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1、非謂語動詞高考真題解析一、單項選擇非謂語動詞1. We cant go out in this weather, said Bob,out of the window.A. lookingB. to lookC. lookedD. having looked【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。句意:Bob看著窗外說:這樣的天氣我們不能出去”。本句中l(wèi)ook與said是同時進行,we與look之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。故選A。2. I stopped the car a short break as I was feeling tired.A. take B.

2、taking C. to take D. taken【答案】C【解析】句意:我停下車來休息一會兒,因為我感覺累了。此處動詞不定式表目的,故選Co【考點定位】考查非謂語動詞3. He is thought foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted 【答案】B 【解析】試題分析:句型 宥人認為.已.可用It is thought/ believed/ .that sb have/has done結(jié)

3、構(gòu)。從句中的動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前。該結(jié)構(gòu)可轉(zhuǎn)化為sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。如:It is reported that Cheng Yifei died several days ago.The news reports that Cheng Yifei died several days ago.Cheng Yifei is reported to have died several days ago.因此B選項正確。句意為有人認為他已做了一件傻事。現(xiàn)在應(yīng)怪他自己丟掉這份工作。”考點:考查動詞非謂語形式。4. After receiving the Os

4、car for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on _all the people who had helped in her career.A. to thankB. thankingC. having thankedD. to have thanked【答案】A【解析】試題分析:句意:在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角后,Anne Benedict繼續(xù)感謝所有幫助她演繹生涯的人。go on to do繼續(xù)做不同的事情,所以選A??键c:考查不定式【名師點睛】不定式有一些具體的用法,可以做賓語,定語,狀語。還有不定式的不同形式:to do ; to

5、 be doing ; to have done。這題要注意 go on to do繼續(xù)做不同的事情”和go on doing繼續(xù)做相同的事情”的區(qū)別。結(jié)合語境是關(guān)鍵。5. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.A. lockingB. to lockC. having locked D. to have locked【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。 ACD三個選項都表示動作已經(jīng)完成。只有B選項表示尚未做。句意:我記得離開辦公室前要鎖門的,但是卻忘記了要關(guān)燈。reme

6、mber doing=remember havingdong=remember to have done.6. Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years.A. having B. had C. have D. to have【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:蝙蝠是一種壽命很長的動物,有的壽命約為20年。根據(jù)與前面句子是逗號連接,沒有連詞,故判斷后一句使用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),空格處用非謂語動 詞,邏輯主語some與have是主謂關(guān)系,故要用 v-ing形式,故選 A。7. The

7、 sign on the wall of the library says,“ No magaouteofstheawading roomA. being takenB. to takeC. to be takenD. taking【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:圖書館墻上的牌子上寫著:雜志不允許帶出閱覽室。 be allowedto do被允許做”。根據(jù)句意可知,此處應(yīng)使用被動式。故 C選項正確。8. Many Chinese brands,their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the

8、 modern market.A. having developedB. being developedC. developedD. developing【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:許多中國品牌,享譽數(shù)百年,現(xiàn)在正面臨著來自現(xiàn)代市場的新挑戰(zhàn)。 brands 是邏輯主語,和 develop 是主謂關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞,表示伴隨狀況;再根據(jù)over centuries可知,應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,故選A。9 to think critically is an important skill today shcehifludtruerne.will need for tA Le

9、arnB LearnedC LearningD Having learned【答案】 C【解析】【詳解】考查動名詞。句意:學(xué)會批判性思維是當代小孩未來所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主語成分,而過去分詞、動詞都不可以作主語,此處用動名詞作主語,故選C。10. (北京)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.A OrderingB To orderC Having orderedD Ordered【答案】 D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:(因為)那些書是一周多之前訂的,現(xiàn)在隨時有可能送到。books 和ord

10、er 是動賓關(guān)系,即 order the books/the books are ordered ,故用過去分詞表示被動和完成,在此相當于原因狀語從句 because they were ordered. ,故選 D?!军c睛】分詞作狀語1. 分詞作時間狀語相當于when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句; on doing sth. =as soon as sb. doessth.。2. 分詞作原因狀語相當于as, since, because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。3. 分詞作方式或伴隨狀語不能用狀語從句替換,但是可以改寫成并列句。4. 分詞作條件狀語相當于if, unless 等引導(dǎo)的從句。常見的可表示條

11、件的分詞有g(shù)iven,supposing, considering, provided, compared with 等。5. 分詞作結(jié)果狀語相當于so that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。分詞前常有副詞 thus , thereby ,only 等。6. 分詞作讓步狀語相當于though 或者 even if 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。11. their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A To throwB ThrownC Being thrown D Throwing【答案

