語言學(xué)選擇題(附答案)

1、語言學(xué)A1._ A_ is the study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.A. PhonologyB. LexicographyC. LexicologyD. MorphologyC2.C_ is defined as the scientific study of language, studying language in general.A.

2、 PsycholinguisticsB. NeurolinguisticsC. LinguisticsD. Phonetics83. Which of the linguistic items listed below is best described as the smallest unit of meaning?A. the wordB. the morphemeC. the phonemeD. the clause84. A prefix is an affix which appears.A. after the stemB. before the stemC. in the mid

3、dle of the stemD. below the stemC 5. Which of the following is true? A. Phonetics is the study of pronunciation.B. Phonetics is the scientific study of the movement of sound waves.C. Phonetics is the scientific study of the sounds of language.D. Phonetics is the scientific study of the organs of spe

4、ech.D6. " What'ins a name? That which we call a roseBy any other name would smell as sweetSo Romeo would, were he not Romeo called,w (Romeo and Juliet, Act 2, Scene 2, 435)To what characteristic of language dose Shakespeare refer?A. CreativityB. ProductivityC. DualityD. ArbitrarinessA7. Lan

5、guage, as a system, consists of two sets of structures or two levels, which is known as, one of a design features of human language.A. DualityB. DisplacementC. ProductivityD. ArbitrarinessD8. The different members of a phoneme, sounds which are phonetically different but do not make one word differe

6、nt from another in meaning, are.A. phonemesB. phonesC. soundsD. allophonesA9. What is complementary distribution?A. Different places of occurrence of allophones within a word.B. When a phone can only occur at the end of a word.C. When an allophone occurs at the beginning of a word.D. Contrastive dis

7、tribution of allophonesD10.deals with the analysis and creation of words, idioms and collocations.A. MorphemeB. VocabularyC. RootD. LexiconB1. Cold and hot are called antonyms.A. complementaryB. gradableC. reversalD. converseC2. “regret that I can't help you." This is an example of.A. repre

8、sentativesB. directivesC. expressivesD. commissivesD. What is the duality of the language?A. Letters and soundsB. Sounds and symbolsC. Symbols and meaningD. sounds and meaningA4. “ bought some roses bought some flowers ".A. entailsB. presupposesC. is inconsistent withD. is synonymous withC5. Of

9、 the following linguists,should be grouped into Prague School.A. BloomfieldB. SaussureC. JakobsonD. FirthC6. Damage in and around the angular gyrus of the parietal lobe often causes the impairment of reading and writing ability, which is often referred to as acquired.A. diglossiaB. aphasiaC. dyslexi

10、aD. dysgraphiaA7.A Dictionary of the English Language established a uniform standard for the spelling and word use.A. Samuel Johnson'sB. Bishop Lowth 'sC. Firth'sD. Samuel John's88. What is phonology?A. The study of how speech sounds are made, transmitted and receivedB. The study of

11、the function, behavior and organization of speech sounds as linguistic items.C. The study of the International Phonetic Alphabet.D. The study of all possible speech sounds.D9. The morpheme cast“ in the common word “telecastis a (n).A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morphe

12、meD10. A phoneme is.A. a set of different realization of a phoneB. a set of contrastive allophones in free variationC. a set of phones in complementary distributionD. a set of phonetically similar noncontrastive phonesA1. Firstly, to which of these language groups dose English belong?A. GermanicB. S

13、lavonicC. romanceD. BalticD2. What is defined as a thstudy of sentence structure;?A. MorphologyB. SemanticsC. PhonologyD. SyntaxD3. According to Krashen,refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.A. lear

14、ningB. competenceC. performanceD. acquisitionC4. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix 3d“ in the word learned“ is known as a(n).A. derivational morphemeB. free morphemeC. inflectional morphemeD. free formC5.studies the total stock of morphemes of a language, especially those

