[國家公務員考試密押題庫]銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬14

1、國家公務員考試密押題庫銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬14國家公務員考試密押題庫銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬14銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬14一、經(jīng)濟金融基礎(chǔ)知識單項選擇題在每題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的。問題:1. 金融市場按融資的期限劃分，可以分為_和資本市場。A.發(fā)行市場B.貨幣市場C.拆借市場D.債券市場答案:B解析 金融市場按融資的期限劃分，可以分為貨幣市場和資本市場。貨幣市場工具是期限在1年以內(nèi)的金融工具，包括商業(yè)票據(jù)、國庫券、銀行承兌匯票、大額可轉(zhuǎn)讓定期存單、同業(yè)拆借、回購協(xié)議等。資本市場工具是期限在1年以上的金融工具，包括股票、企業(yè)債券、國債等。問題:2. 以下哪項不屬于宏觀經(jīng)濟學研究的基本問題?_

2、A.經(jīng)濟增長B.充分就業(yè)C.通貨膨脹D.市場競爭答案:D解析 宏觀經(jīng)濟政策的目標是實現(xiàn)充分就業(yè)、經(jīng)濟增長、物價穩(wěn)定和國際收支平衡，市場競爭屬于微觀經(jīng)濟學的研究范疇。問題:3. 決定需求的首要因素是_。A.消費者的偏好B.商品的價格C.消費者的實際需要D.家庭收入多少答案:B解析 價格是影響需求的最重要的因素。一般來說，價格和需求的變動成反方向變化。問題:4. 假定邊際消費貨幣是0.75，則投資乘數(shù)k應為_。A.1B.2C.3D.4答案:D解析 投資乘數(shù)：k=1/(1-)=1/(1-0.75)=4。問題:5. 對消費者需求量影響最大的是_。A.消費者的偏好B.價格因素C.消費者的收入D.替代商品

3、的價格和數(shù)量答案:B解析 影響消費者需求的因素有：消費者的偏好；替代商品的價格和數(shù)量；互補品的數(shù)量和價格；消費者的收入；消費者對未來價格的預期。雖然上述因素對消費者的需求量會產(chǎn)生很大的影響，但對消費者需求量影響最大的仍然是價格因素。二、銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)類專業(yè)單項選擇題在每題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的。問題:1. 某村村民以種植有機蔬菜為主要經(jīng)濟來源。為保證新鮮蔬菜及時運送到城區(qū)，村中兩名蔬菜種植大戶合資修建了一條連通城市道路的村級公路，并允許其他村民免費使用。根據(jù)這一事例，下列說法錯誤的是_。A.其他村民可以“免費搭車”B.允許未付費者使用，有損于社會資源配置的帕累托效率準則C.村級公

4、路修建的成本不一定非由全體村民承擔D.允許未付費者使用，可能會導致無人愿意修建村級道路答案:B解析 本題考查公共物品的相關(guān)知識。村民修建的村級公路，允許其他村民免費使用，類似于公共物品，并不有損于社會資源配置的帕累托效率準則。問題:2. 金本位制度下匯率制度的特點是實行_。A.有管理的浮動匯率B.人為的固定匯率C.自發(fā)的浮動匯率D.自發(fā)的固定匯率答案:D解析 金本位制度下的匯率制度是自發(fā)的固定匯率制度。問題:3. 我國目前用于衡量價格總水平變動的基本指標是_。A.居民消費價格指數(shù)B.同定資產(chǎn)投資價格指數(shù)C.工業(yè)品出廠價格指數(shù)D.企業(yè)間交易價格指數(shù)答案:A問題:4. 發(fā)生貨幣危機的國家在匯率制度

5、方面的共同特點是_。A.實行自由浮動匯率制度B.實行聯(lián)系匯率制度C.實行有管理浮動匯率制度D.實行固定匯率和帶有固定匯率色彩的盯住匯率制度答案:D解析 發(fā)生貨幣危機的國家在匯率制度方面的共同特點是實行固定匯率和帶有固定匯率色彩的盯住匯率制度。問題:5. 狹義的貨幣不包括_。A.紙幣B.硬幣C.定期存款D.活期存款答案:C解析 狹義貨幣是一個宏觀經(jīng)濟學概念，在經(jīng)濟學中以M1表示，其計算方法是社會流通貨幣總量加上商業(yè)銀行的所有活期存款；廣義貨幣是一個經(jīng)濟學概念，在經(jīng)濟學中以M2來表示，其計算方法是社會流通貨幣總量加上活期存款以及定期存款與儲蓄存款。問題:6. 在我國貨幣層次劃分中，M0通常是指_。

