語法填空點(diǎn)撥

1、語法填空語法填空思考與訓(xùn)練思考與訓(xùn)練一、練習(xí)與思考 廣東省廣東省20072007年英語高考樣題年英語高考樣題閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語，或使用括號(hào)中的詞語閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語，或使用括號(hào)中的詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡上標(biāo)號(hào)為的適當(dāng)形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡上標(biāo)號(hào)為31-4031-40的相應(yīng)位的相應(yīng)位置。置。（共（共1010小題，每小題小題，每小題1.51.5分，滿分分，滿分1515分）分） Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese 36 (kill) right below their windows. S

2、he was 37 neighbor. Yet 38 of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research into the 39 why people didnt act. They found that a person has to go through two steps 40 he can help. First he has to notice that it is 41 emergency（緊急情況

3、）. Is the smoke coming into the room 42 a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? Its not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and 43 important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally 44 (responsibility). H

4、e must feel that he must help, 45 the person wont get the help he needs. Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese 36 (kill) right below their windows. She was 37 neighbor. Yet 38 of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research in

5、to the 39 why people didnt act. They found that a person has to go through two steps 40 he can help. First he has to notice that it is 41 emergency（緊急情況）（緊急情況）.killednonetheirreasonbeforean Is the smoke coming into the room 42 a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smok

6、e from a fire? Its not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and 43 important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally 44 (responsibility). He must feel that he must help, 45 the person wont get the help he needs.frommostresponsibleor 二、分析與研究請找出文章中考到的請找出

7、文章中考到的考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)：36題：題：_ 37題題: _38題：題：_ 39題：題：_40題：題：_ 41題：題：_42題：題：_ 43題：題：_44題：題：_ 45題：題：_語法填空題可能考到的還有：副詞、習(xí)慣用語、特殊語法填空題可能考到的還有：副詞、習(xí)慣用語、特殊句型等。句型等。非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞代詞代詞代詞代詞名詞（從句前）名詞（從句前）連詞連詞冠詞冠詞介詞介詞形容詞形容詞形容詞形容詞連詞連詞2004-2006年高考英語（廣東卷）考點(diǎn)分布及其題量年高考英語（廣東卷）考點(diǎn)分布及其題量時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)非謂語動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞詞組連詞從句副詞代詞冠詞介詞20052211221120062211212007

8、11211211動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞連詞連詞從這表格同我們平時(shí)訓(xùn)練語法填空的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中總結(jié)出：動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞連詞連詞代詞代詞冠詞冠詞介詞介詞常考?？伎忌趶?fù)習(xí)的過程中要注意考生在復(fù)習(xí)的過程中要注意全面性全面性，既要覆蓋所有的語法項(xiàng)目，更要有針對，既要覆蓋所有的語法項(xiàng)目，更要有針對性，即要性，即要關(guān)注重點(diǎn)的語法項(xiàng)目關(guān)注重點(diǎn)的語法項(xiàng)目1 1、閱讀、閱讀/ /理解理解語篇語篇的能力的能力; ;2 2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力; ;3 3、熟練運(yùn)用語法的能力。、熟練運(yùn)用語法的能力。語法填空題語法填空題能力要求能力要求 從語法角度去考慮，填的是從語法角度去考慮，填的是語語法詞法詞，包括，包括功能詞功能詞和和詞形

9、變換詞形變換兩個(gè)兩個(gè)方面。不限定一個(gè)詞。方面。不限定一個(gè)詞。語法填空題語法填空題解題方向解題方向語法填空備考語法填空備考1. 動(dòng)詞（多數(shù)會(huì)給出提示詞）動(dòng)詞（多數(shù)會(huì)給出提示詞）思考方向思考方向（劃分句子（劃分句子主干：主干：主，主，謂，賓謂，賓）缺謂語動(dòng)詞（缺謂語動(dòng)詞（9種時(shí)態(tài)種時(shí)態(tài)/2種語態(tài)變化）種語態(tài)變化）謂語動(dòng)詞齊，謂語動(dòng)詞齊，充當(dāng)充當(dāng)非謂語非謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞to doV-ingV-ed 表目的（將來）表目的（將來）主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行被動(dòng)，完成被動(dòng)，完成(狀態(tài)狀態(tài))1. When the old man _ (start) to look for the door key, he d