15、items which have clear semantic references.A. PhonologyB. LexicologyC. MorphologyD. LexicographyA6. As a type of linguistic system in L2 learning,is a product of L2 training, mother tongue interference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the

16、 learner.A. interlanguageB. interferenceC. language transferD. linguistic relativityA7.means the lack of a logical connection between the form of something and its expression in sounds.A. ArbitrarinessB. AbstractnessC. AmbiguityD. FuzzinessB8. The term linguistics may be defined as a way of referrin

17、g to the approach which studies language changeover various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronicB. diachronicC. comparativeD. historical comparativeB. voicedD. assimilatedB. BritishD. RussianD9. When a speech sound changes and becomes more like another sound that follows or

18、 precedes it, it is said to beA. nasalizedC. aspiratedC10. F. de Saussure is a (n)linguist.A. AmericanC. SwissA1. N. Chomsky is a (n)linguist.A. AmericanB. CanadaC. SwissD. FrenchB2. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis has two thrusts:and.A. Linguistic description, Linguistic determinismB. Linguistic determi

19、nism, Linguistic relativityC. Linguistic relativity, Linguistic descriptionD. Linguistic determinism, Linguistic performanceA3. A special language variety that mixes or blends languages and used by people who speak different language for restricted purpose is.A. pidiginB. creoleC. dialectD. blendsB4

20、. By, we refer to word forms which differ from each other only by one sound, e.g. pin " and bin".A. complementally distributionB. minimal pairC. Adjacency pairD. code switchingA5. When two sounds never occur in the same environment they said to be in.A. complementary distributionB. free va

21、riationC. co-occurrenceD. minimal pairD6.century is considered to be the beginning of Modern English.A. 18thB. 17thC. 19thD. 16th87. Conventionally ais put in slashes.A. allophoneB. phonemeC. phoneD. morphemeD8.is a principle of scientific method, based on the belief that the only things valid enoug

22、h to confirm orrefute o scientific theory are interpersonally observable phenomena, rather than peoples s introspections or intuitions.A. MentalismB. Functional grammarC. Case grammarD. BehaviorismC9. According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future c

23、ourse of action are called C.A. expressivesB. directivesC. commisivesD. declaratives*C 10. Ais often seen as part of a word, but it can never stand by itself although it bears clear, definitemeaning.A. morphemeB. wordC. rootD. phonemeD1. Linguistics is the scientific study of.A. a particular languag

24、eB. the English languageC. human language in generalD. the system of a particular languageA2.is the language that a learner constructs at a given stage of SLA.A. InterlanguageB. IdeologyC. DialectD. InterferenceB3. Phonological rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are

25、 calledrule.A. DeletionB. SequentialC. superasegmentalD. AssimilationB 4. “Theres no direct link between a linguistic form and what it refers to ”. This is the _ view concerning the study of meaning.A. naming theoryB. conceptualistC. contextualistD. behavioristA5. English consonants can be classifie

26、d into stops, fricatives, nasals, etc. , in terms of _.A. manner of articulationB. openness of mouthC. place of articulationD. voicingA6. According to Chomsky,is the ideal user 's internalized knowledge of his language.A. competenceB. paroleC. performanceD. langueA7. _ is not a suprasegmental fe

27、ature.A. AspirationB. IntonationC. StressD. ToneA8 _ is a phenomenon that L2 learners subconsciously use their L1language in their learning process.A. Language transferC. InterferenceB. BlendingD. CooperativeC9. _ are affixes added to an existing form to create a new word, e.g. in-,-er.A. inflection

28、al morphemeB. free morphemeC. derivational morphemeD. rootB10. Writing is the secondary language form based on.A.soundB.speechC. gestureD. signC1.covers the study of language use in relation to context, and in particular the study of linguistic communication.A. SemanticsB. SociolinguisticsC. Pragmat

