短文改錯近三年改錯特點及分類錯誤解題指南

1、l短文改錯近三年改錯特點及分類錯誤解題指南年份年份體裁體裁話題話題字數(shù)字數(shù)2015 議論文議論文(argumentation)環(huán)境保護環(huán)境保護1052014 記敘文記敘文(narration) 我和姐姐種植我和姐姐種植圣女果圣女果1062013 記敘文記敘文(narration) 我的外祖父母我的外祖父母 109近三年新課標全國卷近三年新課標全國卷1短文改錯在體裁和短文改錯在體裁和話題方面的考查情況一覽表話題方面的考查情況一覽表錯誤類型錯誤類型 年份年份名名詞詞冠冠詞詞介介詞詞代代詞詞形容詞形容詞和副詞和副詞連連詞詞動動詞詞201511112132014111141120131111222近三

2、年新課標全國卷近三年新課標全國卷1短文改錯考點設置統(tǒng)計表短文改錯考點設置統(tǒng)計表高考鏈接：高考鏈接：1、The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. （2015年全國卷年全國卷1） air2、Mum taught me some basic step of baking (2015陜西卷陜西卷) steps3、Now I am living in a city, but I miss my hometown in countryside. （2015年新課標全國年新課標全國卷卷1） the名詞和冠詞名詞和冠詞不可數(shù)名詞不能加不可數(shù)名

3、詞不能加s考查可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)考查可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)固定搭配固定搭配名詞與冠詞考點歸納名詞與冠詞考點歸納 1. 注意可數(shù)名詞單、復數(shù)形式的用法錯誤。注意可數(shù)名詞單、復數(shù)形式的用法錯誤。 2.注意不可數(shù)名詞不能用復數(shù)形式。注意不可數(shù)名詞不能用復數(shù)形式。 3. 記住?？嫉膸讉€不可數(shù)名詞：記住常考的幾個不可數(shù)名詞： advice, fun, progress, information, furniture, equipment, luggage/baggage等。等。 4. 注意積累冠詞注意積累冠詞a, an , the的常見用法。的常見用法。名詞冠詞當堂練名詞冠詞當堂練例例1give me some a

4、dvices on how to write like a real writer.例例2Christie was one of my best friend at high school.例例3 Besides, a friend is always good listener when you need one. 例例4 Besides, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.advicefriendsaan 1.1.只修飾可數(shù)名詞：只修飾可數(shù)名詞： a large/great number of, a good/great man

5、y, dozens/scores of, quite a few2.只修飾不可數(shù)名詞：只修飾不可數(shù)名詞：a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little3.抽象名詞具體化：抽象名詞具體化： a success; a failure; a surprise, 4.物質(zhì)名詞表一場、一杯、一份物質(zhì)名詞表一場、一杯、一份 a heavy rain; a coffee5.零冠詞：零冠詞： 1）三餐、季節(jié)和學科）三餐、季節(jié)和學科 2）表職務、頭銜的表語、同位語或補足語）表職務、頭銜的表語、同位語或補足語 3） 球類運動和棋類游戲球類運動和棋類游戲 4）

6、by+交通工具交通工具 補充知識點補充知識點高考鏈接：高考鏈接：1、 When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city, I think I would be happy there. （2015年新課標全國年新課標全國卷）卷） thought2、I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.(2015陜西卷陜西卷)were3、If you are me, would you talk to them?(2015四四川卷川卷) to時態(tài)時態(tài)非謂

7、語非謂語虛擬語氣虛擬語氣動詞動詞動詞考點歸納動詞考點歸納. .謂語動詞主要考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)及語氣（虛謂語動詞主要考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)及語氣（虛擬語氣為主）、主謂一致、并列謂語時態(tài)一致。擬語氣為主）、主謂一致、并列謂語時態(tài)一致。. .非謂語動詞主要考查點：非謂語動詞主要考查點：1 1）某些動詞后只）某些動詞后只能接不定時作賓語；能接不定時作賓語；2 2）某些動詞或短語后只）某些動詞或短語后只能接動名詞作賓語；能接動名詞作賓語；3 3）某些動詞后既可接不）某些動詞后既可接不定式、也可接動名詞；定式、也可接動名詞；4 4）非謂語動詞作狀語、）非謂語動詞作狀語、定語等。定語等。謂語動詞當堂練謂語動詞當堂練例例

8、1 My sister saw a lovely cup when we are shopping the other day.例例2 It was very kind of Tom to meet me at the airport and drove me to his home. 例例3 He was ill and his parents suggested that he had a medical examination. 例例4 The whole supermarket was destroying and the bank beside it was also damaged

9、.例例5 There exist now a park that has a small river running through.weredrivehaveexistsdestroyed非謂語動詞當堂練非謂語動詞當堂練例例1 The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.例例2 The boy went over at once, opened his umbrella for the grandpa. 例例3 I was accustomed to be the only chil

10、d at a table full of adults.例例4 I begged him come back to Beijing with me, but he refused.例例5 The pupils will get confused if they are made learn too much.feelopeningbeing toto 補充知識點補充知識點 1. 有些動詞后只能接動名詞作賓語，常見的有：有些動詞后只能接動名詞作賓語，常見的有：advise, admit , avoid, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, appreciate, i

11、magine, mention, miss, prevent, quit, resist, risk, suggest等。等。 2.有些動詞后常接不定式作賓語，常見的有：有些動詞后常接不定式作賓語，常見的有：hope, ask, refuse, decide, promise, want, wish, pretend, expect, arrange, plan, demand, manage, agree, fail ,determine, choose, desire等等 補充知識點補充知識點3. 有些動詞后面既可以接不定式，也可以接動有些動詞后面既可以接不定式，也可以接動名詞，但意義不盡

