藥學(xué)專業(yè)英語藥學(xué)詞匯

1、半合成抗生素semisyntheticantibiotics半抗原h(huán)aptene輔料 excipients副作用side effect干燥劑desiccant;dryingagent感受器receptor給藥間隔 dosing interval共價(jià)鍵covalent bond分子藥理學(xué)molecular pharmacology放射毒理學(xué)radiotoxicology致癌實(shí)驗(yàn)carcinogenic test致畸試驗(yàn)teratogenic test致 敏 試 驗(yàn) sensitization test最小致死劑量minimal lethal dose;MLD致死量 fatal dose; let

2、hal dose治療等效（值） therapeutic equivalence表面活性 surface activityhalflethaldose;medianlethaldose;LD50制劑學(xué)technologyofpharmaceutics制藥化學(xué)pharmaceuticalchemistry安慰劑placebo螯合劑chelatingagent安全范圍safetyrange安全試驗(yàn)法innocuitytestmethod輔基prostheticgroup輔酶coenzyme附加劑additive肝首過效應(yīng)firstpasseffectofhepar高敏性hyperreactivity

3、個(gè)體差異性individualdifferences;individualvariation給藥方案或給藥速度dosageregimenordoserate工業(yè)藥劑學(xué)industrialpharmacy非去極化型肌松藥nondepolarizer放射藥劑學(xué)radiopharmaceutics致癌物carcinogen致畸物teratogen最小有效量minimaleffectivedose致敏作用sensitization制劑preparation變態(tài)反應(yīng)allergy;allergicreaction表面張力surfacetension短期致癌實(shí)驗(yàn)shorttermcarcinogenict

4、est半衰期half-lifeperiod;halflifetime崩解度disintegration崩解劑disintegrants克隆抗體monoclonalantibody膽堿酯酶cholinesteraseisotonicsolution薄膜衣film-coatingsolution不良反應(yīng)adversereaction等張溶液飽和溶液saturated搽劑liniments包衣片coatedtablet腸肝循環(huán)enterohepaticcirculation腸溶衣entericcoating滴丸劑pill酊劑tincture長期毒性實(shí)驗(yàn)longtermtoxicitytest腸溶控釋

5、片entericcontrolledreleasetablets處方prescription;recipe遞質(zhì)transmitter定向藥物制劑directedpharmaceuticalpreparations制劑prolongedactionpreparation中毒intoxication;poisoning長效毒理學(xué)toxicology對(duì)因治療etiologicaltreatment多功能酶multifunctionalenzyme兒茶酚胺catecholamine毒性反應(yīng)toxicresponse;toxicreaction對(duì)癥治療symptomatictreatment多劑量給藥m

6、ultipledoseadministrationsuperinfection過濾filtration過敏毒素anaphylatoxin過氧化物 superoxide過敏性藥物反應(yīng)anaphylacticdrugreaction含量均勻度contentuniformity合并用藥drugcombination合成藥物syntheticdrugs合劑mixture脂質(zhì)體liposome直腸給藥rectaladministration劑型dosageform劑量dosage;dose基本藥物 essential drugs急性毒性實(shí)驗(yàn)acutetoxicitytest劑量或濃度的依存性doseor

7、concentrationdependency環(huán)境藥理學(xué)environmentalpharmacology膠體溶液型藥劑medicalcolloidalsolution生物半衰期biologicalhalflife生物堿alkaloid生物利用度bioavailability生物藥劑學(xué)biopharmacy生物制品biologicalproduct生藥crudedrugs穩(wěn)態(tài)血藥濃度steadystateplasmaconcentration物理藥劑學(xué) physical pharmaceutics吸入法inhalation時(shí)辰藥理學(xué)chronopharmacology時(shí)間感受性chronosu

8、sceptability嚼用片chewable tablets拮抗作用 antagonism介質(zhì) mediator; transmitter; medium劇藥 powerful drug廣譜抗生素broad-spectrum antibiotic抗毒素antitoxin抗藥性 resistance to drugs口腔內(nèi)給藥 oral administration擴(kuò)散 diffusion累積尿排泄曲線cumulative urinary excretion curves累加效應(yīng) additive effect類毒素類固醇停藥綜合征steroid withdrawal syndrome藥物學(xué)

