華中師范大學(xué)讀寫譯教程1答案

1、1. beyond2. overwhelming3. suffers4. not5. uncontrollable6. detailed7. _to8. bettering9. eyesUnit OneText AII. Vocabulary A.1. were bulging with 2. multitude 3. crave 4. indulge in5. abandon themselves 6. fastidious 7. mused on 8. soothing B.1. faculty 2. besiege 3. stick to 4. laborious 5. profusio

2、n6. file out7. judicious 8. decipher 9.poignant 10. bydegreesIII. Grammar & Structure A.In Naturalist fictionpeople are often caught withinforces of nature or society that are within their understanding or control.For instance, the hero of JackLondon s To Build a Fire is crushed by the overwhelm for

3、ce of the Arctic cold. Tim Haskins, a farmer in Hamlin Garland s “Under the Lion s Paw,“ is suffered beneath an economic force that he is not equipped to fight. InThe Red Badge ofCourage Henry Fleming, the young soldier, usually must act under the shadow of larger forces that he canA know orundersta

4、nd; in Theodore Dreiser s novels the characters actions are determined by controllable social and physical factors.Naturalist writing uses a facts-only approach, a style made of detail observation of the “truth “ of human experiences. Romantic illusions, Sentiments, and idealisticsolutions A problem

5、s are all absent from Naturalistic writing. Poets as well as novelists participated in this movement: Edwin Arlington Robinson, for example, showed his characters in the harsh light of day, unromanticized, often unhappy and unfulfilled.Although Naturalist literature described the world with sometime

6、s brutal Realism, it sometimes also aimed at better the world through social reform. For example, Frank Norris and Hamlin Garland, in portraying the plight of the western and mid-western farmer, hoped to bring a desperate situation to the eye-of the American public and so to improve it. This combina

7、tion of grim reality and desire for improve is typical10. improvementof America as it moved into the twentieth century.B.1.B2. D6.A7. C3. A4. C5. B8. D9. B10. AIV TranslationMrs. Sommersfound herselfthe unexpected possessor of fifteendollars.For days,she was totally occupied with the question of inv

8、estment until she finally cameupwith a judicious plan to spend the money: she intended to buy some clothingfor herchildren. However, on her shopping day, she felt tiredand faint, and forgot to havelunch. When she sat down, trying to gather strength and courage, she suddenly encountered a pair of soo

9、thing stockings, glistening and gliding serpent-likethrough her fingers. She gave in to the temptation to buy one and got changed immediately. After that, she indulged herself in spending all the money on other luxrious items. Whenshe was sitting in the cable car to her home, she had a strong wish t

10、hat the car would never stop, but go on and on with her forever.Text BKey to ExercisesComprehension & AppreciationA.1. B. 2. C. 3. A. 4. D. 5. B. 6. A.B.1. 天氣晴朗時(shí)， 總有一位畫家?guī)е漠嫾艽粼谀莾骸?畫家們喜歡棕櫚樹生長的樣子以及旅館的顏色。這些旅館都面向花園和大海。2. 窗外的正下方，一只貓卷曲在一張正滴著水的綠色桌子下。她正盡力使身子縮緊，這樣水就不會(huì)滴到身上。3. 女仆為她舉著傘，她沿著碎石路走到了他們房間的窗子下。桌子還在那兒

11、，被雨水沖刷得格外綠，但是貓卻不見了。4. 喬治在床上移了移位置。從她開始說話起，他的眼睛就沒有離開過她。5. 門口站著女仆。她抱著一只玳瑁色的大貓。這只貓被她緊緊地?fù)г趹牙锊砘負(fù)u動(dòng)著。Unit 2Text AII. VocabularyA.1. annual2. opponents3. distinctions4.ferociously5. revered6. overlooked7. extra8. celebrityB.1.constructive2. transformation3. combat 4. status6.severelyfalling apart7. effectiv

12、e8. discouraged 9.5.cautious10.wiped outIII. Grammar & Structure A.Sports have many affinities with art. For example, figure skating, drum corps, skateboarding, artistic gymnastics, dancesport , and T ai chi can be considered artisticspectacle.Similarly, there are other activities that have elements

13、 of sport and art in its execution, such as bodybuilding, free running, martial arts, professional wrestling, performance art, yoga, dressage,and culinaryarts.Perhapsthe best exampleisbull-fighting, which inSpainreportsin the arts pagesofnewspapers.All sports involve some physical and mental activit

14、ies A are pursued for less-tha-n simply utilitarian reasons. For instance, running, when doing as a sport, occurs for reasons beyond simply moving from one place to another. Value is gained from this activity when it is conducted simply on its own sake. This is similar to the concept of aesthetic va

15、lue, which is seeing something over and above the strictly functional value coming from an objector- normal use. For instance, an aesthetical pleasing car is one which doesn t just get from A to B, but which impresses1. spectacles2. their3. is reported4. that5. more6. done7. -for8. object s9.aesthet

