某公司英語(yǔ)篇精讀薈萃英文版

1、英語(yǔ)100篇精讀薈萃（中級(jí)篇）Passage One (Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice)In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule b

2、y brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence as if it were a legitimate solution, like any

3、other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of th

4、e human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismal

5、ly contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enfo

6、rcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapp

7、ed by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting

8、 solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each others problems. And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchangin

9、g information. Talk, talk, talk, the advocates of violence say, all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser. Its rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk

10、, he was none the wiser. Possible, my lord, the barrister replied, none the wiser, but surely far better informed. Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.1.What is the best title for this passage?A Advocating Violence.Vio

11、lence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.C Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.D The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.2.Recorded history has taught usA violence never solves anything.nothing.C the bloodshed means nothing.D everything.3.It can b

12、e inferred that truly reasonable menA cant get a hearing.are looked down upon.C are persecuted.D Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement.4.“He was none the wiser” means A he was not at all wise in listening.He was not at all wiser than nothing before.C He gains nothing after listening.D He mak

13、es no sense of the argument.5.According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is A law enforcement.knowledge.C nonviolence.D Mopping up the violent mess.Vocabulary1.acute 嚴(yán)重的，劇烈的，敏銳的2.loot v.搶劫，掠奪；n.贓物3.pillage v.搶劫，掠奪4.crunch v.吱嘎吱嘎咬或嚼某物；n.碎裂聲when it comes to the crunch = if/when the deci

14、sive moment comes. 當(dāng)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻來(lái)到時(shí)。5.war-paint 出戰(zhàn)前涂于身上的顏料。（美印第安戰(zhàn)士用）6xe to light = become known 顯露，為人所知7.sap 剝削，使傷元?dú)?，破壞I was sapped by months of hospital treatment. 我住院治療幾個(gè)月，大傷元?dú)狻?.mop up 擦去，對(duì)付，處理9.wake 船跡，航跡in the wake of sth. = come after 隨某事之后到來(lái)。難句譯注1.What is really frightening, what really fills you wit

15、h despair is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】when it comes to the crunch = when / if the decisive moment comes.當(dāng)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻來(lái)到時(shí)?！緟⒖甲g文】真正令人可怖的，令人絕望的是，在關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，人們意識(shí)到我們一點(diǎn)兒也沒(méi)有進(jìn)步/前進(jìn)。2.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence lea

16、ves in its wake.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】in the wake of 在之后?！緟⒖甲g文】由于我們不得不清理掉暴力之后所留下的爛攤子，我們的力量因此削弱了。3.After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】none + the + 比較級(jí)。固定用法，義：not at all 一點(diǎn)兒也不。EX: After the treatment, he is none the better.治療后，他并沒(méi)有因此見(jiàn)好，（一點(diǎn)兒

17、也不見(jiàn)好）?！緟⒖甲g文】聽(tīng)了律師的長(zhǎng)篇解釋?zhuān)ü俦г拐f(shuō)他一無(wú)所獲，并不因此變得聰明些。4. Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom.【參考譯文】知識(shí)是智慧的必要的先決條件。結(jié)合上下文這里意思是：了解情況是解決問(wèn)題的先決條件。句子后面的解釋?zhuān)褐R(shí)是指了解它欲以解決暴力制造的惡行。寫(xiě)作方法與文章大意作者主要以對(duì)比的手法寫(xiě)出了暴力是有些國(guó)家用以解決種族差異的公認(rèn)方法，這是人本性沒(méi)有進(jìn)步的表現(xiàn)，真正理智的人提出了法制才是解決問(wèn)題的唯一途徑，而這些人遭人輕視、迫害。作者指出如果我們把使用暴力的一半精力放在消除貧民窟，改善生活水平，提供教育和就業(yè)

18、，清除暴力造成的后果，也就是通過(guò)對(duì)它以法治理是能真正解決種族問(wèn)題的。盡管這些暴力者采取充耳不聞的態(tài)度。答案詳解1.B 暴力難以消除種族偏見(jiàn)。文章一開(kāi)始就提出有些國(guó)家種族偏見(jiàn)嚴(yán)重，而暴力卻是公認(rèn)的一種解決方法。白人采用暴力鎮(zhèn)壓，黑人以防火、掠搶為反抗。而雙方的大人物平靜地論及暴力，似乎這是一種合法的解決方案。作者就此指出人類(lèi)的進(jìn)步只在于表面衣飾等，人類(lèi)的本能沒(méi)有改變。整個(gè)有記錄歷史的文件沒(méi)有教會(huì)人類(lèi)任何東西。這是真正令人可怕的事件。第二段論及真正有理智的懂得解決方案所在的人鼓吹法制，人們不停。他們反而收到輕視、迫害。作者就此提出假設(shè)，答出真正的解決方案嗜法制，以法治理。第三段進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明“交流、對(duì)