12、】 D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。句意:獲勝球隊的粉絲把帽子扔到天空,他們發(fā)出勝利的歡呼。分 析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,逗號前的部分充當狀語,故用非謂語動詞,the fans和throw是主動關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式,故選D。12. He got up late and hurried to his office,the breakfast untouched.A. leftB. to leaveC. leavingD. having left【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:他起晚了,沒有吃早飯就匆忙趕往辦公室。he與leave是主謂關(guān)系,即他讓處于某種狀態(tài),應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞

13、表伴隨狀況,排除 A、B; “hurried和“l(fā)eaving兩個動作是同時發(fā)生的,當兩個動作有時間先后關(guān)系時,需要使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,排除 D; leave the breakfast untouched沒有動早餐,故選 C。13. John always gets up early in the morning energetic and ready to start a new day.A. feel B. to feelC. feeling D. felt【答案】C【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:John總是一大早起床,感覺精力充沛并準備開始新的一天?,F(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀態(tài)。故選 Co14.

14、 Hours of playing violent video games can affect the way the brain works,damage to certain cells of brain.A. to causeB. causeC. causingD. caused【答案】C【解析】試題分析:考查非謂語動詞。causing現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。句意:連續(xù)幾個小時打暴力的電子游戲會影響大腦的工作方式,危害大腦細胞并減慢大腦的活動。故 C正確。 考點:考查非謂語動詞15. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of hi

15、m.A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lose【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:由于陷入沉思中,他差點撞上了前面那輛車。分析句子可知,本 句為過去分詞作原因狀語,其邏輯主語與句子的主語一致都是 he,邏輯主語省去了 。故選Co16. The purpose of the new plan is to make life easier,it more difficult.A. not makeB. not to makeC. not makingD. do not make【答案】B【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)平衡性。句

16、意:新計劃的目的是使生活更容易,而不是使生活更困 難。not to make it more difficult 是與to make it easier形成對比的否定結(jié)構(gòu),兩者在句中作 表語。故選B。17. New policies,to insure that compulsory education is truly free,by the local government across China since the start of school on September 1.A. intending; have been made knownB. intended; have bee

17、n made knownC. intending; are made knownD. intended; had made known【答案】B 【解析】 【詳解】考查非謂語動詞和時態(tài)及語態(tài)。句意:自從 9月1號開學(xué)以來,為了確保義務(wù)教育是真的 免費的政策已經(jīng)被全國各地的政府知曉。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu),第一空處是做policies的定語,且與其是被動關(guān)系,此處是過去分詞短語做后置定語;根據(jù)上文可知,新的政策已經(jīng)被知 道,要用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語是policies,與謂語make known之間是被動關(guān)系,要用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài),故選Bo【點睛】動詞作為常考詞性,要求考生掌握其精確的用法,在考查其謂語形式

18、是??紕釉~的時態(tài)和語態(tài),語態(tài)主要靠分析出主謂關(guān)系和動賓關(guān)系。對于被動語態(tài)首先要知道其基本結(jié)構(gòu)(bedone),其次是要根據(jù)需要的時態(tài)和人稱選擇be的形式。本小題對時態(tài)和語態(tài)均進行了考查,要求考生們?nèi)娣治鲈囶},不可顧此失彼。18. - What do you know made Sarah so upset?-giving away state secrets.A. Charged with B. Being charged withC. Accusing of D. To be accused of【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動名詞。句意:你知道是什么讓莎拉這么不高興嗎?一她被指控泄露國家

19、機密。sbbe charged with某人因而被控告”。第二句的主語為動名詞 Being charged with作主語,還 可以用being accused of。故B選項正確。19. The recent financial crisis into account, the Japanese boss back on the number of employees working for him.A. taking; cuts B. was taken; cutC. taken; cut D. to take; cutting【答案】C【解析】 【詳解】考查過去分詞和一般過去時。句意:考

20、慮到最近的金融危機,日本老板削減了為他工作的 員工人數(shù)。分析句子可知,本句為一般過去時,主語為故the Japanese boss,謂語為cut。The recent financial crisis與take在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞。C選項正確。20. with all sorts of affairs, the manager had little time to have a good sleep.A. OccupyingB. Being occupiedC. OccupiedD. Having occupied【答案】C 【解析】 【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:由于經(jīng)理忙于各

21、種事務(wù),幾乎沒有時間好好睡一覺。經(jīng)理”和占用”之間是被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞作原因狀語,故選Co21. The great hall was crowded with many people,many children on theirparents laps.A. including; seatedB. including; seatingC. included; satD. included; sitting【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查介詞和過去分詞。句意:這個大廳擠滿了人,包括一些坐在父母腿上的小孩。include是介詞,由其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的這個句子是做狀語成分之用.including somebo

