外研版必修三第四單元語言點解析

1、Language Points major （1）adj. (數(shù)量、大小、程度等數(shù)量、大小、程度等)較較大的，較多的，較大范圍的；主要大的，較多的，較大范圍的；主要的，重要的；嚴重的的，重要的；嚴重的（2）n. 主修科目；專業(yè)；主修某主修科目；專業(yè)；主修某專業(yè)的學生專業(yè)的學生 （3）vi. 主修主修 (常與常與in連用連用)1、a major disaster 一個主要災害【語境展示【語境展示】 1) The major part of the audience began laughing. 大部分觀眾笑了起來。大部分觀眾笑了起來。2) The road to be completed ne

2、xt week will be a major transport line for the city. 下周要完工的這條公路將成為該城市的下周要完工的這條公路將成為該城市的主要交通線。主要交通線。3) They suffered some major setbacks during the fighting. 他們在這次戰(zhàn)斗中遭受了嚴重的挫折。他們在這次戰(zhàn)斗中遭受了嚴重的挫折。4). He is a history major. / His major is history. 他是主修歷史的學生。他是主修歷史的學生。/ 他的專業(yè)是他的專業(yè)是歷史。歷史。5). She majored in p

3、hilosophy when she was studying at Harvard. 在哈佛上大學時，她主修哲學。在哈佛上大學時，她主修哲學。2、Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it. 科學家們已嘗試過許多方法解決這個問題，在中國，一場大規(guī)模的幫助解決沙塵暴問題的行動已經(jīng)開始了。 句型:(1)help sb.(to)do (2)help(to)do3、 “To have been caught i

4、n a sandstorm was a terrible experience,” he said. “遭遇沙塵暴是一種可怕的經(jīng)歷，” 他說。 （1）不定式的完成被動式“to have been caughtin a sandstorm”作句子的主語。 （2）be caught in 遭遇 eg.I was caught in the rain.我被雨淋了。 (3）不定式的一般形式所表示的動作，通常與主要謂語所表示的動作（狀態(tài)）同時發(fā)生或是在它之后發(fā)生；假如不定式所表示的動作在謂語所表示的動作（狀態(tài)）之前發(fā)生，不定式就要用完成式。 I am glad to have seen your mot

5、her.(= I am glad I have seen your mother.) I am glad to see you.比較：比較：catch up with 趕上趕上catch hold of 抓住抓住catch fire 著火著火catch sight of 看見看見 catch短語4、“There was nothing to be done. It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation Ive ever been in. You just had to hope youd survive. I tho

6、ught I was going to disappear under the sand.”(1)There was nothing to be done. 毫無辦法。 There was nothing to do. 沒事可做。 (2) situation n. 位置位置,地位地位,形勢形勢,情況情況,處境處境這個房子的地點很好。這個房子的地點很好。The house has a fine situation.形勢非常復雜。形勢非常復雜。The situation was complicated.*政治局勢政治局勢 political situation*經(jīng)濟局勢經(jīng)濟局勢 economic

7、situation (3)survive vt.& vi. 活下來，幸存，保存下來活下來，幸存，保存下來 洪水過后，幸存者極少。洪水過后，幸存者極少。 Few survived after the flood.1 類似的形容詞還有類似的形容詞還有:exciting, interesting, disappointing, puzzling, surprising, shocking, astonishing, moving, amusing, boring, encouraging, delighting, inspiring, pleasing, tiring, worrying 等等. （

8、4）frightening 令人害怕的令人害怕的,令人恐怖的令人恐怖的frightfrightenfrighteningfrightenedfrightfuln.驚嚇 v.使害怕 adj.嚇人的 adv.害怕的 adj.可怕的類似的還有類似的還有:excited, interested, disappointed, puzzled, surprised, shocked, astonished, moved, amused, bored, encouraged, delighted, inspired, pleased, tired, worried等。等。2 與與frightening 對應(yīng)

9、的形容詞是對應(yīng)的形容詞是 frightened “感到害怕的感到害怕的, 感到恐懼的感到恐懼的”鞏固練習鞏固練習1. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring 由于由于Mr. Smith對那個對那個令人厭煩令人厭煩的演講的演講感到厭倦感到厭倦，他開始讀起了小說。，他開始讀起了小說。2. Its believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the

10、 readers. A. interested, interest B. interesting, be interested C. interested, be interesting D. interesting, interest 人們認為要是一本書人們認為要是一本書有趣有趣的話，那么它的話，那么它肯定會肯定會使使讀者讀者感興趣感興趣。3. The headmaster is really annoyed! Look at his _ look. A. frightened B. frightening C. fright D. frighten校長真的生氣了！看看他校長真的生氣了！看看

11、他讓人害怕讓人害怕的的表情表情5、part of .的一部分 eg. He walked part of the way home with me. There is but one China and Taiwan is part of China.6、Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. “沙漠化”導致沙塵暴近幾年在中國似乎有所增加. appear vi. (1)出現(xiàn)、呈現(xiàn)、顯現(xiàn) (2)顯得、看來、似乎 A bus appeared aro

