edge International. May I speak to Mary Grand?” will do. Be prepared with one or two sentences explaining the purpose for your call. When you are connected with the person, state the purpose of your call and then be sure to ask if

29、you are calling at a convenient time. This is one of the most overlooked areas of phone etiquette, and allows the person youre calling the opportunity to better address your needs at a later time. People make business phone calls for specific reasons. Very rarely do clients call just to catch up. Te

30、lephone calls usually lead to some action to be taken, so make sure your first vocal impression is a good one by trying to answer the phone as pleasantly and professionally as possible. Identify yourself and your company when receiving an incoming call. While its not impolite to say, “Pacific Edge I

31、nternational, Mark Robert speaking,” it might be easier on the listener to say, “Thank you for calling Pacific Edge International. This is Mark Robert. How may I help you?” Variations on this theme can convey your greeting quite effectively. If you work at a large corporation with many departments,

32、it may also help to include your department or section name, “This is Mark Robert, accounts receivable. How may I help you?” If you have to leave a message or voice mail for someone, make it short and to the point. Speak clearly and slowly and leave your name, phone number, and a brief message. Say

33、your name and number at the beginning and again at the end of the message, especially if you dont know the person youre calling. If the voice mail system allows you to play back your message, consider taking advantage of that feature to make sure your message is clear and communicates your needs.Ret

34、urning messages promptly is always appreciated. Its customary to return telephone calls within 24 hours. If you cannot attend to the callers needs within that time, briefly phone the person to say when you will be available.3.Telephone EnglishA lot of people find it difficult to make phone calls in

35、a foreign languageand thats understandable. You cant see the person you are talking to, their voice might be unclear, and you might find it difficult to find the right words. One thing you can do to improve your telephone skills is to learn some of the multi-word verbs that are commonly used in tele

36、phone conversations. Most of them are featured in this module. Hold on means “wait”and hang on means “wait”, too. Be careful not to confuse hang on with hang up! Hang up means “finish the call by breaking the connection”in other words: “put the phone down.”  Another phrasal verb with the same m

37、eaning as “hang up” is “ring off”.  The opposite of “hang up” or “ring off” is “ring up”. If you ring somebody up, you make a phone call. And if you pick up the phone, (or pick the phone up) you answer a call when the phone rings. If you are talking to a receptionist, secretary or switchbo

38、ard operator, they may ask you to hang on while they put you through. “Put through” means to connect your call to another telephone. With this verb, the object (you, me, him, her, etc.) goes in the middle of the verb: put you through. But if you cant get through to the person you want to talk to, yo

39、u might be able to leave a message asking them to call you back. “Call back” means to return a phone call. If you use an object (you, me, him, her, etc.), it goes in the middle of the verb: call you back. Unit 3 At the Meeting II. Listening Task1.MeetingsMeetings are communicating with an audience i

40、n a format in which more than one individual come together to introduce, review, or decide something. Many people make fun of meetings and say they are a waste of time but these are the places and times when a lot of decisions are made and business gets done. Meeting times and places have become mor

41、e complicated as new technologies have emerged and become less expensive and more popular. As examples, teleconferences are now a standard way to bring people in different places together for a meeting. Videoconferences are more expensive and require broadband connections and more expensive equipmen

42、t, but their use is growing rapidly. The use of audio and video conferencing over the Internet is now growing quickly. Its lower price is attractive, but the lower quality can be a distraction.Usually someone calls a meeting, and other people check their calendars and attend if their schedule is fre

43、e and they dont have a conflict or other prior commitment. A meeting place and meeting time are arranged, and an agenda or the goals of the meeting are set. Once these are established and agreed on, people prepare what they will need for the meeting, like graphs, or a PowerPoint presentation. The fu

44、ture of meetings is that they will happen anywhere you are, any time you are awake. Businesses now often have to make strategy and plan and take action quickly. To do this, the people involved have to come together in some form, review the situation, and make a decision. More and more, these people

45、are in different places, and may even speak different languages. These are the challenges that modern meeting technologies need to solve. Advances in compression and streaming technologies are allowing higher and higher quality audio and video transmission over the Internet, so many people believe s

46、mall, affordable Internet meeting technologies are the future of meetings when people cant meet face to face.2.Why Have a Meeting?Depending on your job, you may be involved in meetings once a week or several times a day. Many work teams, for example, function by meeting together formally and informa

47、lly to discuss workplace issues. Organizations use meetings to help co-ordinate activities involving a number of people or work groups. Meetings are used to negotiate sales, investigate problems, plan events, set up business arrangements, develop new procedures and so on. Community bodies and social

48、 clubs also have regular meetings, so even your spare time can be taken up in this way.Meetings offer many benefits to an organization and its members. A well-run meeting encourages co-ordinationpeople can keep up-to-date with developments and changes, which means better planning and co-operation be

49、tween sections. Meetings can give people an opportunity to share ideas and help develop team spirit. Other benefits of well-managed meetings include greater organizational consensus resulting from collaboration, and more effective problem solving.Different situations require different kinds of meeti

50、ngs. Depending on the problem to be solved, the type of business to be transacted and the nature of the group and leadership style, you might choose: committee meetings; conferences; informal decision-making sessions; conventions; general staff meetings; formal board meetings; meetings to give instr

51、uctions and training sessions.3.Meeting OpeningWell, wed better make a start. I would like to start by welcoming everyone. This is the first meeting in our new series of weekly meetings just for engineers. The reason why we are here today is to discuss the two most important issues we will be dealin

52、g with next month. Most of you have asked me to include these on the agenda, and I have done so. As you can see on the agenda, these issues are: first, the renovation of our laboratory; and second, the selection of the design team for our PWC project. The meeting will finish at noon. That gives us t

53、wo hours. Ordinarily, the meeting will last only one hour. But I think this first meeting will require a lot of discussion, since you are all eager to discuss the two issues on the agenda. So, lets begin with the first item of business: the renovation of our laboratory. Lets begin by going around th

54、e table and getting everyones opinion before we have a free discussion. Unit 4 Business Presentations II. Listening Task1.The Role of Business PresentationsAnyone who plans a career in sales, training, or education expects to make many oral presentations to customers, employees, or students each wee

55、k. What you may not have realized, though, is that almost everyone in business will give at least one major presentation and many smaller ones each year, to customers, superiors, subordinates, or colleaguesnot to mention presentations at various kinds of meetings, civic clubs and the like. The costs

56、 of effective presentations are immense. With many managers earning big salaries, a presentation that discusses ideas incompletely and ineffectively wastes time and money. Sales are lost, vital information is not communicated, training programs fail, policies are not implemented, and profits fall. T

57、echnology is undoubtedly changing the physical characteristics of oral presentations in businessfor example, by making presentations possible via interactive computer or television rather than in person. Competent communicators recognize, however, that the compelling effects of verbal and nonverbal

58、communication strategies that are possible in oral presentations will continue to make them a critical communication competency in the contemporary business organization. 2.How to Overcome Presentation NervesGood morning, everyone. I would like to give you a brief talk on how to overcome presentatio

59、n nerves.Its important to think about why people get nervous and the effects nerves can have on you when you present. There are all sorts of symptoms that can be created through nerves. And sometimes they can manifest themselves quite a lot when people present.So the more you are aware of them and aware of the fact that its quite normal to feel nervous then the more that you can actually sta