22、dy ,包括某人=somebodyincluded , seated是動詞+ed,其引導(dǎo)的seated on their parents laps是后置定語的成分,表示狀態(tài),用來修飾前面的 children 。故選 A。22 A great number of students said they were forced to practice the piano.A to questionB to be questionedC questionedD questioning【答案】 C【解析】【詳解】考查過去分詞作定語。句意:很多被詢問的學(xué)生都說他們是被迫去練鋼琴的。 students 與q

23、uestion 構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,表示被詢問的學(xué)生。 B 項不定式表示將來,,而本句表示的是已經(jīng)被詢問。故選 C 項。23 China s Chang e 4 robotic probe entered lunar orbit on Wednesday, a major stepin its mission to make a soft landing on the moon s far side.A markingB to markC having markedD marked【答案】 A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:周三,中國的嫦娥4 號機器人探測器進入月球軌道,標志著它在月球遠端軟著

24、陸任務(wù)中邁出了重要一步。逗號前是主句,逗號后是非限制性定語,修飾整個主句,結(jié)合句意,主句和 mark 之間是主動關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語, A 選項正確。【點睛】不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞均可用結(jié)果狀語,但兩者用法有區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在分詞用作結(jié)果狀語,通常表示一種自然的結(jié)果,即屬預(yù)料之中的事;不定式用作結(jié)果狀語,主要表示沒有預(yù)料到的情況或結(jié)果,即屬預(yù)料之外的事。24 nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.A Having spentB To spendC SpentD To have spent【答案】 A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語

25、動詞。句意:已經(jīng)花完了幾乎所有的錢,我們無法支付住賓館的費用。動詞不定式表將來和目的,根據(jù)句意可知,花錢”的動作發(fā)生在過去,排除日D;過去分詞表完成和被動,we與spend是主謂關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞,排除 C;當兩個動作有先后關(guān)系 時,用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式在本句相當于because we have spent nearlyall our money ,表原因。故選A。25 ,the student insists that he be separated from his desk-mate,who is naughty.A To avoid being affectedB T

26、o avoid to be affectedC Avoiding being affectedD Avoiding to be affected【答案】 A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:為了避免受到影響,這些學(xué)生堅持要求他應(yīng)該和他同桌分開,(因為)他同桌非常的淘氣。固定短語avoid doing sth 避免做某事“ ” ,如果為被動,則為avoid being done,由此排除B、D;從句意來看,逗號前面部分應(yīng)該是目的狀語。而放句首 的目的狀語一般就是不定式,而不是現(xiàn)在分詞。由此排除C,故選Ao【點睛】avoid 是高中要求四會的詞,考生必須記牢它的用法,此題是綜合考查題,既考查了

27、非謂語動詞的用法同時又考了 avoid 的用法,這是高考命題的趨勢。insist 的賓語從句的用法一般分為兩種情況:1 )如果 insist 翻譯為 “堅持說 /堅持認為 ” ,且賓語從句的動作為已經(jīng)發(fā)生的情況,此時賓語從句采用正常的陳述語氣。如: He insisted that he was right. 他堅持說 /認為他是對的。2 )如果 insist 翻譯為 “堅決主張 /要求 ” ,即賓語從句的動作當時尚未發(fā)生,此時賓語從句必須采用虛擬語氣,構(gòu)成為從句謂語動詞用 “ (should) +動詞原形” ,其中should 可以省略。如: He insisted that he (sho

28、uld) be praised for what he had done.3)此題中的 insist 所引導(dǎo)的賓語從句采用了虛擬語氣,即 he be separated. = he should be separated.26 They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.A being runB runC to runD running【答案】 D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:他們用電腦讓交通流動順暢。分析句子可知, run 作賓語補足語,keep sb./sth. doing sth.表示讓一直做。根據(jù)句意可知,故選 D項。

29、27 (北京 )over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.A OrderingB To orderC Having orderedD Ordered【答案】 D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:(因為)那些書是一周多之前訂的,現(xiàn)在隨時有可能送到。books 和order 是動賓關(guān)系,即 order the books/the books are ordered ,故用過去分詞表示被動和完 成,在此相當于原因狀語從句 because they were ordered. ,故選D?!军c睛】 分詞作狀語1. 分詞作時間狀語相當于when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句; on doing sth. =as soon as sb. doessth.。2. 分詞作原因狀語相當于as, since, because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。3. 分詞作方式或伴隨狀語不能用狀語從句替換,但是可以改寫成并列句。4. 分詞

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