火災(zāi)報警外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯

1、本科畢業(yè)生外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯指導(dǎo)教師:孟潔所在學(xué)院:信息技術(shù)學(xué)院專業(yè)：電氣工程及其自動化黑施扛八中國大慶2012年5月Automatic fire alarm systemThe traditional electron safe alarm system mainly is through the sensor automatic detection, produces the alarm, sends out the alarm from the scene or reports to the police through the special electric cable near dist

2、ance, thus causes people's vigilance. Through many years research and the development, the present alarm apparatus may say is the class is multitudinous. As a result of the alarm apparatus rapid development and the social each domain anxious need, can the application domain be more and more many

3、, specially is rapidly develops in the civil domain.In recent years, the infrared alarm apparatus already became reports to the police a domain hot spot, because it used was not the obviously infrared acquisition, there for had the hiding to be good, characteristic and so on security. Theinfrared se

4、nsor is different according to the mechanism may divide into the light survey and the hot survey. The light acquisition sensor is uses the photon effect the infrared acquisition aid. This kind of sensor speed of response quick, the sensitivity high, the examination characteristic is good, but needs

5、to cool, uses not conveniently. Moreover the component examination sensitivity and the infrared wave length concern. The hot acquisition sensor is uses hotly releases the electricity effect the infrared acquisition aid. After receives the goal the infrared radiation temperature increment, the temper

6、ature elevates causes the sensor interior certain physical quantities changes, through examination physical quantity change definite infrared emission. This kind of sensor works under the room temperature condition, examination sensitivity also very high, speed of response also very quick, moreover

7、has nothing to do with the infrared emission wavelength, may survey the power only to receive the background radiation the limit, the application is very convenient. This article designs is the passive form hotly releases the electricity infrared acquisition aid. In the article mainly elaborated has

8、 hotly released the electricity the principle, hotly releases content and so on many alarm circuit which the electric detector the characteristic, the BISSOOO1 signal processor, 555 timers composed. Finally designed completes has hotly released the electricity infrared detection alarm apparatus the

9、hardware electric circuit.With the modern family use of fire, electricity consumption increases, the frequency of home fires is getting higher and higher. The family of fire, it is easy to fight does not occur promptly, the lack of fire-fighting equipment and the presence of panic-stricken people, t

10、o escape unfavorable factors, such as retardation, which eventually led to a significant loss of life and property. Explore the characteristics of the family of fire and fire prevention measures.For the prevention of domestic fires, reducing the fire losses have practical significance .In the modern

11、 urban family, because of lot of people do not understand common sense home security caused by fire, so that the happy family Goog ruined blink of an eye, and some lead to destruction, but the event of household fires, improper disposal, alarm delay is caused so thatpeople should get to know more ab

12、out the main causes of household fires, master to prevent the fire of knowledge and in case of fire to protect his or her own way, timely elimination of The United Kingdom each year more than 50000 families of serious fires, most of them fire casualties and significant loss of household assets, and

13、some result in the neighbors, more heavy fire losses. Investigate the causes of fire in time, the vast majority of home fires happen parties said that the fire always feel that things are other people with their own far away, did not think this will happen even in the top of his head.Home fires are

14、the main reason for negligent not to take timely preventive measures . In some of our large and medium-sized cities, almost every day family fires, fire prevention is so each family must always pay attention to. If your home based on the actual situation in advance to take simple fire prevention mea

15、sures, a number of tragedies are entirely avoidable.Automatic fire alarm system is in order to inform the early detection of fire, and take effective measures to control and fight fires, and set in a building or other place of an automatic fire facilities, is that people with a powerful tool to figh

16、t the fire. Fire alarm system, fire detectors generally, regional centralized alarm alarm and composition; also be required under the project with various firefighting facilities and conimunication devices linked to form a central control system. From automatic alarm, automatic fire fighting, evacua

17、tion guidance, system process shows that, fire up a complete file management, fire control system.Fire detectors are fire detection devices, as in the stage of fire will produce smoke with high temperature flame cells. The smoke, heat and light into electrical signals through the detector alarm or a

18、utomatic fire extinguishing system to start fighting the fire in time. Area where the floor of alarm detector can send the signal into sound and light alarm, and fire on the screen showing the room number; while also monitoring the concentration of certain floors of alarm (if the monitor is located

19、in the building fire Control Center) output signal or control automatic fire extinguishing system. Concentration of alarm signal is received by way of sound and light show, and the screen also shows the specific fire floor and room number, the plane stopped taking the first alarm clock to record the

20、 timing, use of the machine-specific phones, but also quickly to the fire alarm to give directions and. In addition, you can control the fire extinguishing system or signal transmission to the fire control room.Automatic fire alarm system is by the trigger devices, fire alarm, fire alarm devices and

