新概念 二 Lesson 78 The last one？

1、Lesson 78The Last One? Does your father of another family member smoke? What do you think of smoking entitle v. 以.為名；授權(quán) if something entitles you to something, it gives you the official right to have or do it那本小說被命名為傲慢與偏見。那本小說被命名為傲慢與偏見。 The novel is entitled Pride and Prejudice. 這個(gè)執(zhí)照授權(quán)你可以賣藥。這個(gè)執(zhí)照授權(quán)你可

2、以賣藥。 This license entitles you to sell drug. Women employees are entitled to a maternity leave of three months.女性員工有權(quán)利休三個(gè)月的產(chǎn)假。女性員工有權(quán)利休三個(gè)月的產(chǎn)假。 be entitled to (do) sth.對(duì)對(duì).享有權(quán)利享有權(quán)利, 值得值得; 有有(做某事做某事)的資格的資格權(quán)利權(quán)利記憶記憶: en動(dòng)詞前綴，使動(dòng)詞前綴，使.+ title標(biāo)題標(biāo)題 = 使有標(biāo)題）使有標(biāo)題） calm v. 使鎮(zhèn)定；使鎮(zhèn)定；I gave the frightened child some

3、candies to calm him.我我給那個(gè)嚇壞了的小孩一些糖果使他安靜下來。給那個(gè)嚇壞了的小孩一些糖果使他安靜下來。 adj. 平靜的；平靜的；After a night of storm, the sea is now calm.一夜暴風(fēng)雨一夜暴風(fēng)雨過后，大?，F(xiàn)在很平靜。過后，大海現(xiàn)在很平靜。詞組拓展：詞組拓展： keep calm保持鎮(zhèn)定保持鎮(zhèn)定 calm down鎮(zhèn)定下來鎮(zhèn)定下來 calm before the storm暴風(fēng)雨前的平靜暴風(fēng)雨前的平靜相關(guān)表達(dá)：相關(guān)表達(dá)： calmness n.平靜平靜, 冷靜冷靜, 鎮(zhèn)靜鎮(zhèn)靜詞義辨析：詞義辨析： calm, peaceful, q

4、uiet, still calm (relaxed and quiet, not angry, nervous, or upset)主要用于主要用于氣候、海洋氣候、海洋“風(fēng)平浪靜的風(fēng)平浪靜的”，也可指人表示，也可指人表示“安靜的安靜的”、“鎮(zhèn)靜鎮(zhèn)靜的的” The sky is blue, and the sea is calm.天空碧蘭，海上風(fēng)平浪靜。天空碧蘭，海上風(fēng)平浪靜。 Although she was frightened, she answered with a calm voice.雖然她害怕，但還是用平靜的聲音回答。雖然她害怕，但還是用平靜的聲音回答。 幾個(gè)意思相近的詞： Pea

5、ceful(a peaceful time, place, or situation is quiet and calm without any worry or excitement)指指“和平的和平的”表示表示“沒有騷擾和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的沒有騷擾和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的”，如：，如： a peaceful environment和平環(huán)境。和平環(huán)境。 quiet (not making much noise, or making no noise at all)指指“ 沒有吵鬧聲的沒有吵鬧聲的”、“ 沒有噪音的沒有噪音的”,它強(qiáng)調(diào)它強(qiáng)調(diào)“聲音很低、很少聲音很低、很少” 或或“全然無聲全然無聲”, 如如: He had

6、 a quiet life.他過著寧?kù)o的生活。他過著寧?kù)o的生活。 still (quiet and calm)指指“沒聲音的沒聲音的”、“沒動(dòng)靜沒動(dòng)靜的的”, 如如: the still hours before dawn黎明前的寂靜時(shí)刻。黎明前的寂靜時(shí)刻。 nerve n. 神經(jīng) EE英譯：the feeling of being nervous because you are worried or a little frightened他在演講的時(shí)候緊張死了。 He was a bundle of nerves when making the speech.我喝了一大杯啤酒來鎮(zhèn)定我的神經(jīng)。

7、 I drank a large glass of beer to calm my nerves. 詞組拓展： get on sb.s nerves使人心煩不安；使人心神不定 strain every nerve竭盡全力相關(guān)表達(dá)：nervous adj.神經(jīng)緊張的，不安的 concentration n. 集中，專心集中，專心周圍這么多噪音，我?guī)缀醪荒軐Ｐ淖x書。 I can hardly concentrate on reading with all that noise around.作為一個(gè)同聲傳譯工作者，我必須非常集中精神地聽和翻譯。 As a simultaneous translat

8、or I must listen and translate with great concentration.相關(guān)表達(dá)： concentrate v. 集中記憶點(diǎn)撥： con（全部）centr（中心）ation（名詞后綴）（全部在中心） suffer v. 受苦，受害； EE：to experience physical or mental pain to be in a very bad situation that makes things very difficult for you （受損失） 我有嚴(yán)重的頭疼病。 I have been suffering from a bad he

