航海英語(yǔ)題庫(kù)閱讀題-

1、第二部分閱讀題Passage 01Merchant ships are designed to carry cargo. Some are also designed to carry passengers. They can operate as liners. These are employed on regular routes on a fixed timetable. A list of their arrival and departure dates is published in advance and they sail whether full or not. Liner

2、s can be classed as either deep-sea liners or short-sea liners. The former carry mainly containerized cargo across the oceans of the world; the later carry containerized or conventional cargo on shorter routes. Ferries are also classed as liners. These offer a daily or weekly service for passengers

3、and vehicles across channels and narrow seas. A few ships are still employed as passenger liners. They not only carry passengers but also some cargo on routes from Europe to North America and to the Far East. Nowadays the passenger trade is very small and passenger liners usually operate as cruise s

4、hips for part of the year.001.The deep-sea liners _A_.A. carry mainly containerized cargoB. carry mainly conventional cargoC. offer a daily or weekly service for passengers and vehiclesD. sail across channels and narrow seas.002.The Liners _B_.A. always sail fullB. sail regularly even not fullC. alw

5、ays sail in ballastD. will not sail if not full003.A list of the arrival and departure dates of liners _D_.A. will be published weeklyB. will be published when they sail,whether full or not,from Europe to North America and to the Far EastC. will not be published even they sail fully loadedD. is publ

6、ished prior to their departure004.It is implied in the passage that _A_.A. the number of passenger ships is smallB. all passenger ships will carry some cargo in near futureC. it is not necessary for liners to sail in regular timeD. container carriers should carry some passengersPassage 02Nowadays,mo

7、st merchant ships are built to carry cargoes. And they mainly operate as tramps. These vessels do not sail on regular routes or keep to a fixed timetable,but are employed where there is cargo for them to carry. Tramps can be classed as deep-sea tramps or short-sea tramps. A number are classed as coa

8、sters. These ply on coastal routes and up rivers to inland ports. The traditional tramp cargoes are dry bulk cargoes,but some are designed to carry general cargoes.A large number of merchant ships operate as specialized vessels. These are designed to carry a particular type of cargo. There are sever

9、al types of specialized vessel. The most common are oil tankers. They are owned by the major oil companies or by independent operators. Two other types of liquid bulk carrier of growing importance are chemical carriers and liquefied natural gas (LNG carriers.005.The deep-sea tramps _A_.A. carry bulk

10、 and general cargo across the high seasB. are built to carry passengersC. are mainly coastersD. are specialized vessel006.The coasters _D_.A. always sail across the high seasB. commonly carry oil cargoC. are mainly tankersD. sail on coastal routes and up rivers to inland ports007.The importance of L

11、NG carriers _A_.A. is growingB. is not mentioned in passageC. is decreasingD. will be discussed further if necessary008.It is implied in the passage that _A_.A. the number of specialized vessels is not smallB. all oil tankers will carry some chemicals in near futureC. the tramps and specialized vess

12、els are the basic type of merchant ships.D. container carriers should not be classed as trampsPassage 03Cargo ships can be divided into two basic types. One type carries dry cargo,the other carries liquid cargo; however,an OBO ship is designed to carry both. A traditional dry cargo ship is the multi

13、-deck vessel. Her holds are divided horizontally by one or two 'tween decks,because these make stowage of individual packages easier. Dry bulk cargo is carried in bulk carriers. These do not have 'tween decks as cargo is carried loose. The most modern type of dry cargo carrier is the contain

14、er ship. They carry containers of standard dimensions,consequently stowage is easier. Fruit,meat and dairy produce are carried in refrigerated ships. Oil tankers are the most common type of liquid cargo carrier. They are often very large,because huge quantities of oil need to be transported and one

15、large vessel is more economical to operate than two smaller ones. Two other types of liquid bulk carrier of growing importance are the liquefied natural gas (LNG carrier and the chemical carrier,although chemical can also be carried in drums in general cargo ships. 009.There are _B_ types of liquid