19、話”是了解雙方問(wèn)題的前提，即使暴力者不同意，但知道暴力制造它假裝要解決的罪惡，是智慧聰明的必要前提。A.鼓吹暴力。C.雙方重要人物都把暴力作為合法的解決方案。D. 人類(lèi)的本性是嗜暴性。2.B沒(méi)有什么。第一段中就明確提出整個(gè)人類(lèi)有記錄歷史又長(zhǎng)又臭的暴力文件記錄，一點(diǎn)都沒(méi)有教給我們?nèi)魏螙|西。A.暴力解決不了任何事情。C.殺戮（流血）沒(méi)有任何意義。D.一切。3.D在鼓吹法制方面有困難。答案在第二段，真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同類(lèi)們的輕視、不信任和迫害。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)要人傾聽(tīng)他們的意見(jiàn)越來(lái)越困難。A.人們不聽(tīng)。B.遭人輕視。C.遭人迫害。這三項(xiàng)都包含在D項(xiàng)內(nèi)。4.C聽(tīng)后無(wú)所得。None the wiser

20、一點(diǎn)也不比以前聰明（這是按字面翻譯）。實(shí)際就是C項(xiàng)。A.在傾聽(tīng)別人上他一點(diǎn)也不聰明。B.他和以前一個(gè)樣。D.他聽(tīng)不懂論點(diǎn)。5.A法制。第二段最后一句，如果我們?cè)诜傻臉?gòu)架中進(jìn)行工作，真正的持久的解決總是能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。第二段第二句，他們?cè)獾狡群κ且驗(yàn)樗麄児拇捣ㄖ七@種顯然令人不能容忍的事。B.知識(shí)。C.非暴力。D.處理暴力帶來(lái)的混亂。Passage Two (The Tourist Trade Contributes Absolutely Nothing to Increasing Understanding between Nations) The tourist trade is booming.

21、 With all this coming and going, youd expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! Superb systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each others countries at a moderate cost. What was once the grand tour, reserved for

22、only the very rich, is now within everybodys grasp? The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grand tours in the old days couldnt have dreamed of. But whats the sense of this mass exchange of populations i

23、f the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other? Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a cosseted, sheltered life.

24、He lives at international hotels, where he eats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from a distance. Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. The tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A s

25、trict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. The summer quarters of the inhabitants of the cite univ

26、ersitaire: are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated at Torremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella, but fish and chips. The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of national stereotypes. We dont see the people of other natio

27、ns as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these five adjectives: musical, amorous, cold, pedantic, native. Far from providin

28、g us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives actually act as barriers. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginal and inaccur

29、ate impression that, say, Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites of that Latin peoples shout a lot. You only have to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereotypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you? Carried to an

30、extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic facthow trite it sounds! That all people are human. We are all similar to each other and at the same time all unique.1.The best title for this passage is A tourism contributes nothi

31、ng to increasing understanding between nations.Tourism is tiresome.C Conducted tour is dull.D tourism really does something to ones country.2.What is the authors attitude toward tourism?A apprehensive.negative.C critical.D appreciative.3.Which word in the following is the best to summarize Latin peo

32、ple shout a lot?A silent.noisy.C lively.D active.4.The purpose of the authors criticism is to point outA conducted tour is disappointing.the way of touring should be changed.C when traveling, you notice characteristics which confirm preconception.D national stereotypes should be changed.5.What is gr

33、and tour now?A moderate cost.local sight-seeing is investigated by the tourist organization.C people enjoy the first-rate comforts.D everybody can enjoy the grand tour.Vocabulary1.superb 卓越的，杰出的，第一流的2.moderate 中庸的，中等的，適度的3.grand tour 大旅行，指舊時(shí)英國(guó)富家子弟教育中， 到歐洲大陸觀光的旅行，為學(xué)業(yè)必經(jīng)階段。4.package tour 由旅行社代辦而費(fèi)用與路線、

34、日程固定的假日旅游。也可用package holiday。5.chartered flight 包機(jī)航班6.set out to do sth. = begin a job with a particular aim開(kāi)始做某事， 決心/打算做7.cosset 寵愛(ài)，溺愛(ài)，縱容8.conducted tour = guided tour 有人指導(dǎo)/引到下的參觀，有導(dǎo)游的旅游 9.censor 檢查10.wander off 離開(kāi)原處/正道，離群，漫步，漫游11.quarters 住處，營(yíng)12.paella 西班牙什錦飯一三.chip 炸馬鈴薯?xiàng)l（土豆條）14.amorous 多情的，色情的一五.

