[高一英語]高一時態(tài)-現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時

1、Module2 Unit1Grammar and usagePresent perfect tenseand present continuous tense Task 1: 現(xiàn)在完成時的概念及構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時的概念及構(gòu)成:have / has + 過去分詞過去分詞概念：概念：現(xiàn)在完成時主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成現(xiàn)在完成時主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或過去發(fā)生的動作還未結(jié)束，一直持續(xù)的影響，或過去發(fā)生的動作還未結(jié)束，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)?，重點(diǎn)在于對現(xiàn)在的影響。即到現(xiàn)在或?qū)?，重點(diǎn)在于對現(xiàn)在的影響。即“過去過去+現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成： 表示動作發(fā)生在過去某個不確定的時間，表示動作發(fā)

2、生在過去某個不確定的時間， 但對現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。常但對現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。常 被被just，already，yet 等副詞修飾。等副詞修飾。 1) 她喪失了她的書她喪失了她的書. She _her books. 2) 我們剛好清掃了教室。我們剛好清掃了教室。 We _the classroom. 3) 我還沒有完成我的作業(yè)。我還沒有完成我的作業(yè)。 I _my homework yet. Practice: has losthave just cleaned havent finished2. 表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或?qū)掖蔚膭幼?，表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或?qū)掖蔚膭幼鳎F(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)，

3、一般漢語譯為現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一般漢語譯為“過，過，常帶有常帶有twice, ever, never, three times等等時間狀語時間狀語 。Translation (Pair work) I have never heard of that before. Have you ever ridden a horse?We have been to the Great Wall many times.我之前從未聽過那件事。我之前從未聽過那件事。你曾經(jīng)騎過馬嗎？你曾經(jīng)騎過馬嗎？我們已去過長城屢次。我們已去過長城屢次。3.表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在

4、的動作或狀態(tài)。這個動作可能剛停止，在的動作或狀態(tài)。這個動作可能剛停止，也可能仍在進(jìn)行。常和也可能仍在進(jìn)行。常和for，since，in the past/in the last , all this week, so far，up to now等表示一段時間的等表示一段時間的狀語連用狀語連用。 I_ (not see) her these days.I_ (not see) her these days. She _(learn) English for 3 years. She _(learn) English for 3 years. They _(live) here since 199

5、0. They _(live) here since 1990. What _(happen) to the USA in What _(happen) to the USA in the last 350 years?the last 350 years?I _(hear) nothing from her up to now. Fill in the blanks:havent seen has learnthave livedhas happened注意注意：表示短暫動作的詞，如：表示短暫動作的詞，如come, go, arrive,leave, die, marry, buy, joi

6、n等的完成時不能等的完成時不能與與for, since等表示一段時間的短語連用。等表示一段時間的短語連用。 have heard他已經(jīng)參軍三年了。他已經(jīng)參軍三年了。He has been in the army for three years . =He joined the army three years ago.=It is / has been three years since he joined the army. Translation:4. 以下句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時。以下句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時。1) It is/ has been +段時間段時間+ since +從句從句(過去時

7、過去時)2) This/It is the first/second/time that + 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時3) This/That/It is the best/ finest/ most interesting + n. +that+現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時e.g. Its/ It has been 3 years since they got married.Its the first time that I have been to the Great Wall.This is the most interesting film that I have seen. Exercise:

8、 (Group work)Read the diary entry and then complete it using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets on P8.Answers: (2) saw (3) has visited (4) loves (5) hasnt visited (6) has seen (7) has never met (8) has travelled (9) has found (10) hasnt found (11) Has, been ComparisonsPresent perfect tense S

9、imple past tenseTask 31 _ you _ my pen? Yes, I _it on your desk just now. (see)2 _ you _ dinner? Yes, I _ it with Mary. (have)3 _the postman_ yet this morning? _ the postman_ this morning? (come)HaveHavehadDidHasThe present perfect tense and the simple past tenseseencomecomehadsaw歸納：區(qū)分歸納：區(qū)分:一般過去時與現(xiàn)在