16、bulk carrier.A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5010.A multi-deck vessel has _D_ tween decks.A. has manyB. noC. only oneD. has up to two011.Fruit,meat and dairy produce are carried in_D_.A. containers carriersB. traditional shipsC. OBO shipsD. refrigerated ships012.The types of dry cargo carriers mentioned in the passa

17、ge are _D_. A. tween deckers,OBO ships B. traditional dry cargo ship and multi-deck vesselC. OBO ships,oil tankers,chemical tankers and LNG carriersD. dry cargo ship,dry bulk cargo carrier,container carriers and refrigerated ships Passage 04The axial thrust of the propeller is the force working in a

18、 fore and aft direction. This force causes the ship to move ahead through the water or to go astern. Because of her shape,a ship will move ahead through the water more easily than going astern.The transverse thrust is the sideways force of the propeller as it rotates. The transverse effect of the pr

19、opeller blades at the top near the surface of the water is not strong enough to counteract the opposite effect of the lower blades. For right-handed propellers this cants the ship's stern to starboard and her bow to port,when the ship is going ahead. The effect is small and can be corrected by t

20、he rudder. When the engines are put astern,the effect is the opposite and the sterncants to port. This effect is stronger and cannot easily be corrected. Vessels with left-handed propellers behave in the opposite way.013.The force that causes the ship to move ahead through the water or to go astern

21、is known as_.A. axial thrustB. transverse thrustC. the transverse effect of the propeller blades at the top near the surface of the waterD. the transverse effect of the lower blades of the propeller near the bottom of the water 014.A left-handed propellers,when the ship is going ahead,will cant ship

22、's stern to_.A. starboardB. portC. to move aheadD. move astern015.The transverse thrust of the propeller is stronger when the ship is_.A. going a sternB. going aheadC. stoppedD. making no way through the water 016.The transverse thrust of the propeller can mainly be overcome by _.A. the rudderB.

23、 the propeller itselfC. the nautical instrumentD. wind and tidePassage 05The Chief Officer,or First Mate as he is often called,is the Master's chief officer and head of the Deck Department. He is assisted by a Second Officer (Mate,a Third Officer(Mate,and sometimes a Fourth Officer(Mate. Several

24、 companies employ a First Officer as well as a Chief Officer. The Deck Department also includes a Boatswain (Bosun and a Carpenter,both petty officers,and a number of ratings. These made up of Able Seamen (AB,Ordinary Seamen (OS and a middle grade known as Efficient Deck Hands (EDH. There are other

25、grades of seamen. On some ships Navigating Cadets are carried for training purposes.The Chief Engineer is head of the Engine Department. He is assisted by a Second,Third,Fourth and sometimes Fifth Engineer. An Electrical Officer may also be carried. The engine room petty officers are the Storekeeper

26、 and Donkeyman. On tankers there is also a Pumpman. He is also a petty officer. The engine room ratings are Firemen and Greasers. There may also be Engineer Cadets.The Catering Department is under the Chief Steward. It is divided into a saloon and galley section. The former is headed by the Second S

27、teward,the latter by the Ship's Cook. They are both usually petty officers. They are assisted by several stewards and cooks,and by a number of junior ratings. The Radio Department often consists of only one man: the Radio Officer. On ships where continuous radio watches are kept there may be thr

28、ee radio officers: a Chief,Second and Third. 017._ is not a petty officer.A. BoatswainB. Second StewardC. Radio Officer.D. Storekeeper018.EDH is rank which is higher than_.A. Second StewardB. ABC. OSD. Chief Engineer019.Storekeeper belong to _.A. Deck DeptB. Engine DeptC. Catering DeptD. Radio Dept0

29、20.There are _ departments on bard a big ship according to the passage.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. fivePassage 06While every effort is made to ensure that the data provided through the Notices to Mariners service is accurate,the user needs to be aware of the risks to corruption of data. It is important

