Unit 4 Global warming單詞和句型重點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、Unit 4 Global warming全球變暖一、詞匯e about發(fā)生；造成注意：（1）come about是不及物動(dòng)詞短語，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，常指情況不受人控制的突然發(fā)生。有時(shí)用it作形式主語，that從句作真正主語。（2） 表示“發(fā)生”的詞或短語有：happen,occur,take place,break out,都是不及物動(dòng)詞或短語，都沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。come out（花）開；出版；發(fā)行；顯露come up走近；長(zhǎng)出；發(fā)芽；被提出；發(fā)生come up with趕上；提出come across被理解；偶然碰見；無意中找到come along出現(xiàn)；進(jìn)展；跟著來come on得啦；快點(diǎn)c

2、ome to總計(jì)；達(dá)到；恢復(fù)知覺when it comes to涉及；談到 Many a quarrel comes about through a misunderstanding. The moon came out from behind the clouds. Ill let you know if anything comes up. Ill come over and see how you are coming along. I came across an old friend yesterday. When she came to, she couldnt recognize

3、 the surroundings.2.subscribe to同意；贊成；訂購(gòu)(1)subscribe vi.同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱 vt.（簽署）文件；捐助subscribeto在上簽署；向捐(2) subscription n.訂閱費(fèi)；捐贈(zèng)款 I subscribe to your suggestion. Which magazine do you subscribe to? He subscribed his name to the paper（文件）. He subscribed a large sum to the poor students.3.quantity n.量；數(shù)量in qu

4、antity 在數(shù)量上；大量地in large quantities 大量地（常修飾動(dòng)詞）a (large) quantity of+不可數(shù)名詞（謂語用單數(shù)） 可數(shù)名詞（謂語用復(fù)數(shù)）large quantities of+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（謂語都用復(fù)數(shù)） Its cheaper to buy goods in quantity / in large quantities. A large quantity of silk is sold in Japan. A large quantity of drugs are found in his home. Large quantities

5、 of rain are needed in this area.4.tend vi.趨向；易于；照顧 vt.照顧；護(hù)理(1) tend to do sth.常常會(huì)做某事；趨向于做某事 tend to / towards sth.趨于；傾向于tend (to) sb. / sth.(=look after sb./ sth.)照顧；護(hù)理(2) tendency n.傾向；偏好 have a tendency to do sth.往往會(huì)做某事 He tends to get angry when others disagree with her. His views tend towards t

6、he extreme（極端）. He was tending (to) his son when I saw him in the hospital. Jane is nice but has a tendency to talk too much. =Jane is nice but she tends to talk too much.5.go up上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起；被建造go up by上升了 go up to上升到go down下降；降低；（船）下沉go in for從事；致力；愛好；追求go without沒有也行；將就go over復(fù)習(xí)；查看go through通過；經(jīng)歷苦難；瀏覽

7、 The price of the new house in our area has gone up by 1,000 yuan per square meter（平方米）。That is（也就是說）it has gone up to 5,000 yuan per square meter. The wind has gone down a little. The country has gone through too many wars. We all go in for winter sports. New buildings are going up everywhere. We h

8、ave no beer left, so you have to go without it. The actor had to go over his lines（臺(tái)詞） many times before he got them right.6.result in 導(dǎo)致同義詞匯：cause, lead to, contribute to, bring about, give rise to(1) result from由引起(2) as a result of作為的結(jié)果；由于as a result結(jié)果 His illness resulted from bad food. He was l

9、ate as a result of the snow. As a result, he had to leave. The drivers careless driving resulted in the death of five passengers（乘客）.7.be opposed to反對(duì)(to為介詞)同義詞匯：be against, object to;反義詞匯：support, subscribe to, be for, approve ofoppose vt.反對(duì)；反抗；與較量oppose (doing) sth.反對(duì)（做）某事be opposed to (doing) sth

10、.反對(duì) Most of the students oppose having classes on Sunday. Most people are opposed to smoking in the public places. I am strongly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.8.consequence n.結(jié)果；后果；影響in consequence of/as a consequence of(=as a result of)作為的結(jié)果in consequence/as a consequence(as a result)結(jié)果是；因而t

11、ake the consequences為（自己行為的、行動(dòng)的）結(jié)果負(fù)責(zé)consequent adj.隨之發(fā)生的；由引起的consequently adv.所以；因而 Iraq（伊拉克）is still in a state of unrest(動(dòng)亂) in consequence/ as a consequence of the Gulf war（海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)）. I overslept（睡過頭）, and in consequence/ as a consequence I was late for work. Consequently, there is a strong possibili

12、ty that life can arise（出現(xiàn)） on other planets（星球）.9.state vt.陳述；說明；闡明；聲明 n.狀態(tài)；狀況vt.陳述；說明；闡明；聲明(1) state +n. / that從句/ wh-從句 聲明；說明It is stated that據(jù)宣布/據(jù)稱/據(jù)說(2) statement n.陳述；說明make a statement 作陳述；發(fā)表聲明joint statement 聯(lián)合聲明n.狀態(tài)；狀況；國(guó)家；州in a(n)state/ in state of處于的狀態(tài) He stated that he had never seen the m

