初中語法專題講解及練習(xí)---副詞(有答案)

1、學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容副詞和形容詞都是起修飾作用的詞類。副詞主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞和副詞，有時(shí)修飾全句，表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，程度，方式等概念。二、基本分類時(shí)間副詞：today 今天， yesterday 昨天， now 現(xiàn)在， soon 很快， already 已經(jīng)地點(diǎn)副詞： here 在這里，there 在那里，in 在家， out 在外， home 家副 詞 程度副詞：almost 幾乎， enough 足夠， very 很， much 很， nearly 幾乎方式副詞：slowly 慢慢地， fast 快快地 ， carefully 仔細(xì)地，badly 糟糕地， well 好頻度副詞： often 經(jīng)常

2、， always 總是， usually 通常， sometimes 有時(shí)， never 從不，seldom 很少疑問副詞： when 何時(shí)， where 何地， why 為什么，how，怎么樣關(guān)系副詞：when，where，why-用來引導(dǎo)定語從句其它副詞：also 也,either 也,only 僅僅，perhaps可能三、副詞用法詳解1 、構(gòu)成1 ) 本身即為副詞的詞：如now, very, there, how, too2 ) 由 形容詞 +ly 構(gòu)成的副詞：如：slow slowly， clear clearl， y happy happily ，easy easily3 ) 有些形

3、容詞和副詞同形：如hard， early， late， high， wide， well 等This kind of wood is hard. 這種木材硬。He studies hard.他努力學(xué)習(xí)。He looks well. 看起來他身體不錯(cuò)。He works well. 他工作得很好。4 ) 一些形容詞本身即可作副詞，表示具體的概念；而加ly 之后也為副詞，表示抽象如： The students often work deep into the night. 那些學(xué)生經(jīng)常學(xué)習(xí)到深夜。We were deeply moved by the movie. 我們被這部電影深深地打動了。22

4、/ 13 close與closely close 意思是“近”； closely 意思是“仔細(xì)地”。例如： He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我邊上。Watch him closely. 盯著他。 late 與 lately late 意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近”。例如： You have come too late. 你來得太晚了。What have you been doing lately? 近來好嗎？ deep與 deeply deep意思是 “深”， 表示空間深度；deeply時(shí)常表示感情上的深度， “深”例如： He pushed the

5、 stick deep into the mud. 他把棍子深深插進(jìn)泥里。Even father was deeply moved by the film. 老爸也被電影深深打動了。 high 與 highly high 表示空間高度；highly 表示程度，相當(dāng)于much。例如： The plane was flying high. 這架飛機(jī)飛得很高。I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。 wide與 widely wide 表示空間寬度；widely 意思是“廣泛地”， “在許多地方”。例如： He opened the door wide. 他

6、把門開得大大的。English is widely used in the world. 英語在世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛使用。 free 與 freely free 的意思是"免費(fèi) "； freely 的意思是“無限制地”。例如： You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.無論何時(shí)，我這飯鋪免費(fèi)對你開放。 hard 和 hardly hard 意思是“努力的；猛烈地”； hardly 是“幾乎不”。例如： It is raining hard. 雨下的很大。He works hard. 他學(xué)習(xí)很努力。He can hard

7、ly speak Chinese.他幾乎不會說漢語。2 、用法和位置1) 用法：副詞在句中主要修飾動詞、形容詞作狀語。如： She left the room quietly. 她悄悄地離開了房間。You are quite right. 你完全正確。【小試牛刀】1. We should speak to the old man(polite).答案： politely2. The Internet is very useful for us. We canfind information.A. easyB. easilyC. hardD. hardly答案： B2) 位置：靈活一般情況下，副

8、詞作狀語時(shí)，放在謂語動詞之后。如果謂語動詞后帶有賓語，則放在賓語后面。如： He is jumping happily. The boy is doing his homework carefully.地點(diǎn)副詞、時(shí)間副詞和方式副詞一般放在句尾。若同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，通常是方式副詞+地點(diǎn)副詞 +時(shí)間副詞。如： They live here.The boy runs quickly.I ll meet him at the station tomorrow.They did their experiments carefully in the lab yesterday.疑問副詞: 放在特殊疑問句的句首。如

9、： When can you come? How many days are there in a month?頻度副詞：在be 動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞之后，行為動詞之前。如： She is always kind to us.He often goes to school early.程度副詞：修飾形容詞副詞，放在所修飾詞前；修飾動詞，同頻度副詞。如： That's quite early. He can hardly understand you. I really like the boy. 修飾全句的副詞一般位于句首，用以修飾整個(gè)句子，表示說話人對話語的態(tài)度。1.形容詞修飾復(fù)合