30、that the user should only use the data on suitable equipment and that,other applications should not be running on the user's machine at the same time. Users should exercise their professional judgement in the use of data,and also consult the Mariners Handbook (NP100 for further details. The user

31、 needs to be aware that there is a possibility that data could be corrupted during transmission,or in the process of display or printing on the user's equipment,or if converted to other software formats,and is accordingly advised that the UKHO cannot accept responsibility for any such change,or

32、any modifications or unauthorised changes,made by licensees,or other parties.021.The data may become corrupted in any of the following process except _.A. during transmissionB. in the display or printing on the user's equipmentC. in converting to other software formatsD. in air mail delivery to

33、the readers022.The use of the data is advised to consult _ for further details.A. Mariners HandbookB. Sailing DirectionsC. Guide to Port EntryD. Notices to Mariners023.Of the following items _ is not mentioned for which UKHO will accept no responsibility.A. change in the process of display or printi

34、ngB. unauthorised changes made by licensees or other partiesC. modifications made by licensees or other partiesD. professional amendments024.It is implied that _.A. the data are incorrectB. the data are to be corrected intensivelyC. although the data are accurate enough,you are still advised to use

35、it with cautionD. not to use it if you have not enough time or proper equipment to effect necessary correction Passage 07The container ship is different from the conventional type and is an innovation noted for easier handling and quicker turnover of cargoes. Cargoes to be carried by this type of sh

36、ip are pre-packed into containers before being loaded aboard the ship.Containers are sealed after being packed with cargoes. Made of metal or other durable materials, they are watertight after sealing and can therefore be stowed on deck whilst being carried. One of the features of container ships is

37、 that some of the containers are usually stowed on deck.The container ship is becoming increasingly popular in trading circles,and the trend is that the tonnage thereof will grow at a faster pace in future.025.What does "innovation" in the first paragraph mean? _.A. making changesB. the in

38、troduction of an antigenic substance into the body against a specific diseaseC. The act of introducing something new.D. revolution026.Containers are sealed after being packed with cargoes.A. filledB. loadedC. stuffedD. closed officially or under the supervision of notary public027.Of the following,_

39、 is not the feature of the container ship?A. Some of the containers are usually stowed on deck.B. It is easy for handling and quick turnover of the cargoC. The container ship is becoming increasingly saferD. Cargoes are pre-packed into the container028.The tonnage of container ship is _.A. decreasin

40、gB. increasingC. remaining the sameD. changingPassage 08Nautical charts are indispensable to mariners. They,however,are subject to frequent changes, such as those of navigational aids,of waterways due to the dredging and construction,of depths of water,and of removal or appearance of wrecks. In orde

41、r to keep up-to-date and reliable,nautical charts have to undergo correction. Changes of importance are generally promulgated by weekly edition of Notices to Mariners,which enable mariners to correct the charts by hand. If major changes make it impracticable to do so,the Notices will provide a repro

42、duction of a small area, which is also called block,to be pasted onto the chart in its correct position.029.Nautical charts need correction because _.A. navigational aids are sometimes indispensable.B. there are always some mistakesC. wrecks may appear or be removedD. they could never be reprinted03

43、0.Correction to charts are made by crew members in accordance with _.A. Notices to MarinersB. Sailing DirectionsC. Guide to Port EntryD. Supplement031.In the passage,Blocks are _.A. large scale chartsB. representations of chartsC. reproductions of portions of chartsD. small scale charts032.The purpo

44、se of correction to charts is to _.A. keep them up-to-dateB. make the charts brand-newC. keep the charts available to all mariners in the worldD. keep the charts free from mistakesPassage 09Corrections to Sailing Directions are given in Section . Those in force at the end of the year are reprinted i

45、n the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners. A list of corrections in force is published in Section of the Weekly Edition for the last week of each month.It is recommended that corrections be kept in a file with the latest list of corrections in force on top. The list should be consulted when using