35、pedantic 學(xué)究式的，賣(mài)弄學(xué)問(wèn)的16.generalization 歸納，概括17.stir up 惹起，煽動(dòng)，挑起一八.trite 陳腐的，老一套的難句譯注1.What was once the grand tour, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybodys grasp.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】within sb.s grasp.某人理解/了解，為某人所能抓到的?！緟⒖甲g文】一度只有最富有者專(zhuān)享的“大旅行”現(xiàn)在人人都可獲得。2.The package tour and chartered flights are not t

36、o be sneered at.【參考譯文】旅行社包辦的旅游，包機(jī)航班決不會(huì)遭人恥笑。3.They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population.【參考譯文】旅行社有意使他們的谷底和當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆俳佑|。4.The modern tourist heads a cosseted sheltered life.【參考譯文】現(xiàn)代旅行者過(guò)的使愛(ài)護(hù)有加與世隔絕的生活。5.Conducted tours to places of interest are careful

37、ly censored.【參考譯文】有人指導(dǎo)下參觀一些靜電收到組織者旅行社仔細(xì)的檢查核準(zhǔn)。6.A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】only too + 形容詞/分詞 = very非常。【參考譯文】嚴(yán)格致密的計(jì)劃值得旅行者不可能自己一個(gè)人到處閑逛；再說(shuō)，至少語(yǔ)言總是個(gè)障礙，所以他對(duì)

38、這樣保護(hù)非常高興。7.At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】at ones worst 在情況最壞的時(shí)候?！緟⒖甲g文】最糟的時(shí)候，這種保護(hù)會(huì)導(dǎo)致形成一種新型而又可怕的殖民現(xiàn)象。8.Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】carried to an extreme (to an excess )如果做得過(guò)分。【參考譯文】如果走向極端，模式化的想法會(huì)非常危險(xiǎn)。9.Wild genera

39、lizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact.【參考譯文】野蠻（亂七八糟）的概括/歸納會(huì)激起種族仇恨，使我們對(duì)這基本事實(shí)視而不見(jiàn)。寫(xiě)作方法與文章大意文章主要采用因果寫(xiě)法。雖然旅游業(yè)發(fā)展，人們可享受以前只有最富有者享受的大旅游，但由于旅行社種種限制/呵護(hù)及其它，使旅游者難以和當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窠佑|。陳舊的固定的想對(duì)民族的模式化想法，只有通過(guò)接觸才能接觸模式。而旅行社的種種都使人相互難以理解。答案詳解1.A 旅游對(duì)增進(jìn)民族了解毫無(wú)建樹(shù)。第二段開(kāi)始點(diǎn)出，許多旅游組織直接負(fù)責(zé)旅游事宜，他們有意識(shí)不讓旅游者接觸當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?，讓他們過(guò)著一種

40、關(guān)懷備至又與世隔絕的生活。住的是國(guó)際飯店，吃的是國(guó)際食品，喝的是國(guó)際飲料，在原處觀看當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?。?yán)格有序的計(jì)劃使旅游者難以自己一人閑逛，語(yǔ)言的障礙，又使他們樂(lè)意接受保護(hù)。第三段涉及堅(jiān)持民族模式化老一套的想法，所以一開(kāi)始旅游，你見(jiàn)到的民族特性就只是證實(shí)了你自己設(shè)想的基本事實(shí)所有人民都是人類(lèi)。只有交朋友才能知道民族模式是多么荒謬、有害，可是旅行社竭力制止，你又怎么能交上外國(guó)朋友呢？這一切說(shuō)明A項(xiàng)對(duì)。B.旅游很累。C.導(dǎo)游觀光很單調(diào)乏味。D.旅游確實(shí)對(duì)國(guó)家有貢獻(xiàn)。2.C 批評(píng)。3.B 吵吵鬧鬧的。4.B 旅游的方式應(yīng)改變。整篇文章（除第一段外）都環(huán)繞旅游方式不理想來(lái)進(jìn)行批評(píng)。第二段集中在導(dǎo)游觀光使旅游

