中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)：冠詞、數(shù)詞

1、冠詞、數(shù)詞冠詞1. 種類： （ 1 ）不定冠詞： a / an a unit / an uncle元音開頭的可數(shù)名詞前用 an :an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock /（ 2 ）定冠詞： the the egg the plane2. 用法 :不定冠詞用法； （ 1 ）用來表示 “” 的意思，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)的觀念，只說明名詞為不特定者。即不具體說明是何人何物。（ 2）不定冠詞含有 “” 的意思，但數(shù)量觀念沒有one 強(qiáng)烈，在句子里邊一般可以不必譯出，但若有 “一個(gè) ”

2、 的意思則譯出，（ 3）一般用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前，指人或事物的某一種類。 （ 4.）固定搭配。a lot Of, a lot, a little, a few, a glass Of, such a an, have a word with, have a look, have a try, have a swim, a quarter, half an hour, three times a day, have a talk, give a talk, en Yuan a kilo 定冠詞的用法：（ 1）特指某（些）人或物。 （ 2）指說話人和聽話人都熟悉的人或物。（ 3）用在形容最高級(jí)和部分

3、比較級(jí)前。 （ 4 ）用在序數(shù)詞前。 （ 5 ）用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前（如太陽、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等） 。 （ 6 ）用在某些形容詞前，表示 類人或物。the rich （富人），the poor （窮人），the deaf （聾人），the blind （盲人），the dead （死者），the wounded （傷員）（ 7）用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前,表示 “某某 家人 ”或 “某某夫婦 ” 。 （ 8）用在樂器前。（9）用于逢“十”的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞前，指某個(gè)世紀(jì)中的幾十年代或人的大約年歲。 . In the 1970s,（ 10 ）用在某些專有名詞和習(xí)慣用語中。the United Na

4、tions, the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Palace Museum, in the end, in the day, in the middle Of, 11the time, in the east, by the way, On the way tO, the （more） the （more） 越越”不用冠詞的情況：（ 1）名詞前有指示代詞this,that,these,those時(shí)不用冠詞。（2）名詞前有物主代詞 my,your,his her,their等時(shí)不用冠詞。（3）名詞前有whose,which, ,any,each,eve

5、ry等代詞時(shí)不用冠詞。（4）復(fù) 數(shù)名詞表示一類人或物時(shí)不用冠詞。eg.Those young men are teachers,not students.（ 5）物質(zhì)名詞表示種類時(shí)不用冠詞。eg.Snow is white.（ 6）抽象名詞表示一般概念時(shí)不用冠詞。eg.Does she like music？（ 7）在球類運(yùn)動(dòng)和棋類游戲前時(shí)不用冠詞。eg.play basketball soccer chess（ 8）在三餐前不用冠詞。eg.have breakfast lunch supper dinner（ 9）在人名、地名、節(jié)假日、星期、月份前不用。（ 10 ）在學(xué)科和節(jié)目名稱前不用冠詞

6、。（ 11）在某些固定搭配中不用冠詞。eg.at noon, at work,at home,by bus, by air,On foot,from morning till night,at night,gO tO school,go to bed,at last在有些詞組中，用冠詞和不用冠詞意思有較大區(qū)別。in hospital （在住院）； in the hospital （在醫(yī)院）in prison （在坐牢）； in the prison （在監(jiān)獄里）at table （吃飯，用餐）；at the table （在桌旁）in front of （在某個(gè)范圍之外的前面）； in the

7、 front of （在某個(gè)范圍之外的前面）go to college （上大學(xué)）；go to the college （去那所大學(xué)）take place （發(fā)生）；take the place （代替）習(xí)題：在下列句中空白處填入適當(dāng)冠詞，不需用冠詞處劃 Xo1. Tomorrow is Teachers Day and well make card for our English teacher.2. The bus is running about seventy mileshour.3. Mary is interested in science.4. Some people dont

8、like to talk at table.5. Last night I went tobed very late.6. Dont worry. We still have little time left.7. What beautiful day! And what fine weather!8. In winter it is cold in Beijing and warm in Shanghai.9. John iscleverest boy in his class.10. We cant live without water or air.11. Tomorrow Mr. Sm

9、ith will leave Paris, capital ofFrance, for Washington byair.12. We were havinglunch when they came in.13. This is book you gave me last week.14. What did you do last Saturday?15. March 8 is Womens Day.16. If weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park.17. I prefer playing piano to playing bask

10、etball.18. At age of five, he read a lot of books.19. Tom and Lucy are of same age.20. harder we study, more we learn.21. There is picture of elephant on wall 22. This is useful book Ive read it for hour 23. elephant is much heavier than horse 24. doctor told him to take medicine three times day 25.