10、不定代詞后置；2.enough 修飾形容詞副詞后置。如： Luckily, it was not so hot. enough 修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，要放在所修飾詞之后。如： The room is big enough to hold fifty people.疑問副詞詞組用法典型例句how long多久，多長時(shí)間 ，提問時(shí)間段。常用 for+一段時(shí)間 和 since+時(shí)間點(diǎn) 回答。-How long have you been here?-For two weekshow soon多快， 多久以后 ， 對一個(gè)短暫性動作提問，用于一般將來時(shí)，常用 in+一段時(shí)間 回答。-How soon wi

11、ll you be back?- in two weeks .how often多長時(shí)間一次 ，對頻度提問，常用 oncetwice, three times a week 回答。 , -How often do you go to see a movie?-Once a week.how far多遠(yuǎn) ， 對距離提問。-How far is it from your home to your school?-About two kilometers.how old多大歲數(shù) ， 對年齡提問。-How old are you?-Twelve years old.3 、高頻考點(diǎn)：7 個(gè) howhow

12、 much多少 ，對數(shù)量提問，后接不可數(shù)名詞；多少錢 ，對價(jià)錢提問。-How much is the coat?- Twenty dollars.how many多少 ，對數(shù)量提問，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。-How many dogs are there on your farm?-Twenty.【小試牛刀】1. will the new school be finished? In two years.A. How longB. How farC. How oftenD. How soon2. have you stayed in New York? For about two weeks.A.

13、How soonB. How oftenC. How longD. How far3. do you go for a trip with your family? About once a year.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How muchD. How long4. is the park from here? It s about 10 kilometers.A. How oftenB. How longC. How farD. How much5. yogurt do you need? Three cups.A. How longB. How farC. H

14、ow manyD. How much答案： DCACD4、重點(diǎn)副詞辨析：1）much too 和 too muchmuch too 意為“非常，太”， much 和 too 都是副詞，much 修飾 too , 用以加強(qiáng)語氣，too ；用來修飾形容詞副詞原級。too much 意為“太多”，中心詞是much ,too 修飾much ,以加強(qiáng)語氣，too much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，與too many 相對， too many 修飾可數(shù)名詞。如： The skirt is much too dear.Please don t eat too much ice creaitm , s bad for

15、 your health.There are too many people in the supermarket.2) too , as well , also 和 eithertoo/as well 用于肯定句；多用于口語；一般放句末；either 用于否定句；一般放句末；also 用于肯定句；位于句中（行前系后）；多用于書面語。如： He went there too.He didn t go there either.I like you as well.I also went there.3) already , yet 和 stillalready 表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生，主要用于肯定句

16、中；yet 表示期待某事發(fā)生，主要用于否定句和疑問句中；still 表示某事還在進(jìn)行，主要用于肯定句和疑問句中，有時(shí)也用于否定句中。例句：We ve already watched that film.I haven t finished my homework yet .He still works until late every night.4) ago 和 beforeago 表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的以前，常用在一般過去時(shí)的句子中。before 是指以過去或?qū)淼哪骋粫r(shí)刻為基準(zhǔn)的以前，也可泛指以前，常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的句子中。如： The meeting began f

17、ive minutes ago.I have never been to Suzhou before.【小試牛刀】1 .The sweater is very beautiful,but it sdear.A.too muchB.much tooC.too manyD.more2 .Look! There isice in the lake.A.too muchB.much tooC.too manyD.a lot3 .He is saying, I don t want any bread, .A. too, also B. also, too C. either, too D. also,

18、 either答案： BAD四、形容詞副詞的等級1 、比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成1 )規(guī)則變化類別構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞 和少數(shù)雙一般直接在詞尾加-er，-estlonglongerlongest音節(jié)詞以 e 結(jié)尾時(shí)加-r，-stlatelaterlatest以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾時(shí)，把y 變 i ，再加-er，-esteasy happyeasier happiereasiest happiest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫詞尾的輔音字母，再加-er， -estbig hot thin fatbigger hotter thinner fatterbiggest hott

19、est thinnest fattest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在原級前加more， mostcarefulmore carefulmost carefulbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful不規(guī)則變化口訣：2 、原級用法一分為二有兩個(gè)， 合二為一有三對， 還有一詞雙含義，一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)來一個(gè)老， 兩壞兩多和兩好， 只譯少來不譯小。 further 用來修飾抽象名詞，表示 進(jìn)一步的 。 如：He will need further help. elder/eldest 只適用于人，表示兄弟姐妹間的長幼（排行） 。 elder 不與 than 連用。如：He is m