12、und the corner. They appeared not to know what was happening. She appeared to be in her late thirties.7、This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because beople cut down trees and dig up grass. 這是由于氣候變化和人類砍伐樹木、鏟除草皮而使土地變成沙漠的一個過程。 This is a process that hap

13、pens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass. = Because of climate changes, trees being cut down and grass being dug up, land becomes desert and desertification happens. cut down【語境展示【語境展示】1) Most of the trees are being cut down and the

14、forest is in danger of disappearing. 大部分樹正在被砍倒，這個森林面臨著消大部分樹正在被砍倒，這個森林面臨著消 失的危險。失的危險。2) We must cut down our expenses. 我們必須縮減我們的開支。我們必須縮減我們的開支。3) Youd better cut the article down to about 2,000 words.你最好能把這篇文章壓縮到兩千字左右。你最好能把這篇文章壓縮到兩千字左右?！究偨Y(jié)歸納【總結(jié)歸納】cut down 砍倒；削減，縮減；減少砍倒；削減，縮減；減少【拓展【拓展】cut in 插話插話cut u

15、p 切碎切碎cut off 切斷切斷(電，氣，水，電話等電，氣，水，電話等)【即學即練】【即學即練】 用以上所學用以上所學cut短語的適當短語的適當 形式填空。形式填空。1. When he failed to pay this bill, the company _ his electricity.2. He always _ the pizza before he eats it.3. Its impolite to _ when other people are talking.4. _ too many trees without planting some will make the

16、 environment worse.cut offcut upcut inCutting down8. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. 本句中含有一個本句中含有一個make復合結(jié)構(gòu)：復合結(jié)構(gòu)：make + it + adj. + to do。在。在makes it difficult to see 中，中，it是形式賓語，形容詞是形式賓語，形容詞difficult 作賓語補足作賓語補足語語,

17、 不定式短語不定式短語to see作真正的賓語。常用于作真正的賓語。常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞還有：這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞還有：think, find, believe, feel, suppose等；用作真正賓語的可以是動等；用作真正賓語的可以是動詞不定式、動詞詞不定式、動詞-ing形式和從句。形式和從句。 如：如：We found it difficult to get along with him.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)與他相處很難。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)與他相處很難。We thought it wrong wasting our time.我們認為浪費我們的時間是不對的。我們認為浪費我們的時間是不對的。He found it

18、strange that no one else had arrived.他發(fā)現(xiàn)奇怪的是沒有其他人來。他發(fā)現(xiàn)奇怪的是沒有其他人來。9. forecast( fore-構(gòu)成名詞和動詞“預先”，cast “描述” forename名字 foresee 預見 foretell預言 forewarn 預先告誡 )【語境展示【語境展示】1) Experts are forecasting a fall in unemployment. 專家預測失業(yè)人數(shù)將下降。專家預測失業(yè)人數(shù)將下降。2) The report forecasts that prices will rise by 3% next mont

19、h. 報告預測下月物價將上漲報告預測下月物價將上漲3%。3) He is forecasting what the weather will be like tomorrow. 他在預測明天會是什么天氣。他在預測明天會是什么天氣。4) The weather forecast says it will be fine tomorrow. 天氣預報說明天將是晴天。天氣預報說明天將是晴天?！究偨Y(jié)歸納【總結(jié)歸納】forecast vt. 預測預測, 預報，后可以跟名詞或從句。預報，后可以跟名詞或從句。n. 預報預報, 預測預測, 預料預料注意注意：forecast的過去式和過去分詞有的過去式和過去分

20、詞有兩種形式，即兩種形式，即forecast, forecast和和forecasted, forecasted。10. When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. adviseadvise用作動詞，表示用作動詞，表示“勸告；建議；通知勸告；建議；通知”，常，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)： 建議做某事：建議做某事：advise doing sth.advise doing sth. 建議某人做某事：建議某人做某事：advise sb.to do sth.advise sb.

21、to do sth. 建議（某人）別做某事：建議（某人）別做某事： advise (sb.) against sth.advise (sb.) against sth. advice (sb.)against doing sth. advice (sb.)against doing sth. advise sb.not to do sth. advise sb.not to do sth. advise + that advise + that從句從句 從句要采用虛擬語氣，即從句要采用虛擬語氣，即“should + should + 動詞原形動詞原形” 或或“動詞原形動詞原形”* preven

22、tfrom doing 阻止、防止阻止、防止干干 大雨使他們不能按時到達那里。大雨使他們不能按時到達那里。 The heavy rain prevented them from getting there on time.* prevent(from) doing = stop (from) doing/keepfrom doing 疾病使他無法上學。疾病使他無法上學。 His illness kept him from going to school. Sorry to keep you waiting so long.11、to prevent it coming nearer,. 為阻止沙漠的逼近為阻止沙漠的逼近.課文短語翻譯課文短語翻譯一個接一個的一個接一個的突然遭遇突然遭遇照料照料, 照看照看建議某人干某事建議某人干某事幾個世紀以來幾個世紀以來的結(jié)果的結(jié)果one after another be caught in look after advise sb. to do sth as a result of for centuries 蘇