16、icallywith its grace, poise, and charisma. In the same way, a sporting performance such as jumping doesn t just impress as being an effective way avoiding obstacles. It impresses because of the10. to avoidability, skill,andstyle that is demonstratedin itsperformance.ofavoidin3. C4.D8. B9.D5. BB.1.B2

17、. A6.A7. CIV. Translation10. AMichael Jordan, known as “Air Jordan ” , is one of the greatest athletes of the 20th century. As a basketball player, his athletic genius was truly appreciated when he was chosen to play for the Chicago Bulls. Michael led the Bulls to four World Championships in NBAhist

18、ory, and he had been named the league s MVPfor four times. Due to his talent for basketball, Michael won great popularity of sport star in media markets, and frequently appeared in the silver screen, sport magazines, broadcasting and advertising. He had become one of the most high profile celebritie

19、s. However, Michael never took his talent for granted. He displayed an amazing capacity to improve himself through practice. Michael Jordan s real legacy is that he showed that true greatness comes from continuous pursuit.Text BComprehension & Appreciation A.1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C B.1 .姚

20、明在2002-2003 NBAW季加入了休斯敦火箭隊(duì)。而在此之前他就以在上海鯊魚隊(duì)打球 時(shí)蓋帽兇狠， 籃板球突出以及得分能力強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)征服了海外球迷。 同時(shí)他在鯊魚隊(duì)打球 時(shí)所表現(xiàn)出來的令人驚嘆的能力也為他在中國國家籃球隊(duì)獲得了一席之地。2 .姚明在球迷中的號召力為他贏得了足夠的選票。他獲得了今年NBA全明星賽西部明星隊(duì)首發(fā)中鋒的席位。這次他是在擊敗了強(qiáng)大的奧尼爾后而獲得這個(gè)令人羨慕的殊榮的。3 .自從以去年選秀狀元的身份進(jìn)入NBA以來，姚明已經(jīng)打消了許多關(guān)于他作為職業(yè)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的技術(shù)能力的猜疑。4 . 中國籃球隊(duì)員在訓(xùn)練時(shí)要求整體打球，而不是單打獨(dú)斗。實(shí)際上，在最初的幾個(gè)賽季里 中國籃球聯(lián)賽并

21、沒有球員個(gè)人的技術(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。5 . 雖然在這些廣告中姚明的臺詞很少，這是因?yàn)樗€在努力掌握英語，但他在廣告中的魅 力足以使這些廣告過目難忘。WritingSample for Writing Practice1. A man should be judged not by his words but by hisdeeds.2. The Spring Festival brings children care-free happiness and grants their parents refreshing leisure.3. Tomknew that David didn t like

22、to go there with him.4. Professor Smith is a learned , warm-hearted and helpful man.5. Helen bought a book yesterday and lost it this morning.6. The young man is honest, hard-working and reliable .7. Those who want to join the chorus should sign their names on this sheetof paper.8. After studying Le

23、sson Ten, we were given the mid-term test.9. In this war, many parents lost their sons, many wives lost their husbands, and many children lost their fathers. Thousands of promising young men missed their best years for schooling.was deeply impressed by her10. At the age of three,I became motherless

24、.11. Professor Eric met Betty at a party andUnit 3Text AII. VocabularyA.1. borrowings2. exuberance3.isflexible4.instrument5. diminishing6. was bound to7.accumulates8.dominantB.1.bound to2.expansion3. inclined to 4.accumulate5.conquest6.stabilization7. preserve8. reduce9. ingratiate10.dominantIII. Gr

25、ammar & StructureA.Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and acceptable by a majority of the speakers of 1. accepted a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality.As such, these words and expressions are well define and listed2. definedin standard d

26、ictionaries. Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speaker 3. speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered appropriate for more formal situations. Almost allidiomatic expressions are colloquial language

27、. Slang, however,4. understoodrefers to words and expressions understand by a large number of speakers but not accepted as good, formal usage by the majority.Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standarddictionaries but will be so identified. Both colloquial usage and 5. areslang is

28、-more common in speech than in writing.6. intoColloquial speech often passes A standard speech. Someslang also passes standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoymomentary popularity followed by obscurity. In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but neverthelessretains

29、them in their collective memories. Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describing_ familiarobjects andevents. It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary to the creation of a large body of slang expressions. First, the introduct

30、ion and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society; second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups; third, association among the subgroups and the majority population.Finally, it is worth to note that the termsastandard ”7. describe8. for9. noting10. beacolloquial and sla

31、ng“ exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language. Only a tiny number of the speakersof any language willB.1.A2. B6.B7. A3. C8. D4. A9. A5. A10. DA aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions. Most speakers of English will, during appropriate situations, select and use

32、all three types of expressions.IV. TranslationSince the Normans conquered England, significant and enormous changes have taken place in the English language. The Normans were speaking a form of French by 1066.After their conquest of England, Norman French was instituted as the dominant language the

33、language of the upper classes, of law, of government, and of commerce. Nevertheless, the masses of England continued speaking Anglo-Saxon. By about three hundred years after the Norman Conquest, Anglo-Saxon had re-established itself as the language of the upper classes, asEnglish . With the passage

34、of timeand changes of society, English vocabulary,including borrowings, is sharplyexpanding. Increasing use of spoken expressions can be found in written American English; and even the grammatical patterns regarded as erroneous in the past have been acceptable now. English is always changing and evo

35、lving and will adapt and endure.Text BComprehension & AppreciationA.1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. AB.1. 在現(xiàn)代的紐約市，一座新塔，聯(lián)合國大樓光彩奪目，高聳入云。然而，聯(lián)合國的夙愿以及全世界各人民的愿望卻無法得以實(shí)現(xiàn)，這源于我們當(dāng)代的巴別塔：全世界現(xiàn)在大約有三千多種語言，這還不包括那些阻礙同一土地上的民族進(jìn)行交流的各類方言。2. 采用共同語言的主要障礙之一就是，甚至在可選擇的語言上都存有混亂。一些簡化語言競相爭奪這一席之地，它們各自的支持者以政治家的熱情奮戰(zhàn)抗擊。3. 只有一種國際語言開始被人們使

36、用，且成為聯(lián)合國的工作語言，全世界的孩子都把它作為第二語言學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候， 我們才可能消除目前已有的根據(jù)旅行時(shí)間來界定的這個(gè) “世界”與我們向往的以理解與合作來界定的世界之間的障礙。4. 因?yàn)?，我認(rèn)定，如果不消除這一障礙，實(shí)現(xiàn)國際和諧只是一種奢望。我個(gè)人已經(jīng)把這個(gè)建議付諸于實(shí)踐了。5. 盡自己所能，為孩子們實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)世界一種語言的目標(biāo)，是所有美國人的責(zé)任。WritingSample for Writing Practice1. She can influence the outcome.2. Nothing may come of these preparations.3. We must take

37、 a stand on this pressing issue.4. Imagine trying to learn the rules of chess.5. The first two paragraphs create suspense.6. Miss Moody s poverty also helped form her character.7. The storm clouds suggest the danger that children sometimes ignore.8. President Clinton remained unconvinced that the Ru

38、ssians intended to disarm their nuclear weapons.9. True, but you do not want your essay filled with words that are so unimportant that they can be deleted without any loss of meaning. And readers do not appreciate having to make their way through all of those unnecessary words.10. Baseball, one of o

39、ur oldest and most popular outdoor summer sports, has a rhythm that alternates between players just waiting passively and explosive action as the batter hits a pitched ball to players in the field.Text AII. VocabularyA.1. demolish5. distillB.1. akin to2. bashful6. dictator2. seize uponUnit 43. deplo

40、rable4. stumble7. plagiarize8. intractable3. racked4. skeptical of5.accused of 6. subscribe to7. yearn8. save the day9.warp10. ExploitsIII. Grammar & StructureA.Greg Mortenson is a formal mountain climber, best-selling1. formerauthor, humanitarian, and philanthropist. His non-profit organization, th

41、e Central Asia Institute (CAI), is dedicated topromoting education,specially for girls, in remote parts of 2. _Pakistan and Afghanistan, and according to its web site, has especially established more than 140 schools there . Mortenson s book, Three Cupsof Tea, has sold more than four millions- copie

42、s and is requiredreading for U.S. servicemen binding for Afghanistan. But last3. millionfall, we began investigating complaints from former donors, boardmembers, staffers, and charity watchdogs A Mortenson and the way 4. bound he is running his non-profit organization. And we found there are serious

43、 questions about how much millions of dollars have been5. about6. /7.spent, whether Mortenson is personal benefiting, and whether some of the most dramatic and inspiring stories in his books are evenwhich personallytrue. Greg Mortenson s books have made him a publishing phenomenon and sought-after s

44、peaker on the lecture circuit,he has attained a cult-likehe brings an inspirationalstatus. And everywhere Mortenson goes, message built around a story that formsthe cornerstone of Three Cups of Tea and his various ventures 8. wherehow, in 1993, he tried and failed to reach the summit of K2, the worl

45、d s second toll-mountain, to honor his dead sister, how he9. tallest10. from5. C10. Agot lost and separated of his party on the descent and stumbled into a tiny village called Korphe.B.1.A2. B3. C4.C6.D7.A8.B9.CIV. TranslationA bombshell 60 Minutes report has left Mortenson s Three Cups of Tea memoi

46、r - which earned him millions and made him a humanitarian folk hero - in tatters. The hero in Hampton Sides went to pieces and his faith was shattered. After recalling his first moment with Mortenson, Hampton analyzed Americans longing for heroesand pointed out that heroes are not perfect at all, an

47、d thus we should accept their flaws.Text BComprehension & AppreciationA.1. B. 2. C. 3. A. 4. D. 5. B. 6. A.B.1 .我們知道宗教的好處大致可以體現(xiàn)在四個(gè)方面：社會(huì)支持，精神支持，目的和意義感， 避免冒險(xiǎn)和緊張的行為。2 .雖然這樣并不能奇跡般地減輕人們的痛苦，但是這種做法確實(shí)有助于人們培養(yǎng)一種很強(qiáng)的同情心，同情心和幸福感緊緊相連。3 .對對任何人來說，幸福的感覺都不是永遠(yuǎn)的，但是，我現(xiàn)在覺得更平靜更平和，”她說。“我確定自己對生活更加滿意。”4 .遵循某種信仰框架的無神論者和不可知論者，

48、這種信仰無論是世俗的人文精神還是純粹的科學(xué)精神，可以受益于類似從宗教中獲得的某種東西。5 .像所有的基于調(diào)查的研究一樣，研究信仰和幸福取決于參與者的坦率。一些研究者質(zhì)疑參與者會(huì)不會(huì)因?yàn)樘\而不坦白。Unit 5Text AII. VocabularyA.1. identical5. driftedB.1. Given that5. promotion9. features2. surpassed6. coincide2. poses6. ambiguities10. in the case of3. intimidate7. disrupt3. encircle7. mounted4. as

49、cribe8. overt4. documents8. thought-provoking1. by2. _in3. was4. the5. strengthenedIII. Grammar & Structure A.More people die of tuberculosis（結(jié)核?。﹖han of any otherdisease caused from a single agent. This has probably been the case for quite a while.Duringthe early stages of theindustrial revolution,

50、 perhaps one for every seven deaths in Europe s crowded cities were caused by the disease. From then on, though, western eyes, missing the global picture, saw the trouble going into decline. With occasional breaking of war,A rates of death and infection in Europe and America dropped steadily through

51、 the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 1950s, the introduction of antibiotics weakened the trend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed to be exported to6.withdrewpoor countries. Medical researchers declared victory and withdrew.They were wrong. In the mid-1980s the frequency of infection

52、s and deaths started to pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis had vanished, it came back; in many places where they had never been away, it grew worse.7.8.itestimatesThe World Health Organization estimate that billionpeople (a third of the earths population)suffer from9.kepttuberculosis.

53、 Even the infectionrate was falling,populationgrowth keep the number of clinicalcases more orlessconstant10. nearlyat 8 million a year. Around 3 million of those people died, near all of them in poor countries.B.1.2. D3. A4.5. C6.7. D8. C9.10. BIV.TranslationBy 1980, Nike had attaineda 50% marketsha

54、re inthe U.S.athletic shoe market.chosen by Advertising Age as one ofNike s first national television commercials ran in October 1982, during the broadcast of the New York Marathon. The ad was created by the advertising agency Wieden & Kennedy, which has remained Nike s prima ry ad agency. The famou

55、s sloganJust Do It for a 1988 Nike ad campaign was the top five ad slogans of the 20th century. With the ad campaign, Nike expanded its product line to encompass many sports and regions throughout the world.Text BComprehension & AppreciationA.1.2. C3. B4. D5. C6. AB.1.2.3.為了促銷產(chǎn)品，廣告商通常會(huì)強(qiáng)調(diào)性感及迷人身材的重要性，

56、使消費(fèi)者過分注重自身形象。經(jīng)常接觸這類以女性為對象的廣告會(huì)使女性更關(guān)注自己的身材，的一種衡量手段。許多健康專家也表示擔(dān)心： 女性中普遍存在著對身材的錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識,但研究人員關(guān)心的是這會(huì)并把身材作為自身價(jià)值這種對身材的錯(cuò)誤觀念也許是經(jīng)常同廣告中倡導(dǎo)的纖細(xì)身材相比而形成的。4.研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，過分節(jié)食來獲得理想的身材可能是誘發(fā)厭食癥的一個(gè)重要原因。5.盡管患有厭食癥的絕大多數(shù)是女孩，但是專家相信男孩中患有厭食癥的數(shù)量在不斷上 升。許多的病例沒有報(bào)告出來，因?yàn)槟行圆辉赋姓J(rèn)自己患有任何在女性中高發(fā)的疾病。Unit 6Text AII. VocabularyA.1. pledge2. split3. shieldinheriting 5. formulated 6. endeavor 7. Bonds B. 1. undo 2. reject3. endeavorup 6. renewal 7. eradicate 8. committed4.9.4.end up8. is greatly at oddsshiel