11、 Lets go out for walk 26. Its too hot Open door ， please27. There is woman over there woman is Meimeis mother 28. sun rises in east29. Changjiang River is longest river in China 30. Are you going to do it second time ？31. What important news ！stamps. (hundred)D. Five; fiveD. two moreD. two - days m

12、not sure.D. One hundredD. ten daysD. hundred of數(shù)詞：表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞，數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞；表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。一、基數(shù)詞1)基數(shù)詞寫法和讀法：345 three hundred and forty-five ;2)基數(shù)詞一般是單數(shù)形式，但下列情況，常用復(fù)數(shù)：a.要注意的是hundred, thousand, million與billion的用法。前面有別的基數(shù)詞時(shí)，即若干個(gè)百、千、百萬、十億時(shí)，其本身都不要加s,如：three hundred students。若表示成百，成千或數(shù)百，數(shù)千時(shí)，前

13、面不能有基數(shù)詞，但其本身要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，然后+of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)。如：thousands of students數(shù)千名學(xué)生b.在一些表示一排或一組的詞組里；如：They arrived in twos and threes.他們?nèi)齼蓛傻牡竭_(dá)了。c.表示幾十歲； d.表示年代，用in +the +數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)；e.在乘法運(yùn)算的一種表示法里，如：3 x 5 = 15 Three fives is (are) fifteen.二、序數(shù)詞其構(gòu)成法如下：1規(guī)則的直接在基數(shù)詞后加th,如：fourth fifth sixth seventh tenth eleventh nineteenth整十的：twentie

14、th thirtieth fortieth 不規(guī)則的則需要一一記憶因它們?cè)诳荚囍谐霈F(xiàn)的頻率很高：firstsecond third eighth ninth twelfth 序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式：first-1st second-2nd thirty-first-31st三、數(shù)詞的用法1)倍數(shù)表示法a.主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(或分?jǐn)?shù))+ as + adj. + asI have three times as many as you. 我有你三倍那么多。b.主語 + 謂語 + 倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+ the size (amount, length )of The earth is 49 times the si

15、ze of the moon. 地球是月球的 49 倍。c.主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+形容詞(副詞)比較級(jí) + thanThe grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year.今年比去年糧食產(chǎn)量增加8%。d.還可以用by+倍數(shù)，表示增加多少倍The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.今年糧食產(chǎn)量增加了 4倍。2)分?jǐn)?shù)表示法構(gòu)成：基數(shù)詞代表分子，序數(shù)詞代表分母。分子大于1時(shí)，分子的序數(shù)詞用單數(shù)，分母序數(shù)詞用復(fù)數(shù)：1/3 o

16、ne-third ; 3/37 three and three-sevenths練習(xí)一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1、 Mr. Black lives on the floor. (six)2、Jack will come back on the of next month. (twenty-three)3、Autumn is the season of the year. (three)4、The boy is very strong. (seven)5、Summer is the season of the year. (two)6、The story is very interesting

17、. (one)7、September is the month of the year. (nine)8、There are of workers in a factory. (hundred)9、Who was the to get there? (one) 10、I have two二.句意選詞( )1.The government of Chongqing is building cheap and good houses for the people.A. thousandB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of .()2. Now, ever

18、ybody, please turn to Page and look at the picture.A. Fifth; fiveB. Five; fifthC. Fifth; fifth()3.Do you have enough students to clean the laboratory ?No, I think we need students.A. anotherB. tow othersC. more two()4. We ll have a holiday. What about going to the West Lake?A. two daysB. two dayC. t

19、wo days()5. -How many teachers are there in your school ?, but IA. HundredsB. HundredC. Hundreds of()6. The river is very long and it is aboutA. 20 metres wide B. 15 metres long C. 30 metres highD. 50 metres tall)7. My father will have a holiday next month. Hell take me to Qingdao.A. ten daysB. ten

20、daysC. ten-days)8. Eight students in our school are from countryside.A hundredsB hundredC hundreds of()9.trees were cut down. And many birds lost their home.A. Two thousands B. Thousands of C. Thousand of()10. I don t believe that this boy can paint such a nice pictureA. five years old B. five-years

21、-oldC. five-year-old()11. Football is so exciting that people in the world play it.A. million ofB. millions ofC. two millions of()12. Each of us has to write a report every two weeks.A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundreds-word C. two-hundreds-words D. two-hundred-words ()13. We are going to learn this