21、 other auxiliary functions of the device with the composition of a button fire alarm system fire alarm system. It can fire early stages of burning smoke, heat and light radiation and other physical quantities, by temperature. Photographic and other smoke and fire detectors into electrical signals, t

22、ransmitted to the fire alarm controller, and also shows the site of the fire, the fire record of the time. General fire alarm system and automatic sprinkler system, fire hydrant systems, smoke control systems, ventilation systems, air conditioning system, fire doors, fire shutter, smoke screen and o

23、ther related equipment interaction, automatically or manually issue commands to start thecorresponding device.(A) The trigger deviceof the trigger devices in automatic fire alarm system, automatic or manual fire alarm signal devices generate called trigger conditions, including fire detectors and ma

24、nual fire alarm button. Fire detector is able to fire parameters (smoke, temperature, flame radiation, gas concentration, etc.) response, and automatically generate a fire alarm signal devices. Fire response parameters according to different fire detectors into heat detectors, smoke detector, sensit

25、ive fire detectors, combustible gas detectors and fire detectors five basic types of composite. Different types of fire detectors for different types of fires and different places. Manual fire alarm button fire alarm signal generated manually start the automatic fire alarm system devices, automatic

26、fire alarm system is an indispensable component of the.(B) fire alarm installationthe fire alarm device in automatic fire alarm system to receive, display and transmit fire alarm signals, and can send control signals and control functions with other auxiliary equipment as the fire alarm device instr

27、uctions. Fire alarm control is one of the most basic kind. Charged with the fire alarm control fire detectors provide a stable working power; detector and the working status of the system itself; the reception, conversion, processing a warning of fire detectors;export; Jinxing sound and light alarm;

28、 Knowledge specific location and alarm time; the same time supporting the implementation of appropriate control and many other tasks. Fire alarm system is a core component. In the fire alarm devices, some devices such as break, regional monitors, fire shows and other functions can not complete disc

29、alarm device, which can be regarded as the evolution of fire alarm controller or supplement. Under certain conditions applied, and the fire alarm device fire alarm control belong.The basic function of fire alarm control are: the main power, backup power automatically converted, standby power charge

30、function, power failure monitoring function, power functions working status indicator, power supply for the detector circuit function, control sensors or system failures, sound and light alarm, fire sound, light alarm, fire alarm and memory function, clock function unit, with priority being given fa

31、ult function fire alarm, sound alarm sound audible alarm mute and again.(C) Fire control equipmentFire control equipment in automatic fire alarm system, when receiving the fire alarm,automatically or manually start the related fire-fighting equipment and display devices of their state, known as the

32、fire control equipment. Include fire alarm control, automatic fire extinguishing system control device, fire hydrant system control devices, smoke exhaust system and air conditioning and ventilation system control device, normally open fire doors, fire shutter control device, the lift back down cont

33、rol equipment, and fire emergency radio, fire alarms, fire communications equipment, fire evacuation signs and emergency lighting control devices, control devices in some or all. Fire control equipment normally installed in the fire control center to facilitate the implementation of centralized cont

34、rol. While others set fire control equipment, fire fighting equipment is located in the charged field, but its actions must be returned fire control signal, combined with the implementation of centralization and decentralization of control.(D) electrical sourcefire alarm system power supply electric

35、al equipment belonging to the fire, the main power should be in the fire power, standby power use of battery. In addition to fire alarm system power controller, power supply, but also related to the system for the fire control equipment such as power supply.火災(zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)傳統(tǒng)電子安全報警系統(tǒng)主要是通過傳感器自動檢測,產(chǎn)生報警信號,從現(xiàn)場發(fā)

36、 出報警信號或通過專門電纜近距離報警，從而引起人們的警覺。通過多年的研究和 發(fā)展,現(xiàn)在的報警器可以說是門類眾多。由于報警器的飛速發(fā)展和社會各個領(lǐng)域的 急切需要，能應(yīng)用的領(lǐng)域越來越多,特別是在民用領(lǐng)域更是急速發(fā)展。近年來,紅外線報警器已經(jīng)成為報警領(lǐng)域的一個熱點，由于其采用的是不可見 的紅外線探測，所以具有隱蔽性好、安全等特點。紅外線傳感器按機(jī)理不同可以分 為光探測型和熱探測型。光探測傳感器是利用光子效應(yīng)的紅外探測器。這類傳感器 響應(yīng)速度快、靈敏度高、檢測特性好，但需要冷卻，使用不方便。而且器件的檢測靈 敏度與紅外波長有關(guān)。熱探測傳感器是利用熱釋電效應(yīng)的紅外探測器。在接收到目 標(biāo)的紅外輻射后溫度升