10、完成一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時時*時間上有差異：凡有具體的過去時時間上有差異：凡有具體的過去時間，均用一般過去時，不能用現(xiàn)間，均用一般過去時，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時，如：在完成時，如：ago, last year, just now, the other day 等。等。*結(jié)果上有差異：現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)的結(jié)果上有差異：現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)的是是 “現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果，動作到現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果，動作到現(xiàn)在剛完成或還在繼續(xù)；一般過去在剛完成或還在繼續(xù)；一般過去時強(qiáng)調(diào)的動作發(fā)生在過去，和現(xiàn)時強(qiáng)調(diào)的動作發(fā)生在過去，和現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。在沒有關(guān)系。 - _you _him around the museum yet? - Ye

11、s. We had a great time there. A. Have; shown B. Do; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show2. - How is the old man now? - Sorry, he _ though they did all they could to save him. A. was dead B. had died C. has been dead D. died3.She said she would telephone but we _ from her so far. A. havent heard B. didnt

12、hear C. hadnt heard D. wont hear4. The train had gone when my brother _at the station. A. have arrived B. arrived C. had arrived D. am arrivingADABTask 4: 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的概念及構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的概念及構(gòu)成:have / has been +現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時是一兼有現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時是一兼有現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時二者根本特點(diǎn)的時態(tài)。由于它有現(xiàn)在完成時的時二者根本特點(diǎn)的時態(tài)。由于它有現(xiàn)在完成時的特點(diǎn)

13、，所以它可以表示某一動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)特點(diǎn)，所以它可以表示某一動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響。由于它有現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特點(diǎn)，所以它果或影響。由于它有現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特點(diǎn)，所以它也可以表示某一動作的延續(xù)性、臨時性、重復(fù)性、也可以表示某一動作的延續(xù)性、臨時性、重復(fù)性、生動性乃至感情色彩。生動性乃至感情色彩。 表示動作從表示動作從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在，這個動作可能，這個動作可能已經(jīng)結(jié)束已經(jīng)結(jié)束，也可，也可 能將能將繼續(xù)下去繼續(xù)下去。 Practice: 1) 我一直等了你兩個小時。我一直等了你兩個小時。I _for you for two hours.2) 雨已經(jīng)下了三

14、個小時了。雨已經(jīng)下了三個小時了。It _for three hours.have been waitinghas been raining2. 有些有些不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的動詞不能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的動詞，如，如be， have, like， love， know， see， hear等，等，同樣同樣也不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，而只能用現(xiàn)在也不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，而只能用現(xiàn)在完成時完成時。 1) 她已經(jīng)病了好久了她已經(jīng)病了好久了 She _for a long time. 2) 我好久沒有見到你了我好久沒有見到你了 I _you for ages. has been illhave not seenE

15、xercise: (Group work)Read the website of Dr Frank and then complete it using the correct tense on P9. have been observing have been talking have been taking have seen have been writing1990-present: Crop circles are so interesting1990-present: Crop circles are so interesting to study!I(4) crop circle

16、s too.have been studyingComparisonsPresent perfect tense Present perfect continuous tenseTask 61. 現(xiàn)在完成時側(cè)重動作的完成性；現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成時側(cè)重動作的完成性；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時側(cè)重動作的進(jìn)行性。進(jìn)行時側(cè)重動作的進(jìn)行性。We have read the novel .We have been reading the novel. 我們已經(jīng)讀完了這部小說。已讀完我們已經(jīng)讀完了這部小說。已讀完我們一直在讀這部小說。一直在讀我們一直在讀這部小說。一直在讀 The country life he was u

17、sed to _ greatly since 1992. A. change B. has changed C. had changed D. changed 2. We _our neighbors yet, so we dont know their names. A. dont meet B. wont meet C. havent met D. hadnt met II. Multiple Choice: 3. Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C.

18、 came D. am coming4. Im terribly sorry for being late, but I _ the wrong bus. A. catch B. had caught C. caught D. catching9. _ David and Vicky _ married? For about three years. A. How long were; being B. How long have; got C. How long have; been D. How long did; get10. They _ this house three years

19、ago and they _ here since then. A. buy; lived B. bought; lived C. bought; have lived D. have bought; have lived11. She _ her mothers work since she was admitted into hospital. A. is doing B. has been doing C. has done D. has been done _ that dress when I first saw you at the station? A. Were you wea

20、ring B. Have you worn C. Did you wear D. Do you wear13. Kate doesnt look very well. Whats wrong with her? She has a headache because she _ too long; she ought to stop work. A. has been reading B. had read C. is reading D. was reading14. “Tell the students to stop shouting. We _ our essays . A. write B. have been writing C. are writing D. have written15. - The former president was caught at last. - Really? Where _ himself? A. ha