9、adache.我的奶奶突然就去世了，沒受什么痛苦。 My grandmother died suddenly and didnt suffer. The enemy forces suffered heavy casualties.敵方軍隊(duì)傷亡損失很大。 stand(to be able to accept or deal well with a difficult situation = tolerate)指精神上堅(jiān)毅，有決心： The pain was too intense to stand. 痛苦強(qiáng)烈得無法承受。 Suffer(to experience physical or men

10、tal pain)側(cè)重指順從和克制 He suffered their insults in silence. 他默默忍受他們所施加的傷害。 Tolerate(to be able to accept something unpleasant or difficult, even though you do not like it)主要用于指除痛苦之外的一些事情，含有盡管保留但勉強(qiáng)接受之意辨析辨析 :bear，endure(容忍）容忍），stand，suffer,tolerate（承認(rèn)，忍受）（承認(rèn)，忍受） bear (to bravely accept or deal with a pain

11、ful, difficult, or upsetting situation = stand) 廣義的指容忍各種事情的能力 He cant bear people smoking while hes eating.他受不了別人在他吃飯的時(shí)候吸煙。 endure(to be in a difficult or painful situation for a long time without complaining)尤指長(zhǎng)期面對(duì)痛苦、艱難的能力：There are limits to what the human body can endure.人體的忍耐力是有限的 symptom n. som

12、ething wrong with your body or mind which shows that you have a particular illness癥狀；癥狀；a sign that a serious problem exists征征兆兆 Symptoms include headaches and fever.癥狀包括頭疼和發(fā)燒。 Cough is one of the symptoms of having pneumonia.咳嗽是肺炎的癥狀之一。 The trike is a symptom of the delcination of economy. 這次罷工是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰

13、退的征兆。 The crime rate is a symptom of social unrest. 犯罪率是社會(huì)不安定的征兆。 temper n. a tendency to become angry suddenly or easily脾氣脾氣當(dāng)他看到室友正在用他的牙刷時(shí)他大發(fā)脾氣。 He lost his temper when he saw his roommate using his toothbrush. If he can not learn how to contro his temper, he will lost his job.如果他不能學(xué)會(huì)控制他的脾氣，他就會(huì)失去工作

14、。詞組拓展： keep ones temper忍住氣；不發(fā)火 lose ones temper發(fā)火；生氣 out of temper發(fā)火；動(dòng)怒相關(guān)表達(dá)： good-tempered adj.好脾氣的 bad-tempered adj.壞脾氣的 ill-tempered壞脾氣的 even-tempered好脾氣的 temperamant n.氣質(zhì)，性格 a nervous temperament易緊張的性格 appetite n. 胃口，食欲吃了太多冰激凌讓我都沒胃口了。 Too much ice cream spoiled my appetite. 游泳讓我胃口大增。 Swimming giv

15、es me a great appetite. 詞組拓展：lose/have/spoil/give appetite失去食欲，有食欲，破壞食欲，促進(jìn)食欲諺語:Appetite comes with eating. 諺胃口越吃越大(貪得無厭)。 A good appetite is a good sauce. 諺饑不擇食。 produce v. to show, bring out, or offer something so it can be seen or considered 拿出；生產(chǎn)；n. 農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品 The old man produced his passport to the o

16、fficer with trembling hands.老人用顫抖的雙手把護(hù)照拿給長(zhǎng)官看。 If you can not produce more evidence, you will be sentenced to death.如果你不能拿出更多的證據(jù)你就會(huì)被判死刑。 Grapes produced in this farm are maily used to make wine.這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)產(chǎn)出的葡萄主要用于造酒。相關(guān)表達(dá)： product n.產(chǎn)品，產(chǎn)物 production n.生產(chǎn) yield v.出產(chǎn), 生長(zhǎng) urge v. to strongly advise someone to

17、do something力勸，慫恿；n. 強(qiáng)烈欲望 Jack urged me to resign and start my own business. JACK慫恿我辭職自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。 I urged that you consider this decision carelly. 我勸你仔細(xì)考慮這個(gè)決定。 I felt a sudden urge to smoke.我有強(qiáng)烈的想吸煙的欲望。相關(guān)表達(dá)： urgent adj.急迫的，緊張的 satisfaction n. a feeling of happiness or pleasure because you have achieved so

18、mething or got what you wanted滿意，滿足她從幫助別人的過程中得到很大的滿足感。 She got great satisfaction from helping others. He looked at his painting with a smile of satisfaction.他看著他的畫，露出滿意的微笑。相關(guān)表達(dá)： satisfy v.使?jié)M意 satisfactory adj.令人滿意的 satisfied adj.感到滿意的dissatisfaction n.不滿 delighted,adj. very pleased and happy 欣喜的 We