6、A.企業(yè)單位的活期存款B.流通中的現(xiàn)金C.居民儲蓄存款D.銀行全部存款答案:B解析 M0是指流通中的現(xiàn)金，即銀行體系外流通的現(xiàn)金。問題:7. 下列利率決定理論中，_理論強調(diào)投資與儲蓄對利率的決定作用。A.馬克思的利率論B.流動偏好論C.可貸資金論D.實際利率論答案:D解析 實際利率理論強調(diào)非貨幣的實際因素在利率決定中的作用，認為儲蓄和投資是決定利率的兩個重要因素。該理論認為，儲蓄形成資本的供給，投資形成資本的需求，正如商品的價格是由商品的供求決定一樣，資本的價格或使用資本的報酬利率，是由資本的供給(儲蓄)和資本的需求(投資)二者之間的均衡所決定。問題:8. 假如在某個發(fā)展中國家名義利率為8%，

7、通貨膨脹率為17%，則實際利率為_。A.25%B.1.36%C.-9%D.9%答案:C解析 實際利率=名義利率-通貨膨脹率。問題:9. 金融工具的流動性是指_。A.金融工具能迅速變現(xiàn)B.金融工具能迅速轉(zhuǎn)讓流通C.金融工具能在金融市場上簡便快捷地轉(zhuǎn)讓變現(xiàn)而不致遭受損失D.金融工具能在金融市場上以市場價格迅速變現(xiàn)答案:C解析 金融工具的流動性是指金融工具在金融市場上能夠迅速地轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)金而不致遭受損失的能力，它主要通過買賣、承兌、貼現(xiàn)與再貼現(xiàn)等交易來實現(xiàn)。問題:10. 下列不屬于商業(yè)銀行進行債券投資的目標的有_。A.提高資本充足率B.降低資產(chǎn)組合的風險C.平衡流動性和盈利性D.提高銀行聲譽答案:D解

8、析 商業(yè)銀行進行債券投資的目標是平衡流動性和盈利性，降低資產(chǎn)組合的風險，提高資本充足率。問題:11. 政府發(fā)行公債后，可以利用“擠出效應”使民間部門的投資_。A.期限變長B.效益增加C.規(guī)模減小D.規(guī)模增大答案:C解析 本題考查緊縮性財政政策的相關(guān)措施。發(fā)行公債是緊縮性財政政策措施之一，政府發(fā)行公債后，可以利用“擠出效應”使民間部門的投資規(guī)模減小。問題:12. 下列不屬于中央銀行的業(yè)務范圍的是_。A.收取并保管銀行存款準備金B(yǎng).為財政部開設(shè)財政收支賬戶C.為大型國有企業(yè)提供貸款D.在債券市場上購進國債答案:C解析 中央銀行的負債業(yè)務主要包括貨幣發(fā)行業(yè)務；代理國庫業(yè)務，即中央銀行經(jīng)辦政府的財政收

9、支，執(zhí)行國庫的出納職能，如接受國庫的存款，替政府發(fā)行債券，還本付息等；存款業(yè)務，主要是集中存款準備金業(yè)務和其他存款業(yè)務。中央銀行的資產(chǎn)業(yè)務主要包括再貼現(xiàn)和再貸款業(yè)務，即全國商業(yè)銀行存在中央銀行的存款準備金，構(gòu)成中央銀行吸收存款的主要部分；對政府的貸款，我國規(guī)定，中國人民銀行不得對政府財政透支，不得直接認購、包銷國債和其他政府債券，不得向地方政府、各級政府部門提供貸款；金銀和外匯儲備業(yè)務；證券買賣業(yè)務，主要是買賣政府發(fā)行的長期和短期債券。問題:13. 在金融系統(tǒng)中，直接經(jīng)營各種存貸業(yè)務的是_。A.中央銀行B.商業(yè)銀行C.保險公司D.證券公司答案:B解析 在金融系統(tǒng)中，直接經(jīng)營各種存貸業(yè)務的是商業(yè)

10、銀行。問題:14. 我國目前實行的中央銀行制度屬于_。A.單一型中央銀行制度B.復合型中央銀行制度C.跨國的中央銀行制度D.準中央銀行制度答案:A解析 當今世界存在很多種中央銀行制度，我國實行的是單一型的中央銀行制度。問題:15. 貨幣政策的首要問題是指_。A.貨幣政策的中介指標B.貨幣政策目標C.貨幣政策傳導機制D.貨幣政策工具答案:B解析 在貨幣政策中，貨幣政策的目標選取是其首要內(nèi)容。問題:16. 財政出現(xiàn)赤字，對貨幣供應量的影響主要取決于_。A.赤字的多少B.彌補赤字的時間C.彌補赤字的地點D.彌補赤字的辦法答案:D解析 財政支出大于財政收入，出現(xiàn)赤字，對貨幣供應量的影響如何，主要取決于