9、pharmacology; materia medica吸收速率常數(shù)absorption rate constant時(shí)間治療chronotherapy時(shí)效關(guān)系time-effect relationship酵解 glycolysis解毒作用 detoxication精神依賴性psychic dependence絕對(duì)致死劑量absolute lethal dose; LD100抗菌譜antibacterial spectrum控釋制劑 controlled release preparation快速耐受tachyphylaxis擴(kuò)散系數(shù)coefficient of diffusionanatox

10、in;toxoid量子藥理學(xué)quantum pharmacology臨床藥理學(xué)clinical pharmacology耐受性 tolerance調(diào)劑學(xué)dispensingpharmacychlinicalpharmacy耐藥性drugtoleranceendotoxin片劑硬度tablethardnessLimulusAmebocyteLysateassayforendotoxinmesomer濃度concentration皮膚、粘膜表面給藥skinandmucocutaneousadministration氣凝膠aerogel氣體分析gasanalysis前體藥物prodrug限制性劇藥r

11、estrictiveholagogue相加作用additiveeffect;addition藥效動(dòng)力學(xué)pharmacodynamics乙酰膽堿乙酰膽堿acetylcholine抑菌活性bacteriostaticactivity異構(gòu)酶isomerase消除速率常數(shù)eliminationrateconstant效價(jià)單位potencyunit效應(yīng)effect效應(yīng)物effector興奮性excitability懸浮液suspension血管內(nèi)給藥intravascularadministration血漿plasma血漿蛋白結(jié)合率plasmaproteinbindingratio血腦屏障blood-c

12、erebralbarrier血清serum血容量擴(kuò)充劑bloodvolumeexpander氣溶膠aerosol氣霧劑aerosol鞘內(nèi)注射intrathecalinjection相對(duì)給藥間隔relativedosageinterval向靶給藥targetabledrugdelivery藥源性疾病drug-induceddiseases乙酰膽堿酯酶acetylcholinesterase抑菌作用bactriostasis效價(jià)potency效價(jià)強(qiáng)度potency效應(yīng)器effector協(xié)同作用synergism選擇性selectivity血管外給藥extravascularadministrati

13、on血漿代用液plasmasubstitute血藥濃度bloodconcentration血液凝固bloodcoagulation血液制品bloodproducts亞急性中毒subacuteintoxication;subacutepoisoning亞硝酸鹽中毒nitritepoisoning眼用膜劑ocularinserts藥時(shí)半對(duì)數(shù)曲線semi-logarithmiccurveofdrug-time藥時(shí)曲線drug-timecurve藥峰時(shí)間peaktimeofdrug藥劑學(xué)pharmaceutics藥敏試驗(yàn)drugsensitivetest藥物代謝drugmetabolism藥峰濃度pe

14、akconcentrationofdrug藥劑等效性pharmaceuticalequivalence藥理學(xué)pharmacology藥物代謝酶drugmetablicenzyme藥物的體內(nèi)過程intracorporalprocessofdrugs藥物動(dòng)力學(xué)模型pharmacokineticsmodel藥物反應(yīng)drugreaction藥物排泄drugexcretion藥物相互作用druginteraction藥物蓄積drugaccumulation人工合成抗原artificialantigen人種藥理學(xué)ethnopharmacology慢通道slowpathway藥物分布drugdistribu

15、tion藥物吸收drugabsorption藥物消除drugelimination全酶與輔基holonzymeandprostheticgroup人工免疫artificialimmunization埋植劑implants敏感性sensitivity免疫原性 immunogenicity抗體 antibody抗原 antigen溶菌酶 lysozyme溶質(zhì) solute慢性毒性實(shí)驗(yàn)chronictoxicitytest;longtermtoxicitytest酶enzyme酶原proenzyme免疫抑制劑immunosuppressant;immunoinhibitor免疫增強(qiáng)劑immunoen