22、term.A. book sixB. six bookC. the book sixD. Book Six()14. The girl wanted to sing song in English.A. the othersB. a secondC. otherD. the second()15. About of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.A. four-fifthB. four-fifthsC. fourth-fifthsD. fourths-fifth()16. He will come here tom

23、orrow morning.A. at fifthB. at tenC. on twoD. till tenth()17. Every day he begins to do his homework.A. at ten past seven B. at seven pass ten C. on ten past seventh D. until ten ()18. He began to work there.A. on his fifty B. at age of fiftyC. when he fiftyD. in his fifties()19. They moved to Beiji

24、ng _A. in 1980sB. in the 1980 C. in the 1980sD. on the 1980s()20. She was her early twenties when she went abroad.A. atB. onC. ofD: in三、完形填空五、閱讀理解IMAGINE a life without arms or legs! You can with your feet. How would you last a day like that? Would you Nick Vujicic, the 29-year-old Australian?Nick w

25、as born without limbs ( 四肢)，so life was nott hold anyone in your can t walk anywhere2 at yourself in the mirror ( 鏡子)like3 for him. At school many students playedjokes on him 4 he looked different from everyone else. He was refused to be 5 friends, so he always felt 6 . However, he faced that bravel

26、y. He 7 to type and write with two toes ( 腳趾)at theage of six, and he could 8 surf and play golf. In college, he got great success and was among thestudents in the studies. And he decided on their dreams.Now Nick is one of the most popular10 to do later in his life-to encourage others to work hard f

27、orabout his story don t have, “12 difficulties.11 in the world. He travels to many countries and tell others“Living life fully is about looking at what you 13 , not what youhe said. Hli4 encourages millions of people.“I tell people to keep on getting up when they 15 and to can encourage just one per

28、son, then my job in this life is done.always love themselves,“he said.()1. A. armsB. earsC. eyesD. teeth()2. A. laughB. cryC. smileD. shout()3. A. oldB. easyC. modernD. difficult()4. A. becauseB. ifC. untilD. although()5. A. hisB. myC. theirD. our()6. A. happyB. relaxedC. lonelyD. surprised()7. A. f

29、ailedB. forgotC. helpedD. learned()8. A. evenB. everC. neverD. always()9. A. tallB. lazyC. sleepyD. excellent()10. A. howB. whoC. whatD. where()11. A. doctorsB. speakersC. scientistsD. managers()12. A. atB. forC. intoD. against()13. A. makeB. haveC. loseD. want()14. A. storyB. sadnessC. friendD. fam

30、ily()15. A. fallB. playC. listenD. exercise四、選詞填空A. names B. givenC. HoweverD. twiceE. andF. noticeG. AlsoH. beforeI. Worst J. betterHello, everyone. Because of the high rate of school violence (暴力)in some areas, teenagers safety becomes a serious problem. We are planning to set up an organization n

31、amed School Watch to make sure that students have a safe school environment. Please be part of our plan!What is School Watch?School Watch is a volunteer project in our school. It helps us stop violence and improve the quality of school life. It will keep yourself and your schoolmates safe. The other

32、 members of School Watch care for you and your classroom and you do the same for them.Is it for everyone?Anybody can become a member of School Watch because everyone has something to offer.What else can it do?School Watch makes it possible for us not only to help each other but also to make friends

33、with each otlfr. Some members may offer to help schoolmates who have problems with their homework.Who is the School Watch?Our school will look for the School Watcher and give him or her lots of prizes. You could be the one!How do you start?To be part of this plan, the only thing you need to do is to

34、 talk to the director of the plan in your grade. If you want to get more information, check the official website at www. schoolwacth. com.)1. The members of School Watch are probablyA. teenagersB. parentsC. policemen)2. School Watch can help its members .A. save the environmentB. organize sports act

35、ivitiesC. improve the quality of school life)3. Anyone can become a member of School Watch because.A. everyone may have problemsB. everyone can give help to othersC. everyone need to make some friends)4. If you want to be a member of School Watch, you should .A. check the websiteB. be good at your s

36、choolworkC. talk to the director of the plan in your grade)5. The Best School Watcher will get a lot of prizes fromNaming the BabyParents always think babies are very special. They want others to 1 their children. For this reason, they sometimes give their children unusual 2 . They may choose names

37、such as Chelma, Ukiah, Brianna,or Elvira. There are some advantages to this practice. A child who is3_ an uncommon name may feelA. the school六、完成對(duì)話Helen: Henry, why donHenry: Would you like me toTeam today. I canHelen: To tell you the 3B. the websiteevery year.C. the organizationt we go out for lunch today and visit some friends?1 today s football