19、 are delighted that the president will be watching our performance.總統(tǒng)將要觀看我們的演出，我們很高興。 We are delighted to know our best friend had a lovely baby. 我們欣喜的得知我們最好的朋友生了一個(gè)可愛的孩子。 Jone was delighted when she received the admissions letter from Harward University. Jone接到哈佛大學(xué)的錄取通知書時(shí)非常高興。相關(guān)表達(dá)： delight n. 欣喜詞義辨析

20、： 都含“快樂”、“愉快” 意思的詞語 pleasure delight joy pleasure （the feeling of happiness, enjoyment, or satisfaction that you get from an experience）是常用詞, 指“以任何形式表現(xiàn)出的或默默的快樂與滿足”。如:幫助你是我的快樂。 Its my pleasure to help you. delight（a feeling of great pleasure and satisfaction）語意比pleasure 強(qiáng), 指“極大的快樂”, 尤指“以一種活潑的態(tài)度表現(xiàn)出來的快

21、樂”, 如: The child clapped his hands in delight.那孩子高興得拍起手來。 joy （great happiness and pleasure）指“高興地表現(xiàn)出來的更強(qiáng)烈的快樂和愉快的情緒”, 如: Success brought her great joy.成功給她帶來極大的快樂。Qs to the textuWhat did the author do after reading an article entitled Cigarette Smoking and Your Health?uWhy did his wife suffer during

22、the week when he didnt smoke?uWhat did his friends do during that week?uWhat happened at the party? 【課文講解】 1、After reading an article entitled Cigarette Smoking and Your Health I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. an article entitled 題名為的文章在英語中，文章名與書名中的每個(gè)單詞的第一個(gè)字母均大寫，不在開頭位置的連詞、冠詞、小品詞除外。 lit （light，li

23、ght） v. 點(diǎn)燃 I lit a cigarette. lighted adj. 被點(diǎn)燃的 This is a lighted cigarette.2、My friends kept on offering cigarettes and cigars.keep on doing sth. = continue doing sth. 持續(xù)不斷的做持續(xù)不斷的做The child was crying loudly, but he kept on watching TV.cigar n. 雪茄雪茄offer sb. sth. 給某人某物給某人某物 3、They made no effort to

24、 hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket. make every effort 盡全力，盡一切努力 He made every effort to get/at getting the job. make no effort 根本不作努力，毫不費(fèi)力 make no effort to persuade him She wrote the letter with/without effort. 她費(fèi)力/毫不費(fèi)力地寫了那封信。 make effort + to do sth. 努力做 no

25、 matter when = whenever 無論何時(shí) no matter who = whoever 無論是誰 no matter where = wherever 無論在哪里 no matter how 無論怎樣 4、When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear. was more than I could bear = I couldnt bear more than后面跟一個(gè)從句或一個(gè)形容詞時(shí)可以表示“超出”（多用于口語）： He was more than

26、 pleased with his new room. This was more than I had expectd. 5、Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. anyway 不管如何 Anyway I love him. Thank you anyway. point out = explain 指出，指明 Why didnt you point out his mistake to him at that time? He pointed out th

27、at we still had to get a few other things.【Special Difficulties】與 keep 有關(guān)的短語動(dòng)詞keep on +doing sth. 反復(fù)，持續(xù)My friends kept on offering me cigarettes.He kept on saying that he was tired. 他不斷地說他累了。他不斷地說他累了。keep off 不靠近，從不靠近，從離開離開Keep off the flower bed. 請(qǐng)勿進(jìn)入花壇。請(qǐng)勿進(jìn)入花壇。Keep your hands off the food. 別動(dòng)吃的東西。別

28、動(dòng)吃的東西。keep away from （使（使）不靠近，避開）不靠近，避開Why do you always keep away from me?你為什么總躲著我？你為什么總躲著我？Keep the children away from the river. 別讓孩子們?nèi)ズ舆叀e讓孩子們?nèi)ズ舆?。keep it up 不松勁，保持成績(jī)，繼續(xù)下去不松勁，保持成績(jī)，繼續(xù)下去Youve made much progress. Keep it up! 你已取得了很大進(jìn)你已取得了很大進(jìn)步。繼續(xù)努力！步。繼續(xù)努力！keep up with 跟上，不落在后面In order to keep up with his classmates, he worked harder than ever.為了跟上同學(xué)，他比以往任何時(shí)候都更努力。為了跟上同學(xué)，他比以往任何時(shí)候都更努力。keep out （使）留在外面，（使）不進(jìn)入（使）留在外面，（使）不進(jìn)入He shut all the doors and windows to keep out the