11、財政赤字的彌補辦法。如果社會總需求膨脹，又采用透支的辦法彌補，就會引起國民收入超額分配，必然導致貨幣失衡。問題:17. 在黃金外匯儲備與貨幣供應量的關(guān)系中，除黃金外匯儲備量影響貨幣供應量外，對貨幣供應量有影響的因素還有_。A.金價、匯價的變動B.信貸收支狀況C.財政收支狀況D.總需求、總供給狀況答案:A解析 除黃金外匯儲備量影響貨幣供應量外，金價、匯價的變動對貨幣供應量也有較大的影響。問題:18. 銀監(jiān)會規(guī)定，商業(yè)銀行的超額備付金比率不得低于_。A.1%B.2%C.3%D.5%答案:B問題:19. 貨幣供不應求，利率上升；貨幣供過于求，利率下降。因而適當調(diào)節(jié)利率水平，就可以直接調(diào)節(jié)_。A.投資

12、支B.消費支出C.出口量D.貨幣供求答案:D解析 四個選項中，只有D選項與貨幣有關(guān)，因此選D。問題:20. 從理論上講，工資上漲過快容易導致_通貨膨脹。A.需求拉上型B.成本推動型C.輸入型D.結(jié)構(gòu)型答案:B解析 工資是勞動力成本，工資上漲過快，容易造成成本推動型通貨膨脹。三、銀監(jiān)財經(jīng)類專業(yè)多項選擇題下面各題，每題至少有兩個正確答案。問題:1. 金融市場的功能包括_。A.資金積聚功能B.宏觀調(diào)控功能C.交易功能D.資源配置功能 A B C D答案:ABCD解析 本題考查金融市場的功能。金融市場的功能包括：資金積聚功能、財富功能、風險分散功能、交易功能、資源配置功能、反映功能、宏觀調(diào)控功能。問題

13、:2. 關(guān)于總需求曲線和總供給曲線的表述正確的有_。A.總需求曲線是一條向右下方傾斜的曲線B.總供給曲線是一條向右下方傾斜的曲線C.從長期看，總供給曲線是一條垂直線D.從短期看，總供給曲線一般應是一條向右上方傾斜的曲線 A B C D答案:ACD解析 總需求曲線向右下方傾斜，總供給曲線的形狀需要區(qū)分短期和長期。短期總供給曲線向右上方傾斜；長期總供給曲線是一條垂直線。問題:3. 股票價格的確定取決于_。A.票面金額B.利率C.收益D.物價水平 A B C D答案:BC解析 股票一般都是永久性投資，沒有償還期限，因此其價格確定主要取決于收益與利率兩個因素，與股票收益成正比，而與市場利率成反比。問題

14、:4. 投資性金融機構(gòu)包括_。A.投資銀行B.證券經(jīng)紀和交易公司C.投資基金D.信用合作社 A B C D答案:ABC解析 投資性金融機構(gòu)是在直接金融領(lǐng)域內(nèi)為投資活動提供中介服務或直接參與投資活動的金融機構(gòu)，主要包括投資銀行、證券經(jīng)紀和交易公司、金融公司、投資基金等。問題:5. 實行集中統(tǒng)一的監(jiān)管體制的原因是_。A.取決于銀行機構(gòu)提供金融服務的水平B.取決于金融監(jiān)管的水平C.取決于金融自由化和金融創(chuàng)新的發(fā)展程度D.集中監(jiān)管體制具有明確的分工 A B C D答案:ABC解析 實行集中統(tǒng)一監(jiān)管體制的原因主要有三點：第一是取決于銀行機構(gòu)提供金融服務的水平。銀行機構(gòu)的多元化發(fā)展程度越高，就越能夠為工商

15、企業(yè)提供全方位、高質(zhì)量的服務。第二是取決于金融監(jiān)管的水平。金融監(jiān)管水平越高，控制和防范金融風險的能力就越強，也就有能力和條件實行混業(yè)經(jīng)營、集中監(jiān)管。第三是取決于金融自由化和金融創(chuàng)新的發(fā)展程度。金融自由化為金融機構(gòu)混業(yè)經(jīng)營提供基礎(chǔ)，同時金融創(chuàng)新也為貨幣市場和資本市場的更加緊密聯(lián)系提供了新的工具。四、英語閱讀理解題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 We once had a poster competition in our fifth grade art class. "You could win prizes" our teacher

16、told us as she wrote the poster information on the blackboard. She passed out sheets of construction paper while continuing, "The first prize is ten dollars. You just have to make sure that the words on the blackboard appear somewhere on your poster." We studied the board critically. Some