12、相同。意義基本相同的有：名詞，但意義不盡相同。意義基本相同的有：intend, attempt, continue, begin, start等，意義等，意義不同的有：不同的有：remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, go on, try等。等。 4. 常見的常見的to為介詞的短語有：為介詞的短語有： look forward to, be addicted/accustomed to, get down to, lead to , contribute to, devoteto, object to, owing to, pay attention to,

13、 be/get/ become used to高考鏈接：高考鏈接：1、 Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. （2015年新課標全國卷年新課標全國卷1）serious2、Mon said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried”.(2015新課標全國卷新課標全國卷2)3、 My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so

14、 I decided to ask her for help.(2015陜西卷陜西卷)terriblybest形容詞修飾名詞形容詞修飾名詞副詞修飾形容詞副詞修飾形容詞形容詞最高級用法形容詞最高級用法形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞考點歸納形容詞和副詞考點歸納. .修飾名詞修飾名詞、bebe動詞，系動詞后要用形容詞動詞，系動詞后要用形容詞. .修飾動詞修飾動詞、形容詞以及整個句子用副詞、形容詞以及整個句子用副詞. .形容詞和副詞原級、比較級和最高級的使用形容詞和副詞原級、比較級和最高級的使用 4. 考查考查-ed形容詞和形容詞和-ing形容詞的區(qū)別形容詞的區(qū)別形容詞副詞當堂練形容詞副詞當堂練

15、例例1 When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.例例2 I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.例例3 People have been great helped by the computer.例例4 that would make him exciting and crazy.slowlylessexcitedgreatly 以以e結尾的形容詞變副詞時的變化規(guī)則結尾的形容詞變副詞時的變

16、化規(guī)則 1.一般情況下，直接加一般情況下，直接加ly（規(guī)則變化）（規(guī)則變化） politepolitelycompletecompletelywidewidelysafesafelynegativenegativelybravebravely 2.以輔音字母以輔音字母+le結尾的，把結尾的，把e改為改為y（不規(guī)則變化）（不規(guī)則變化）true除外除外truetrulygentlegentlycomfortablecomfortablypossiblepossiblysimplesimplyterribleterriblyunbelievableunbelievably口訣：真的溫柔和舒服可能簡單

17、可怕得難以置信口訣：真的溫柔和舒服可能簡單可怕得難以置信介詞考點歸納介詞考點歸納. .主要考查介詞的意義、用法及固定搭配主要考查介詞的意義、用法及固定搭配. .錯誤類型：多用、少用與誤用介詞。 高考鏈接：高考鏈接：1、Unfortunately, on the development ofindustrialization, the environment has been polluted. （2015年新課標全國卷年新課標全國卷1） with2、My soccer coach retired in last week.(2015陜西卷陜西卷)3、My old classroom was i

18、nteresting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.(2015浙江卷浙江卷)of介詞當堂練介詞當堂練例例1 In that particular evening, there was a strange excitement in the air.例例2 Last Sunday we took a bus to visit to a farm. 例例3 From then on, weve kept touch with each other through e-mails. 例例4 It was so ki

19、nd for you to let us bring Annes friend, Gina.Onin of. .主要考查主要考查人稱代詞和不定代詞的用法人稱代詞和不定代詞的用法. .有時也考查疑問代詞和反身代詞的用法有時也考查疑問代詞和反身代詞的用法代詞考點歸納代詞考點歸納高考鏈接：高考鏈接：1. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.(2015浙江浙江卷卷)2. I want to do anything special for him at his retirement part

20、y.(2015陜西卷陜西卷)3. How do you think I should do?(2015四川卷四川卷)itsomethingWhat代詞當堂練代詞當堂練例例1 I was happy when the toys worked, but when things went wrong, I got angry and broke it.例例2 We asked John and Jerry, and all of them offered a satisfactory explanation.例例3 Yesterday he bought two books, one of that

21、 is about American history.例例4 But after a while I asked me what else I was going to do other than repairing shoes.thembothwhichmyself主要考查邏輯關系，根據(jù)上下文判斷主要考查邏輯關系，根據(jù)上下文判斷是并列，轉折，還是因果關系等。是并列，轉折，還是因果關系等。連詞考點歸納連詞考點歸納2、In fact, I dont like to go anymore, so Im afraid Ill lose their friendship.(2015四川卷四川卷)3、I

22、f I was only a child when I studied in that classroom , I will never forget it.(2015浙江卷浙江卷)butAlthough高考鏈接：高考鏈接：1、There the air is clean or the mountains are green. (2015年新課標全國卷年新課標全國卷1） and連詞當堂練連詞當堂練例例1 All I had to do was to write a story or present it.例例2 Im sorry, and I didnt understand your que

23、stion. Could you please restate it?例例3 Frank was about to leave before he noticed a large packet on the floor.例例4 Id like to go with you, my hands are full, although.andwhenthoughbut Dear Jane, Hows everything going? Im glad to have met you and become friend with you. I miss you very well and thus I

24、m writing to tell you anything about my new life at college. My new school is so beautiful as a huge garden. There are green grass and colorful flowers everywhere. My teachers are all kind and I believe, with time go by, Ill make a great progress. My classmates are very friendsissomethingasmuchgoing2016高三聯(lián)考高三聯(lián)考friendly and I made many new friends here. I feel that my new life is very excited, but I also realize that it is full of challe