29、icsD.LinguisticsA2. Morphemes that represent tense", " number" gender”, case and so on are called morphemes.A. inflectionalB.freeC. boundD.derivationalC3. Which of the following is not a compound word?A. clearwayB. rainbowC. scarcityD. withoutA4. The fact that ability to speak a langu

30、age is transmitted from generation to generation by process of learning, and not genetically is referred to as.A. culture transmissionB. performanceC. competenceD. acquisitionC5.is the language of Angles, Saxons and Jutes who invaded Britain after AD 450.A. Old NorseB. CleticC. Old EnglishD. Middle

31、EnglishC6. A group of two or more consonants together in a syllable is called a (n).A. arresting clusterB. releasing clusterC. consonant clusterD. syllableC7. The semantic features of the word woman" can be expressed as.A. +ANIMATE, - HUMAN, +ADULT, +MALEB. + ANIMATE, + HUMAN, - ADULT, + MALEC.

32、 + ANIMATE, + HUMAN, + ADULT, - MALED. + ANIMATE, - HUMAN, - ADULT, - MALEA8.is to refer to an auxiliary language used to enable routine communication to take place between groups of people who speak different native languages.A. Lingua francaB. DialectC. Pidgin D. Ethnic dialectA9.is the study of t

33、he relationship between brain and language, including research into how the structure of the brain influences language learning.A. NeurolinguisticsB. PsyhcholingisticsC. Applied LinguisticsD. SociolinguisticsB10. Modern synchronic linguistics traditionally dates from the of Swiss scholar Ferdinand d

34、e Saussure.A. Syntactic structureB. Cours de Linguitique GeneralC. De Lingua LatinaD. Language and MindA1. According to the strong version of the hypothesis, language determines speakers' perceptions andpatterns their way of life.A. Sapir WhorfB. inputC. GrimD. InnatenessD2. Which of the followi

35、ng is true?A. In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form.B. A compound is the combination of only two words.C. The division of English into old English, Middle English, and Modern English is nonconventional and not arbitrary.D. If a child is depri

36、ved of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on.D3. Which of the following statements is not true?A. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.B. Language is human specificC. Language is relatively stable and systemati

37、c while parole is subject to personal and situational constraints D.The first language was invented by Adam, the first man.B 4. A group of people who do in fact have the opportunity to interact with each other and who share not just a single language with its related varieties but also attitudes to-

38、 ward linguistic norms are defined as.A. speech varietyB. speech communityC. registerD. sociolectC5. Your money or your life? ”is an example of.A. representativeB. expressiveC. directivesD. commissivesD6. Which of the following distinctive features can be used to separate p and b? _A. stopB. fricati

39、vesC. bilabialD. voicedD7.studies the total stock of morphemes of a language particularly those items which have clear semantic references.A. LexicographyB. PhonologyC. LexicologyD. MorphologyC8.theorized that acquisition of language is an innate process determined by biological factors which limit

40、the important period for acquisition of a language from roughly two years of age to puberty.A. Input hypothesisB. Interaction hypothesisC. Critical period hypothesisD. Sapir-Whorf HypothesisC9. An example of would be the change in meaning undergone by the OE word, docga, modern day dog. InOE docga r

41、eferred to a particular breed of dog, while in modern usage it refers to the class of dogs as a whole.A. semantic degradationsB. semantic reductionsC. semantic extensionsD. semantic elevationC10. According to Chomsky, the child is born with a built in set of rules, which have the specific function o

42、f enabling her to construct the grammar of her mother tongue. This view is to be seen as.A. Input hypothesisB. X-theoryC. Language acquisition deviceD. Universal grammarD1. Old" and Young" are a pair of opposites.A. complementaryB. relationalC. converseD. gradableB2. Systemic-Functional Gr

43、ammar, one of the most influential linguistic theories in the 20 th century, is put forward by.A. ChomskyB. HallidayC. FirthD. MalinowskiD3. Vowels that are produced between the positions for a front and back vowel are called vowel.A. backB. frontC. unroundedD. centralD4. From Halliday 's viewpo