10、iscovered that his wife _(hide) it in a different place. 2. More than a dozen students in that school _ (send) abroad to study medicine last year. 充當(dāng)謂語：時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)變化充當(dāng)謂語：時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)變化(劃分主，謂劃分主，謂) started had hiddenwere sent1. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ (have)

11、 a look at the sports stars. 充當(dāng)非謂語：充當(dāng)非謂語： to do, V-ing, V-ed(劃分主，謂劃分主，謂)to have2. The Olympic Games, first _(hold) in 776B. C. , did not include women players until 1912. 表被動(dòng)，完成表被動(dòng)，完成 表目的表目的held3. When I got back home, I saw a message pinned to the door _ (read) “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”

12、reading 表主動(dòng)，狀態(tài)表主動(dòng)，狀態(tài)綜合練習(xí)綜合練習(xí):1. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ (pay ) by the hour. 注意固定搭配：注意固定搭配：get done2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ (question) at the meeting by my boss. 3. Alice returned from the managers office, _ (tell) me that the boss wanted to see me at once

13、. 4.Football is played in 80 countries, _ (make) it the most popular sport in the world. 4._ (find out ) more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.paidquestionedtellingmaking To find out2. 詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換；詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換；(多數(shù)派生成名詞，形容詞，副多數(shù)派生成名詞，形容詞，副詞詞)Adj:Noun: V:-y; -able; -al; -ful / less; -ive; -ness; -ity; -

14、ence; -ment; -ion; -ation-en; re-; un-; dis-; mis-; over- 構(gòu)成反義詞：構(gòu)成反義詞：un-； in-； dis-; im-(p); non-1. In the mid-19th century, when Greeley issued his call to go west, America was on the brink(邊緣邊緣) of developing its _ (west) regions. 2. Early experts in psychology paid no attention to the importance

15、 of daydreams or even considered them _ (harm). At one time _ (daydream) was thought to be a cause of some mental _ (ill). westernharmfulillnessesdaydreaming 3. Do you feel it difficult to be happy all the time? Now Ill give you some tips on how to make yourself happy. One way is being _ (self) beca

16、use unselfishness is the key factor required if you want to get along well with others. unselfish3. 連詞連詞（連接兩個(gè)分句）連接兩個(gè)分句）太多，要學(xué)會(huì)從太多，要學(xué)會(huì)從句子成分句子成分上分析或上分析或中文翻譯中文翻譯上判斷兩個(gè)分上判斷兩個(gè)分句的關(guān)系，從而選擇適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞句的關(guān)系，從而選擇適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞. 并列連詞并列連詞:（并列句）（并列句）and, bothand, not onlybut also, and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor, and th

17、en but, however, neithernor, and then but, however, while, yet for, so or, eitherorwhile, yet for, so or, eitheror名詞性從句名詞性從句(主從主從,賓從，賓從，表從，同位語表從，同位語從）從）that, whether; who , what , that, whether; who , what , which ,whoever ,whatever ; when , which ,whoever ,whatever ; when , where ,why ,howwhere ,wh

18、y ,how 定語從句定語從句who, whom , whose , which , that, who, whom , whose , which , that, when, where ,whywhen, where ,why狀語從句狀語從句 as ,after ,before ,once(as ,after ,before ,once(一旦一旦) ,since ,till, ) ,since ,till, until, when, whenever, while, now (that) until, when, whenever, while, now (that) （既然）（既然）,a

19、s soon as, though, although, ,as soon as, though, although, even if / though even if / though 等等 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空: Andy Probert was bored at school, _ he left _ he was sixteen and got a job in a travel agency. He did not stay there very long, _ he like the work. He decided to move _ the pay was very

20、 low _ the hours were to long. His next job was in an import-export company. He liked that much better, _ he travelled to America a lot and the work was very well paid. He worked there for three years, _ he really understood the business, then he started his own company. Now he is doing very well, _

21、 the work is sometimes very hard. He says he wants to make enough money and stop working _ he is 50.sowhenalthoughbecauseandbecauseuntilalthoughbefore4. 代詞代詞 （關(guān)鍵看清上下文的指代關(guān)系）（關(guān)鍵看清上下文的指代關(guān)系）人稱人稱代詞代詞附注附注主格主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey人稱代詞的主人稱代詞的主格作主語、表格作主語、表語，賓格作賓語，賓格作賓語。語。賓格賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主物主代詞代詞形容詞性

22、物形容詞性物主代詞只能主代詞只能用作定語，用作定語，必須與名詞必須與名詞連用。連用。形容形容詞性詞性myyourhisheritsourtheir名詞名詞性性mineyourshishersitsourstheirs反身反身代詞代詞通常在句中通常在句中作同位語，作同位語，賓語，表語賓語，表語myselfyourselfhimself, herself, itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示指示代詞代詞this, that, these, those, it, such, same, 不定不定代詞代詞Some, any, each, every, none,

23、 no one, many, much, few, little, a few, a little, both, all, neither, either, other, another, one, something1. I am proud of being a bookworm, and reading comes naturally to me, almost like breathing. I remember _ the books Ive read since I was five, and I love _ very much. Exercises:2. Thirty-two

24、people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right below their windows. She was _ neighbor. Yet _ of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. allallthemthemtheirtheirnonenone5. 介詞：介詞： （常見于固定搭配，或用在短語前）（常見于固定搭配，或用在短語前）1. The students who are accepted generally have _ least. 2. The man is said

25、be to very tall and well-built, with dark hair which is very long. The woman with him is said to be small _ short haircut very close _ her head. atatwithwithtoto6. 冠詞：冠詞： a/an/the/不填（零冠詞）不填（零冠詞）常形成：常形成：a/an/the +adj. + n.結(jié)構(gòu)，但不絕對結(jié)構(gòu)，但不絕對If you grow up in _ large family, you are more likely to develop

26、_ ability to get on well with _ others. a athe/anthe/an/ / 以上的語法填空的備考方法，只涉及了以上的語法填空的備考方法，只涉及了24個(gè)語法項(xiàng)目個(gè)語法項(xiàng)目中的一部分，考生要注意全面性，但也要注意針對性，中的一部分，考生要注意全面性，但也要注意針對性，希望掌握這希望掌握這6個(gè)?？嫉恼Z法項(xiàng)目（個(gè)?？嫉恼Z法項(xiàng)目（動(dòng)詞，派生詞，連詞，動(dòng)詞，派生詞，連詞，代詞，介詞，冠詞代詞，介詞，冠詞，）的思考方向。，）的思考方向。三、解題技巧分析句子成分。分析句子成分。選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~性和形式。選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~性和形式。 （名詞的數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、形容詞和副詞（名詞的數(shù)

27、、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、形容詞和副詞 的等級(jí)變化。）的等級(jí)變化。）牢記固定答配。牢記固定答配。注意詞類的轉(zhuǎn)化。注意詞類的轉(zhuǎn)化。注意前后的呼應(yīng)。注意前后的呼應(yīng)。 （主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致、人稱一致）（主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致、人稱一致）四、實(shí)踐與提高A. Charlie Chaplin developed his own manner of acting, the one that was to become world-famous. He wore a small black hat, verywide trousers, a moustache and carried a stick that he swun

28、g in the air _1_ he walked.During his first year, Chaplin acted in 35 films, many of _2_ he wrote and directed himself.Chaplins earliest films _3_ silent, _4_ the equipment for adding sound to films had not yet been developed.aswhichwerebecause The _5_ (develop) of films with sound became a problem for Chaplin, as he was uncertain about _6_ (make) films with dialogue. Instead, he continued to make films without dialogue, but he added music. Chaplins later films, _7_, were not well received. He made only six films _8_ 1940 and 1966 and only the first of these is still popular tod