13、an. It is stated that more than 30 people were killed in the accident. A government spokesperson（發(fā)言人）made a statement to the press（新聞界）. She is in a state of poor health, which worried her parents much. She was in a terrible state when we arrived.10.range n.種類；范圍 v.排列變化(1) a wide range of一系列/各種in /

14、within range (of sth.)在射程以內(nèi)；在范圍內(nèi)out of / beyond range (of sth.)在射程以外；在范圍以外out of / beyond ones range某人能力達(dá)不到ranges of一排排；多種range fromto/range betweenand在范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)；從到不等 Students have a wide range of interests. The animal is still out of/beyond (in/within) range of my gun. The price of the house is within

15、our range. The library has ranges of books. The children s ages range from 8 to 15(range between 8 and 15).11.keep on(doing) sth.繼續(xù)keep sb. doing sth.使某人處在某狀態(tài)中keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事keep back （使）后退；忍住；隱瞞keep off（使）讓開；（使）不接近keep out擋住；使不進(jìn)去keep to遵守；堅(jiān)持keep up維持；保持keep up with跟上；趕上 When the tea

16、cher came in, they still kept on talking. Nothing can keep him from carrying out（實(shí)施） the plan. The boss kept him working all day. She tried to keep back her tears. Keep your hands off my dress. Close the door to keep the dog out. We sang songs to keep up our spirits when we were marching（行進(jìn)）.We must

17、 keep up with the development of the society.12.glance vi.看一下；掃視 n.一瞥(1) glance at向一瞥（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作）glance through / over瀏覽glance round掃視(2) at first glance/sight乍看一下at a (single) glance（只）看一眼；一眼；立刻take/give a glance (at)看一下 He glanced at the envelope（信封）and recognize his uncles handwriting. He glanced throu

18、gh/over the newspaper. She glanced round the room before she left. At first glance the problem seemed very easy. Can we just take a glance at some of your products（產(chǎn)品）?擴(kuò)展：表示“看”的短語stare at瞪著眼注視 glare at怒目而視gaze at（長(zhǎng)時(shí)間無意識(shí)）凝視 glimpse at（無意識(shí)）瞥見13.on the whole大體上；基本上in general總的來說；大體上as a whole整個(gè)來看；總體上；作

19、為一個(gè)整體 Our opinions are on the whole the same. I analyzed his words as a whole. In general, our cars are reliable.14.average adj.平均的 n.平均（數(shù)）；普通水平an average of 的平均數(shù)above/up to/below (the) average高于/達(dá)到/低于平均數(shù)on (the) average按平均數(shù)計(jì)算；一般地講 An average of two students is absent each day. Toms work at school i

20、s above (the) average. Though he works hard, his marks（分?jǐn)?shù)）are still below the average. On average, over 8000 people come to Zhouzhuang a day.15.existence n.生存；存在bringinto existence使產(chǎn)生；使形成come into existence開始存在；形成；成立in existence實(shí)際存在的；現(xiàn)存的；現(xiàn)有的 The company came into existence in 1918.=The company was b

21、rought into existence in 1918. The elephant is the largest land animal （陸上動(dòng)物）in existence.16.on behalf of代表一方；作為的代言人represent vt.代表（某人、某團(tuán)體） On behalf of the school I would like to thank you all. He was represented in the court（法庭）by a famous lawyer.17.put up with容忍；忍受put forward提出 put up掛起；張貼；舉起；抬起；

22、建造；留宿put away放好；收起來 put aside把放在一邊；儲(chǔ)存put on穿上；戴上；上演 put in添上；把寫進(jìn)（信函、故事等）put out撲滅；熄滅 put off推遲put down把放下；寫下；撲滅；平息 Im not going to put up with their smoking any longer. She washed the cups and put them away. He put up a picture on the wall. She put aside a lot of money for her retirement（退休）. Let me

23、 put down your telephone number in case I forget in. Tom decided to put in a new character（人物） in his story.18.so long as只要（1） as / so long as “只要”;還可意為“與一樣長(zhǎng)，長(zhǎng)達(dá)”。so long as只能用于否定句，as long as既能用于肯定句，也能用于否定句。（2） 表示“只要”的表達(dá)法： on condition that；provided /providing that； suppose / supposing that; only if（

24、在句首，主句倒裝） So long as / As long as you have confidence in yourself, youll win. -Our holiday cost a lot of money.-Did it? Well, that doesnt matter as long as you enjoyed yourselves.19.circumstance n.環(huán)境；情況under / in the circumstances在這種情況下under no circumstances決不（位于句首，句子用部分倒裝） Under / In the circumstan

25、ces he felt unable to accept the job. Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.20.contribution n.貢獻(xiàn)(1) make a contribution / contributions to對(duì)作出貢獻(xiàn)(2) contribute v.捐助；捐獻(xiàn)；投稿contribute to有助于；促進(jìn)；導(dǎo)致contributeto向捐款；向投稿 The doctor makes a great contribution to the public health. Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health. Many people contributed money to the poor child, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote