國際法答案及題

1、提醒：練習(xí)題給你們，告訴大家考試時(shí)注意時(shí)間，在一個(gè)半小時(shí)以后才可以交卷?？荚嚂r(shí)不要把這個(gè)練習(xí)題帶在身邊，特別是不要留在考試的教室里。練習(xí)題知識點(diǎn)：聯(lián)合國憲章第二條規(guī)定的聯(lián)合國及其會員國應(yīng)尊循的諸項(xiàng)原則 中，第一個(gè)原 則是（ ）。在劃界時(shí)， 依據(jù)一般管轄原則， 當(dāng)界河因自然原因發(fā)生改造道時(shí)， 如改變是緩慢的， 則界線應(yīng)（）我國民航法頒布于（） 。第一次以法律形式提出人權(quán)概念和人權(quán)內(nèi)容的法律文件是（ ）。 國際法之所以是法律，是因?yàn)椋ǎ?從以下各項(xiàng)中，享有司法豁免權(quán)的有（） 一美國人在日本將一伊朗人殺死，后潛逃英國， （）。南沙群島屬于我國領(lǐng)土的依據(jù)是（） 。 所有國家的飛機(jī)和船舶可自由通過的區(qū)域

2、是（） 通常所稱的 “三個(gè)反劫機(jī)公約 ”指（）。根據(jù)外層空間條約和登記條約 ，發(fā)射國應(yīng)就（）向聯(lián)合國秘書長報(bào)告登記。在人權(quán)問題上具有法律拘束力的國際文件有（ ）。 近代國際仲裁的特點(diǎn)是（ ）。 現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭法上普遍接受的原則有（ ）。本質(zhì)上屬于雙邊聯(lián)合國憲章 是當(dāng)今世界上最大的國際組織聯(lián)合國的組織文件， 國際條約。 （ ）聯(lián)合國國際法委員會的主要只能是從事國際法的編纂。 （ ） 名詞解釋（英語生用英語作答，俄語生用漢語作答。共3小題，第 1、 2題每題 3分，第 3 小題為 4 分，總分為 10分）1. 國際法的概念 /The concept of International law：2. 條約

3、/Treaty3. 國家繼承 /State Succession答： 1.International law used to be defined as the law that governs the relations between states, only states were subjects of international law.2. Treaty means an international agreement concluded between States in written form and governed by international law, whethe

4、r embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments and whatever its particular designation.3. State succession is defined as the replacement of one state by another in the responsibility for the international relations of territory, and thus falls into the jurisdiction of intern

5、ational law.簡答題(第 1、2、 3小題，英語生、俄語生都用漢語作答，第4、5小題英語生用英語回答，俄語生用漢語作答。每小題6分，共 5小題，總分為 30分)1. (6) 簡述不干涉內(nèi)政原則的基本內(nèi)容2. (6) 簡述國籍取得的幾種情形3. (6) 簡述沿海國對領(lǐng)海的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。4. (6)國際法的淵源 /Sources of International Law5. (6) 國際的基本權(quán)利義務(wù) /Basic rights and duties of states 答：4、The court, whose function is to decide in accordanee wit

6、h international law such disputes as are submitted to it, shall apply: (1 分) (a) international conventions, whether general or particular, establishing rules expressly recognized by the contesting States;( 1 分) (b)international custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law;(c)the general

7、 principles of law recognized by civilized nations; (2分) (d) subject to the provisions of art 59,judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law. (2分)國際法院將適用的國際法淵源有：國際條約( 2分)、國際習(xí) 慣( 2 分)、各國

8、承認(rèn)的一般法律原則( 1 分)、司法判例( 1 分)等。5、( 1) Right of independenceArticle 1 Every State has the right to independence and hence to exercise freely, without dictation by any other State, all its legal powers, including the choice of its own form of government.(2分)(2) Right of equalityArticle 5 Every State has

9、the right to equality in law with every other State. ( 1 ) 平等的代表權(quán)和投票權(quán)( 2)平等的締約權(quán)( 3)平等的豁免權(quán)( 4)平等的尊榮權(quán)( 5)平等的位次權(quán) ( 2 分)( 3) Right of self-defense ( 1 分) Article 12 EveryState has the right of individual or collective self-defense against armed attack. （ 4）Right of jurisdiction（1 分）論述題（英語生用英語作答， 俄語生用漢語作

10、答。 每小題 10分，共1小題， 總分為 10分）1.（10） 國際法與國內(nèi)法的關(guān)系 /The relationship between the international law and domestic lawThe main question is whether international law and municipal law are part of a universal legal order or whether they form two distinct systems of law. Historically, there have been two schools

11、of thought. （2 分）Monism considers international law and municipal law to be part of a universal legal order. Since they operate in the same sphere of influence and are concerned with the same subject matter, they come into conflict. Where a conflict does arise, it is international law that prevails.

12、 （ 2 分）Dualism considers international law and municipal law to constitute two separate legal orders which exist independently of one another. Conflicts between the two systems may arise and the manner in which the conflict is resolved depends upon the forum in which it arises. In international trib

13、unals, it is international law which will prevail, whereas municipal courts will apply in municipal law.（2 分）Some writers have suggested that the monism/dualism dichotomy is unhelpful and instead argue that, since international law and municipal law constitute separate legal orders governing differe

14、nt subject matters, no real conflict can arise and apparent conflicts are dealt with by the conflict of law rules of the particular forum.State practice is characterized by the adoption of either the transformation or incorporation doctrine, or a combination of the two. （ 2 分）Transformation refers t

15、o the express and specific adoption of a rule of international law by the municipal law system. Transformation will usually be carried out by the enactment of a municipal statute. The transformation doctrine provides that no rule of international law will become part of municipal law unless it is specifically included.Incorporation avoids the need for new legislation, since it denotes the view that rules of international law are autom