20、y elder/younger brother.（哥哥 /弟弟 ）1 ） 有表示絕對概念的副詞very, too, so, enough, quite 等修飾時(shí)，用其原級。如：The boy is too young.He plays the piano very well.表示 A 與 B 在某一方面程度相同或不同時(shí)用形容詞或副詞的原級。2）不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastbad/badly/illworseworstoldolder（年紀(jì)較大的） elder（較年長的）oldest（年紀(jì)最大的）

21、 eldest（最年長的）farfarther（較遠(yuǎn)） further（進(jìn)一步）farthest（最遠(yuǎn)） furthest（最大限度）肯定句中的結(jié)構(gòu)： A + as 形容詞+/副詞原級+ as + B 。 如： English is as interesting as Chinese. He runs as fast as Jim.否定句中的結(jié)構(gòu)： A + not as/so +形容詞/副詞原級+ as + B 。 如： Lesson One isn t as (so) difficult as Lesson Two.否定句的結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于less +形容詞/副詞原級+ than。如： Lesso

22、n One is less difficult than Lesson Two.3) 表示 A 是 B 的 . 倍時(shí)，A .+倍數(shù) +as +形容詞原級+as+ BOur school is three times/twice as big as theirs.The red pencil is half as long as the blue pencil.3 、比較級用法1) ) 表示兩者進(jìn)行比較時(shí)用形容詞或副詞的比較級，其結(jié)構(gòu)為 A + 比較級 +than +B 。 如： I am taller than you.He did better than me.注意：在比較時(shí)，要注意比較的對

23、象要一致。My pencil is longer than yours. (不用you)2) 有表示程度的副詞a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, far 等修飾時(shí)，用形容詞/副詞的比較級。如： It s much warmer today.This bottle is a little bigger than that one.3) 在兩者之間進(jìn)行選擇，哪一個(gè)更 ,用句型 Which/Who is +形容詞/副詞比較級，A or B? 。如： Who is taller, Mike or Ted?Which one is the longer, the pe

24、n or the pencil?4) 表示 兩者之間 最 的一個(gè) (of the two)時(shí)，常用the +比較級結(jié)構(gòu)。如： Bob is the taller of the two boys.Being is the bigger of the two.5) 表示 越來越 時(shí)，用比較級重疊結(jié)構(gòu)，即比較級 + and + 比較級 ，句中有多音節(jié)詞或部分雙音節(jié)詞時(shí)用 more and more + 原級結(jié)構(gòu)。如： The weather is getting warmer and warmer.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.6)

25、表示 越 就越 時(shí)，用the +比較級，the +比較級 結(jié)構(gòu)。如： The more you eat, the fatter you will be.The more you eat, the fatter you will be.4、最高級用法1) ) 表示三者或三者以上的人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用其最高級形式。形容詞最高級前必須加定冠詞the，副詞的最高級前可不加。句末常接一個(gè)in/of 短語來表示范圍。如：What s the best sport in summer? Li Dong sings best of the four boys.注意：形容詞最高級前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有

26、格等修飾時(shí)，不能再用定冠詞the。如： Li Ming is my best friend. This is our best lesson today.2) 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中進(jìn)行選擇時(shí)，用 Which/Who is the +最高級，A,B or C? 。如： Which is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou?3) 表示 最 的之一 時(shí)，用 one of the 形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) 結(jié)構(gòu)。如： Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.4) 形容詞

27、最高級前可加序數(shù)詞，表示第幾最 。如： The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.5) 形容詞比較級結(jié)構(gòu)可表示最高級含義。如： Li Lei is the tallest student in his class. 李磊是他班里最高的學(xué)生。=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.=Li Lei is taller than anyone else in

28、his class.=Li Lei is taller than the rest of students in his class.【小試牛刀】1. Who did English homework better, Leo or Nick? Leo is more careful. I think Leo didNick.A. as good as B. as well as C. better than D. worse than2. Many Chinese students think science subjects areforeign languages.A. more diff

29、icult as B. less difficult than C. much difficult than D. so difficult as3. What is your favorite sport? Swimming, I think. It s of all.A. easier B. more difficult C. the most interesting D. the most boring 答案： CBC5 、必備句型1 ）原級句型Chinese is as important as English.They work as hard as you do.It is not

30、 so/as hot as yesterday.2）比較級句型3）最高級句型The sun is much bigger than the earth.Who is taller, Lily or Lucy ?The weather gets hotter and hotter .Beijing is more and more beautiful.Summer is the hottest season in the whole year.The warmer the weather gets, the better I feel. Mary sings (the) best of our

31、classmates.Who runs (the) fastest, Nancy, Lucy or Lily?Beijing is one of the biggest cities o fChina.1. I work hard this term, but Peter works much A. hardB. harderC. hardestD. the hardest2. We have a lovely room. It s one of in the hotel.D. the nicestA. niceB. nicerC. nicest3. Which color do you li

32、ke , blue or green? Blue.A. goodB. better C. bestD. the best4. Lee came to Beijing in 2005. He has been here than you.A. longB. longer C. longestD. the longest答案： B D B B4）倍數(shù)表達(dá)法： A+倍數(shù)+ 形容詞或副詞的比較級+than +B A+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞或副詞的原級+as+B A+倍數(shù)+the size/height/length/widthof +B +如：This hall is five times bigger

33、than our classroom. 這個(gè)大廳比我們的教室大四倍。The car runs twice faster than that truck. 這輛小車的速度比那輛卡車快一倍。This big stone is three times as heavy as that one. 這塊大石頭的重量是那塊的三倍。The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. 那架飛機(jī)的飛行高度是那只風(fēng)箏的十倍。This street is four times the length of that one. 這條街是那條街的四倍長。This hill is f

34、our times the height of that small one. 這座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。With the help of the German experts ， the factory produced cars in 1993 as the year before.D. twice many asA. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many答案： C綜合題庫1. Li Huas shoes are asas Zhang Huis.A. cheapB. cheaperC. the cheaperD. the che

35、apest2. Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to befor me.A. difficultB. too difficultC. more difficultD. the most difficult3 . Do you like the movie tonight? Yes, I do. In fact, Ive never seen aone.A. goodB. betterC. worseD. bad4 . Bill, who's the little boy in the picture? It's me. I am muc

36、h, aren't I?A strongB strongerC strongestD. the strongest5. What do you think of Tom s speaking-?- -No one does in our class.A. goodB. betterC. wellD. best6. China is one ofcountries in the world.A. largerB. largestC. the largestD. the larger7. Look , how beautiful the car is! Yes, but it s too

37、for me.A. expensive B. highC. cheapD. low8. -Let s buy some cards for our teacher on Teachers Day.- Why not make some by hand? It s much.A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting D. most interesting9. -Lin Tao, why are you so ?-Because Wang Meng got three gold metals at the Winter O

38、lympics.A. excitedB. angryC. disappointedD. sad10. -Dad, it s such a long way from our home to the park?- You mean it sa ktoe ta taxi?A. popularB. necessaryC. possibleD. important11. I hear more parks will be built in Tianyuan. I msu re Tianyuan willbecomethanbefore.A. modernB more beautifulC. the m

39、ost energetic.D. more important12. The air in mountain area isthat in big cities.A. as fresh asB. fresher thanC. as dirty asD. dirtier than13. It isto work out this problem . You neednt go to ask the teacher.A. enough easyB. easily enoughC. easy enoughD. very easily14. Mrs. King kept weighing hersel

40、f to see how muchshe was getting.A. heavyB. heavierC. the heavierD. the heaviest15. What delicious cakes!-They would tastewith butter.A. goodB betterC. badD. worse16. If there arepeople driving ,there will beair pollution.Yes, the air will be fresher.A. less, lessB. less, fewerC. fewer, fewerD. fewe

41、r , less17. The film isone that I have ever seen.A. more excitingB. more excitedC. the most excitingD. the most excited18. - “ Have youspoken to a foreigner? ”- Not yet, I havent got a chance.A. neverB. alsoC. everD. too19. I canbe a nurse. Im not a very patient person.A. seldomB. everC. neverD. alw

42、ays20. - I wonder_ you ll water this kind of tree. - Once a week.A. how oftenB. how longC. how soonD. how much21. -do you have PE lessons? Three times a week.A. How longB. How soonC. How manyD. How often22. The Internet is very useful for us. We canfind information.A. easyB. easilyC. hardD. hardly23

43、. Where would you like to go on your summer holiday, Mike ?- I d like to goA. nowhere interestingB. interesting anywhereC. some interestingD. interesting somewhere24. Although she usually dances ,we are still worried that she is not feeling today.A. good, wellB. well, goodC. good, goodD. well, well2

44、5. Beijing has many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours.A. soB. veryC. tooD. much26. - Excuse me, Could you please not talk in the museum?-Oh, sorry.A. loudlyB. carefullyC. clearly27. My parents will go there by taxi because it is raining .A. badlyB. hardlyC. probablyD. heavily28. -Mrs. Lin is very popular among the students.- Yes, Her classes are lively and interesting.A. alwaysB.