16、hancement抗血清antiserum溶解dissolution;dissolving溶血hemolysis三羧酸循環(huán)tricarboxylicacidcycle殺菌活性bactericidalactivity殺菌作用bactericidaleffect治療藥物臨測(cè)therapeutic drug monitoring; TDM治療作用 therapeutic action身體依賴性physicaldependence腎上腺素能神經(jīng)adrenergicnerve滲透壓osmoticpressure收斂藥astringent首過效應(yīng)first-passeffect水解（作用）hydrolys

17、is雙盲法double-blindtechnique硬膏劑plaster有效率effectiverate治療量therapeuticdose治療指數(shù)therapeuticindexTI右旋糖dextrose閾劑量thresholddose受體激動(dòng)劑receptorstimulant外毒素exotoxin藥物分析pharmaceuticalanalysis神經(jīng)毒素neurotoxin腎上腺素能受體adrenergicreceptor溶劑solvent;dissolvent手性藥物chiraldrug受體receptor糖異生作用gluconeogenesis天然藥物crudedrugs;natu

18、raldrugs有效半衰期effectivehalt有效濃度effectiveconcentration右旋體dextrorotatoryform載體carrier受體拮抗劑receptorantagonist外消旋體raceme藥物化學(xué)pharmaceuticalchemistry藥品負(fù)責(zé)期allotteddateofdrugqualityensuringbymanufacturer藥品管理法drugadministrationlaw藥品批號(hào)drugbatchnumber藥品使用期limitdateofusingadrugafteritsproduction藥品有效期expirydate;d

19、ateofexpiration藥品質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)drugstandard發(fā)酵fermentation法定處方officialformula協(xié)定處方cipherprescription序貫設(shè)計(jì)sequentialdesign多糖polyose多肽polypeptideelectrolyteelectrolyzation激活劑 activator激活作用activation激素hormone中間體intermediate助溶劑complexsolubilizer自身免疫autoimmunity最大耐受劑量maximaltolerabledose;LDO最小顯著差數(shù)leastsignificantdiff

20、erence左旋糖levulose激素原prohormone助濾劑filteraid助懸劑suspendingagent組胺histamine最大無作用劑量maxialnoneffectivedose;EDO佐劑adjuvant左旋體levorotatoryform6-磷酸葡萄糖脫氫酶glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase不完全抗原incompleteantigenJanbon綜合癥Janbon'ssyndromePPB濃度partsperbillionconcentrationpphm濃度partsperhundredmillionconcentration

21、濃度 parts per million concentrationPPHftfc度partsperhundredconcentrationppm補(bǔ)體安全系統(tǒng)safetycoefficient白蛋白微球制劑albuminmicroballoons貝克勒爾Becquerel被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)passivetransport必需脂肪酸essentialfattyacidcomplement靶細(xì)胞targetcell百分濃度percentageconcentration被動(dòng)免疫passiveimmunity必需氨基酸essentialaminoacid丙種射線gammarays補(bǔ)體系統(tǒng)complementsy

22、stem穿透促進(jìn)劑penetrationenhancers磁性控釋制劑magneticcontrolledreleasedosageform磁性藥物制劑magneticmedicinalpreparations大分子macromolecule當(dāng)量equivalentweight當(dāng)量溶液normalsolutionnormality當(dāng)量定律equivalentlaw低聚糖oligosaccharides滴定 titration低密度脂蛋白lowdensitylipoprotein對(duì)映體 antipode滴定曲線titrationcurve克分子分?jǐn)?shù)molar fraction克分子濃度molar

23、 comcentratin; molalcomcentration克原子gram-atom冷凍 freezing;refrigeration摩爾 mole芳族化合物aromaticcompound分子病moleculardisease分子生物學(xué)molecularbiology核糖核酸ribonucleicacid;RNA痕量元素traceelement化學(xué)物理學(xué)chemicalphysics化學(xué)藥物治療chemotherapy己糖醇細(xì)胞毒劑cytotoxichexitols堿中毒alkalosis;alkali-poisoning克當(dāng)量數(shù)gram-equivalentnumber非必需氨基酸non-essentialaminoacid分子溶液molecularsolution光量子lightquantum核苷酸nucleotide化學(xué)分析chemicalanalysis化學(xué)消毒法chemicaldisinfection基因gene間接致癌indirectcarcinogenesis克當(dāng)量gram-equivalentweight克分子gram-molecule;gram-mol