46、the parent book to see if any corrections affecting the area under consideration are in force.It is not recommended that corrections be stuck in the parent book or current supplement,but,if this is done,when a new supplement is received care must be taken to retain those corrections issued after the

47、 date of the new supplement,which may be several months before its receipt on board.033._ are reprinted in the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners.A. The Sailing DirectionsB. The corrections to Sailing DirectionsC. The effective corrections to Notices to MarinersD. The Weekly Edition034.The parent

48、 book is _.A. The Sailing DirectionB. The corrections to Sailing Directions in forceC. the Annual Summary of Notices to MarinersD. the Weekly Edition035.It is recommended that corrections to the Sailing Directions be _.A. made by handB. consulted at the last week of each monthC. stuck in the parent

49、book or current supplementD. kept in a file with the latest list of corrections in force on top036.If the corrections be stuck in the parent book or current supplement,_.A. when a new supplement is received,those corrections issued after the date of the new supplement must be retainedB. the parent b

50、ook must be consultedC. the current supplement must be consultedD. the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners must be usedPassage 10The amount of detail shown on a chart varies with the scale of the chart. On a large scale chart,for example,full details of all lights and fog signals are shown,but on

51、smaller scales the order of reduction of information in elevation,period,range,until on an ocean chart of the area only lights with a range of 15 miles or more will normally be inserted,and then only their light-star and magenta flare. On the other hand,radio beacons are omitted from large scale cha

52、rts where their use would be inappropriate,and,unless they are long range beacons,from ocean charts. 037.Ocean charts are _ ones.A. large scaleB. small scaleC. inappropriateD. omitted038.What cannot be found in the large scale charts? _.A. Radio beacons of small rangeB. Full details of all lights.C.

53、 ElevationsD. Full details of fog signals039.The light-star and magenta flare are shown on _.A. large scale charts onlyB. small scale charts onlyC. both small and large scale chartsD. neither small nor large scale charts040.The title of this passage should be _.A. Lights and Beacons on ChartsB. Char

54、acteristic of Lights and BeaconsC. Corrections to Small and Large Scale chartsD. Navigational Charts PublicationPassage 11DALIAN OBSY GALE WARNING 190600ZCOLD FRONT WILL PASS BOHAI SEA BOHAI STRAITS NORTH AND CENTRAL HUANGHAI SEA CAUSING GALE WINDS TOMORROW AFTERNOON AND EVENING STOP.SYNOPTIC SITUA

55、TION 190600ZLOW 994 HPA AT 48N 118E MOVING SE 8 KTS WITH COLD FRONT FROM CENTER PASSISNG 44N 128E HIGH 1013HPA AT 38N 124E STATIONARY STOP24HOURS WEATHER FORECAST FROM 191000ZBOHAI SEA BOHAI STRAITS NORTH AND CENTRAL HUANGHAI SEA PARL Y CLOUDY BECOMING OVERCAST TOMORROW WITH RAIN SW WINDS FORCE 7 TO

56、 8 TOMORROW ATERNOON AND EVENING SEA ROUGH BECOMING VERY ROUGH STOP. 041.The COLD FRONT will pass Bohai Sea,Bohai Straits,North and central Huanghai Sea onA. The 20thB. The 19thC. The 18thD. The 6th042._ is stationary at 38N 124E.A. Low 994 HpaB. High 1013 HpaC. Cold frontD. Warm front043.The winds

57、are expected tomorrow to be_?A. roughB. very roughC. SE 8 knotsD. SW 7-8 in force044.What is the weather like tomorrow in this area? _.A. It will be partly cloudy becoming overcast with rain and SW force 7-8 windsB. LOW 994 HPA at 48N 118E is moving SE 8 KTS with COLD FRONT from center passing 44N 128EC. HIGH 1013HPA at 38N 124E will be stationaryD. It will rain the whole dayPassage 12In some parts of a chart where the spaces are rather blank and there are no symbols of any kind