17、of US looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard, rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that ten-dollar grand prize, each and

18、every one of us. I'm going to spend mine on candies, one hopeful would announce, while another practiced looking serious，wise and rich. Everyone in the class made a poster. Some of us used parts of those fancy paper napkins, while others used nothing but colored construction paper. Some of us us

19、ed big designs, and some of us preferred to gather our art tidily down in one corner of our poster and let the space draw the viewer's attention to it. Some of us would wander past the good students' desks and then return to our own projects with a growing sense of hopelessness. It was yet a

20、nother grown-up trick of the soil they seemed especially fond of making all of US believe we had a fair chance，and then always rewarding the same old winners. I believe I drew a sailboatbut I can't say that with any certainty. I made it. I admired it. I determined it to be the very best of all o

21、f the posters I had seen, and then I turned it in. Minutes passed. No one came along to give me the grand prize, and then someone distracted me, and I probably never would have thought about that poster again. I was still sitting at my desk, thinking, What poster? When the teacher gave me an envelop

22、e with a ten-dollar bill in it and everyone in the class applauded for me. 1. What was the teacher's requirement for the poster? _A.It must appear in timeB.It must be done in classC.It must be done on a construction sheetD.It must include the words on the blackboard答案:D解析 細節(jié)理解題。由第二段末句，老師說的話“You

23、just have to make sure that the words on the blackboard appear somewhere on your poster”可知。2. The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means _.A.formed an idea forB.made an outline forC.made some space forD.chose some colors for答案:A解析 詞義猜測題。上下句是Some.Other.句式，“while we conjured up our desig

24、ns”的對應部分是“while deep in thought”，可見conjured up的意思是“思考，想象”，故選A。3. After the teacher's words, all the students in the class _.A.looked very seriousB.thought they would be richC.began to think about their designD.began to play games答案:C解析 細節(jié)理解題。由第三段可知。4. After seeing the good students' designs,

25、 some students _.A.loved their own designs moreB.thought they had a fair chanceC.put their own designs in a comerD.thought they would not win the prize答案:D解析 細節(jié)理解題。由第四段倒數(shù)第二句“Some of us would wander past the good students' desks and then return to our own projects with a growing sense 0f hopeless

26、ness”可知。5. We can infer from the passage that the author _A.enjoyed grown-up tricks very muchB.loved poster competitions very muchC.felt surprised to win the competitionD.became wise and rich after the competition答案:C解析 推理判斷題。由“alwaysalwaysrewarding the same old winners,”“I can't say that with a

27、ny certainty”和“I probably never would have thought about that poster again”等可推斷出，作者對得獎還是驚訝的。 Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are uniquea speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brai

28、n generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: Whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at

29、 Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world's only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: Among themselves, students signed differently from his clas

30、sroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混雜英語). But Stokoe believed the "hand talk" his students used looked r

31、icher. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: Have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as "substandard". Stokoe's idea was academic heresy (異端邪說). It is 37 years later. Stokoenow devoting

32、 his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf cultureis having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like Engli

33、sh, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (調(diào)節(jié)) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. "What I said," Stokoe explains, "is that language is not mouth stuffit's brain stuff." 6. The st

34、udy of sign language is thought to be _.A.a new way to look at the learning of languageB.a challenge to traditional views on the nature of languageC.an approach to simplifying the grammatical structure of a languageD.an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language答案:B解析 細節(jié)理解題。由第一

35、段的第三句話：“They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: Whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior"句意是：手語提供了一種新方式來探索大腦生成和理解語言的方式，同時也為一個古老的問

36、題提供了新的思維，這個古老的問題是“語言是與生俱來的還是后天習得的”。故選B。7. The present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by _.A.a famous scholar in the study of the human brainB.a leading specialist in the study of liberal artsC.an English teacher in a university for the deafD.some senior experts in American Sign Lan

37、guage答案:C解析 細節(jié)理解題。由第一段的最后一句話“The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work uf one rebel teacher，”這里的has roots in詞組是指“根源于”，應該和題目里的stimulated意思相近。可以看到這位先驅(qū)者是一位教師(one rebel teacher)，其所在的學校是專門教育聾人的文科大學(liberal arts university for deaf people)。這位老師是教授什么科目的呢?下一段開頭給出了答案“When Bill St

38、okoe went to Gallaudet to teach English”，科目是英語。答案應該是C。8. According to Stokoe, sign language is _.A.a Substandard languageB.a genuine languageC.an artificial languageD.an international language答案:B解析 推理判斷題。由第三段中的“He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language?”這里雖然使用了疑問句的形式，但實際上應該是Stokoe的觀點所在，根據(jù)是該段最后一句話“Stokoe's idea was academic heres