44、int, language is a form of realization of rather than a form of realizationof.A. knowing, doingB. thinking, knowingC. doing, thinkingD. doing, knowingC5.believes that language learning is simply a matter of imitation and habit formation.A. The innatistB. The interactionistC. The behavioristD. The me

45、ntalistC6.studies the physical properties of speech sound, as transmitted between mouth and ear.A. Articulatory phoneticsB. Physiological phoneticsC Acoustic phoneticsD. Auditory phoneticsB7. Creativity refers to.A. the unconscious knowledge that language users have in their mindsB. the capacity of

46、language users to produce and understand an indefinitely large number of sentencesC. a property claimed to be characteristic of all languagesD. animals' capacity to learn more than oneihman languageA8. Fossilization is a process.A. in which incorrect linguistic features beca me a permanent part

47、of a learner ' s competenceB. in which incorrect as well as correct linguistic features beca me a permanent part of a learneretesicempbut the correct items gradually delete the incorrect itemsC. which can happen as a result of teachers' disapproval of an incorrect itemD.A and C are correctB9

48、. Competence" refers to.A. knowledge of meaning of words and sentencesB. a speaker ' s unconscious knowledge about his/her languageC. the actual use of a speaker ' s unconscious knowledge about his/her languageD. the laws that pertain to all languages throughout the worldA10.refers to u

49、nintentionally deviation from the adult grammar of a native speaker.A. An error B. A mistake C. A slip of the tongue D. FossilizationC1.is a multiword construction that is a semantic unit whose meaning cannot be deduced from the meanings of its constituents.A. semantic component B. collocation C. id

50、iom D. referenceB2. The distinction between langue and parole is similar to that between.A. prescriptive and descriptive B. competence and performanceC. speech and writingD. synchronic and diachronicA3. Nouns, verbs, and adjectives can be classified as.A. open class words B. grammatical wordsC. clos

51、ed class words D. function words84. What is the meaning relationship between the two words“furniture/bed ” ?A. polysemyB. hyponymyC. homonymyD. antonymy85. Which description of componential analysis for the word“ woman is right?A. +human,-adult, -maleB. +human, + adult, -maleC. +human, + adult, +mal

52、eD. +human, -adult, +male86. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation is a.A. regional dialectB. registerC. fieldD. repertoireD7. In structural grammar, distributional analysis is used to define, which are taken as the basic building blocks.A. morphemes B. words

53、 C. syllable D. phonemesD8. Speech Act Theory" was proposed by in 1962.A. Saussure B. Chomsky C. Jane Austin D. John AustinD9. The major new development in linguistics in 20th century was grammar.A. speculative B. traditional C. structural D. transformational-generativeA10.refers to the tendenc

54、y of many learners to stop developing their inter-language grammar in the direction of the target language.A. Fossilization B. Error analysis C. Overgeneralization D. InterferenceD1. The most recognizable difference between American English and British English are in and vocabulary.A. structureB. gr

55、ammarC. usageD. pronunciationC2. The study of how we do things with utterance is the study of, the nature of which is determined by context.A. context B. pragmatics C. speech act D. semanticsforA3. A(n)is a mild, indirect or less offensive word or expression that replaces a taboo word or serves to a

56、void more direct wording that might be harsh, unpleasantly direct, or offensive, e.g.die"." pass awayA. euphemisms B. delete C. coinage D. tabooB4. In many societies of the world, we find a large number of people who speak more than one language. As a characteristic of societies,inevitably

57、 results from the coming into contact of people with different cultures and different languages.A. transfer B. bilingualism C. diglossia D. inter-languageD5. Pragmatics differs from traditional semantics in that it studies meaning not in isolation, but in.A. relationship B. dependence C. sentence D. contextC6.is a design feature of human language that enables speakers to talk about a wide range of things, free from barriers caused by separation in time and space.A. cultural transmission B. duality C. displacement D. productivity87