41、者難以和當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣窠佑|。第三段，見(jiàn)到的只是證實(shí)了旅游者本人事先形成的思想/先入之見(jiàn)，旅游根本達(dá)不到了解對(duì)方的目的。第四段講了民族固定模式（先入之見(jiàn)的模式）的可怕后果。要使人懂得所有的人們都是人類(lèi)，彼此相似，又各具特點(diǎn)，就得改變旅游的方式。A.導(dǎo)游觀光令人失望。C.旅游時(shí)，你見(jiàn)到的 特性證實(shí)了你的先入之見(jiàn)。D.民族模式應(yīng)當(dāng)改變。這三條都是批評(píng)的具體內(nèi)容。5.D 人人都能享受大旅游。大旅行是專(zhuān)指英國(guó)富家子弟上學(xué)中的一門(mén)課程到歐洲大陸觀光。不是人人都能享受。這里用grand tour表示人人都能享受類(lèi)似grand tour的一切，甚至超過(guò)，如第一段指出：現(xiàn)代旅游者享受的舒適設(shè)施，達(dá)到了大旅行中老爺、小

42、姐們做夢(mèng)都沒(méi)有想到的水平。海陸空高級(jí)交流聯(lián)絡(luò)通訊系統(tǒng)，使人們有可能錢(qián)花得不多就能訪問(wèn)、觀光別的國(guó)家。所以說(shuō)，曾是有錢(qián)人專(zhuān)享的大旅行，普通人也能領(lǐng)略?！癵rand tour”有引號(hào)，表明作為比喻。A.費(fèi)用不高。文內(nèi)是費(fèi)用合適、中等、恰當(dāng)。B.當(dāng)?shù)赜^光受組織審查。C.人們喜歡一流舒適設(shè)施。Passage Three (Pop Stars Earn Much)Pop stars today enjoy a style of living which was once the prerogative only of Royalty. Wherever they go, people turn out

43、in their thousands to greet them. The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols. The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven Rolls-Royces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes. They are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers, pr

44、ess agents and bodyguards. Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported, for, like Royalty, pop stars are news. If they enjoy many of the privileges of Royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. It is dangerous for them to mak

45、e unscheduled appearances in public. They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idolize them. They are no longer private individuals, but public property. The financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are astronomical.And why n

46、ot? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly. The great days of Hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation on an unprecedented scale. By todays standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. A single gramophone record now

47、adays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. The competition for the title Top of the Pops is fierce, but the rewards are truly colossal.It is only right that the stars should be paid in this way. Dont the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the services they

48、 perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency often more than large industrial concerns and the taxman can only be grateful fro their massive annual contributions to the exchequer. So who would begrudge them their rewards?Its all very well for people i

49、n humdrum jobs to moan about the successes and rewards of others. People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg. For every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living. A man working in a steady job and looki

50、ng forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards. He has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn. But a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormous risks. He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitor

51、s ever get to the very top. He knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure. But he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the recompense for the huge risks involved and if he achieves them, he has certainly earned them. Thats the ess

52、ence of private enterprise.1.The sentence Pop stars style of living was once the prerogative only of Royalty meansA their life was as luxurious as that of royalty.They enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty.C They are rather rich.D Their way of living was the same as that of the royalty.2.What

53、 is the authors attitude toward top stars high income?A Approval.Disapproval.C Ironical.D Critical.3.It can be inferred from the passageA there exists fierce competition in climbing to the top.People are blind in idolizing stars.C Successful Pop stars give great entertainment.D The tax they have pai

54、d are great.4.What can we learn from the passage?A Successful man should get high-income repayment.Pop stars made great contribution to a country.C Pop stars can enjoy the life of royalty.D Successful men represent the tip of the iceberg.5.Which paragraph covers the main idea?A The first.The second.

55、C The third.D The fourth.Vocabulary1.prerogative 權(quán)力，（尤指）特權(quán)2.chauffeur 受雇開(kāi)車(chē)人，（尤指富人、要人的）司機(jī)3.entourage 隨行人員，伴隨者，近侍；建筑物周?chē)?.astronomical 龐大的，天文的5.adulation 奉承6.gramophone 灌音7.colossal 巨大的8.exchequer 國(guó)庫(kù)，財(cái)源 Exchequer Bond 國(guó)庫(kù)債券9.begrudge 感到不快/不滿，忌妒10.humdrum 平淡的，單調(diào)的11.moan 呻吟聲 moan about 發(fā)牢騷難句譯注1.the prerog

56、ative of Royalty或the royal prerogative 皇家的特權(quán)（再英國(guó)指國(guó)王名義上享有不經(jīng)議會(huì)認(rèn)可而采取行動(dòng)的權(quán)力）。2.People turn out in their thousands to greet them.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】turn out露面、集合、出席。EX: A vast crowd turned out to watch the match.大批觀眾到場(chǎng)觀看比賽。【參考譯文】成千上萬(wàn)的人們出來(lái)歡迎他們。3.The great days of Hollywood have become legendry.【參考譯文】好萊塢鼎盛時(shí)期成了神話。4.By todays standards, the excesses of