37、高,溫度的升高乂引起傳感器內(nèi)部某些物理量的變化,通過檢 測物理量的變化來確定紅外線輻射。這類傳感器在室溫條件下工作,檢測靈敏度也 很高,響應(yīng)速度也很快,而且與紅外線輻射波長無關(guān),可探測功率只受背景輻射的限 制,應(yīng)用很方便。本文設(shè)計的是被動式熱釋電紅外探測器。文中主要論述了熱釋電 的原理、熱釋電探測器的特性、BISS0001傳感信號處理器、555定時器組成的多諧 振蕩報警電路等內(nèi)容。最后設(shè)計完成了熱釋電紅外探測報警器的硬件電路。隨著現(xiàn)代家庭用火、用電量的增加，家庭火災(zāi)發(fā)生的頻率越來越高。家庭火災(zāi) 一旦發(fā)生，很容易出現(xiàn)撲救不及時、滅火器材缺乏及在場人驚慌失措、逃生遲緩等 不利因素,最終導(dǎo)致重大生命

38、財產(chǎn)損失。探討家庭火災(zāi)的特點及防火對策,對于預(yù)防 家庭火災(zāi),減少火災(zāi)損失具有現(xiàn)實意義。在現(xiàn)代城市家庭里，許多人因不懂家庭安全 常識引起火災(zāi)事故,使好端端的幸福家庭轉(zhuǎn)眼間毀于一旦,有的導(dǎo)致家破人亡，而且 一旦發(fā)生居民家庭火災(zāi)，處置不當(dāng)、報警遲緩，是造成人員受害的原因。人們應(yīng)該積 極了解家庭火災(zāi)的主要起因，掌握防止發(fā)生火災(zāi)的知識和萬一發(fā)生火災(zāi)時保護(hù)自己 的方法,及時消除隱患。英國每年發(fā)生50000起以上的嚴(yán)重家庭火災(zāi),其中大部分火 災(zāi)造成人員傷亡和重大的家庭財產(chǎn)損失,有的還連累左鄰右舍,火災(zāi)損失更加慘重。 在調(diào)查火災(zāi)起因的時候,絕大多數(shù)發(fā)生火災(zāi)家庭的當(dāng)事人說，以前總覺得火災(zāi)是人家 的事情,與自己離

39、得很遠(yuǎn),沒有想到這一次竟然會發(fā)生在自己的頭上。家庭火災(zāi)的主要原因是麻痹大意,沒有及時采取預(yù)防措施。在我國的一些大中 城市,幾乎每天都發(fā)生家庭火災(zāi),所以防火是每個家庭必須時刻注意的問題。假如能 根據(jù)您家的實際情況預(yù)先采取簡單的防火措施,一些悲劇是完全可以避免的?；馂?zāi)自動報警系統(tǒng)是人們?yōu)榱嗽缙诎l(fā)現(xiàn)通報火災(zāi),并及時采取有效措施,控制 和撲滅火災(zāi)，而設(shè)置在建筑物中或其它場所的一種自動消防設(shè)施,是人們同火災(zāi)作斗爭的有力工具?；馂?zāi)報警系統(tǒng)，一般由火災(zāi)探測器、區(qū)域報警器和集中 報警器組成;也可以根據(jù)工程的要求同各種滅火設(shè)施和通訊裝置聯(lián)動，以形成中心控 制系統(tǒng)。即由自動報警、自動滅火、安全疏散誘導(dǎo)、系統(tǒng)過程顯示、消防檔案管理 等組成一個完整的消防控制系統(tǒng)。火災(zāi)探測器是探測火災(zāi)的儀器，由于在火災(zāi)發(fā)生 的階段，將伴隨產(chǎn)生煙霧、高溫格火光。這些煙、熱和光可以通過探測器轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殡?信號報警或使自動滅火系統(tǒng)啟動，及時撲滅火災(zāi)。區(qū)域報警器能將所在樓層之探測 器發(fā)出的信號轉(zhuǎn)換為聲光報警,并在屏幕上顯示出火災(zāi)的房間號；同時還能監(jiān)視若干 樓層的集中報警器（如果監(jiān)視整個大樓的則設(shè)于消防控制中心）輸出信號或控制自動 滅火系統(tǒng)。集中報警是將接收到的信號以聲光方式顯示出來,其屏幕上也具體顯示 出著火的樓層和房間號,機(jī)上停走的時鐘記錄下首次報警時間性,利用本機(jī)專用電話, 還可迅速發(fā)出指示和向消防隊報警。此外，