人教版八年級英語上冊unit3精講筆記

1、Unit 3 精講筆記A知識點1Sam plays them better than Tom. 薩姆比湯姆敲的好?！局v解】better意為更好地，較好地，在此處是副詞well的比較級,修飾動詞play。 Good better best Well-better-best 比較級往往用在兩者之間的比較，最高級用在三者或三者以上比較 She sings very well, but Jim sings better than her.她歌唱的很好，但是吉姆比她唱的更好?！炯磳W(xué)活用】 No one can sing_ than her. A. good B. well C. better D. be

2、st 知識點2 Sam has longer hair than Tom. 薩姆的頭發(fā)比湯姆長。 【講解】 （1）這是一個含有形容詞的比較級的句子。比較級用于兩者或者兩類事物的比較，意為更，較。通常用從屬連詞than連接，表示比較。 She has more books than he does. 她的書比他的多。 （2）than是從屬連詞，意為比，用于形容詞或副詞的比較級之后，引出比較的對象，并且比較的對象前后要一致比較的對象前后要一致。 He is taller than me. 他比我高。 （3）比較級的結(jié)構(gòu)： A+ be+形容詞比較級+than +B； A +have/has +形容詞

3、比較級+名詞+than +B My bike is more expensive than that one. 我的自行車比那個貴。 I have shorter legs than Pipi. 我的腿比皮皮的腿短。 【即學(xué)活用】 1.The box was _than I thought. I was out of breath(氣喘吁吁) when I got home. A. more heavier B. much heavier C. heavy D. very heavy 2.Jim is 40 kg. Tom is 38 kg. Tom is _ than Jim. A. tal

4、ler B. thinner C. heavier D. fater 3.根據(jù)中文完成句子. (1) 我比我的弟弟大三歲. Im_ than my brother. (2) 這棵樹要比那棵樹高. This tree_ than that one. (3) 你比他矮. You are_ than him. (4) 他比你更強壯. He is _than you.知識點3. 形容詞比較級和最高級規(guī)則變化詞詞 尾尾 變變 化化原級原級比較級比較級最高級最高級單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er(比較級)或-est(最高級)以字母e接尾的詞加-r或-sttall hard large TallerHarderlar

5、gerTallestHardestlargest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫輔音字母再加er或estbig hot thin BiggerHotterThinnerBiggestHottestthinnest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-er,或-esthappy dry HappierdrierHappiestdriest少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞可加-er或-estnarrow clever NarrowerclevererNarrowestcleverest多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more 和most difficult popular Mor

6、eMost 【即學(xué)活用】 （一）比較級與最高級形式： long_ _ wide _ _ heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _ happy_ _ unhappy_ fat _ _ far_ _ quickly _ _badly _ _brightly_ _ (二)用所給詞的正確形式填空： 1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever). 2. Gold(黃金) is _ (little) useful than iron(鐵).3. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I. 4. Johns par

7、ents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child. 5. The _ (cheap) bags are not usually the best ones. 6. The short one is by far _ expensive of the five.7. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings _(well) in her cl

8、ass. 9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house. 10. This dress is _ than that one. (expensive) 知識點4 比較級的常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)： 1. A+ be+形容詞比較級+ than +B ( A比B.) A+實義動詞+副詞比較級+ than +B Tom is taller than Jim. I got up earlier than my mother. 2. A +be+(倍數(shù))+形容詞比較級+ than +B ( A比B幾倍) A+實義動詞+(倍數(shù))+形容詞比較級+ than +B This

9、 room is three times bigger than that one. He runs three times faster than his brother. 3. A+ be +the +形容詞比較級+of the two+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 ( A是兩者中比較的) Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. 4. 比較級+and+比較級 / more and more+原級 ( 越來越) He is getting taller and taller. She is more and more beauti

10、ful. 5. the+比較級，the+比較級 （越, 越） The more you careful, the fewer mistakes you will make. 6.疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級，A or B ？ Which is bigger, the earth or the moon? 7.疑問詞+實義動詞+副詞比較級，A or B ？ Who draws better， Jenny or Lucy？ 常接的修飾形容詞比較級的前置詞有： Much / a lot / far +形容詞比較級 (得多) a lot better 好多了 A bit / a little +形容詞比

11、較級 ( 稍微) a little earlier 早一點 Even+形容詞比較級 (甚至更) even more useful 甚至更有用 【活學(xué)即用】 1. Tony is not as clever as Lucy, but he works_ than her. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest 2. This room is too small, we should find a _one. A. big B. smaller C. bigger D. biggest 3. the more you smile, the_ you

12、 will feel. A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happy 4. who is _, you or he? A. clever B. cleverer C. cleverest D. more clever 5. Jack runs as _as Sam. A. faster B. fast C. fastly D. more fast 6. 她越來越漂亮了 _ 知識點5 Thats Tara, isnt it? 那是塔拉，是嗎？ 【講解】 本句式反意疑問句。反意疑問句是指陳述句后附加一個簡短問句，征詢肯定或否定的意見，或者希望陳述句所說的

13、內(nèi)容得到證實。 反意疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)如下： (1)肯定的陳述句+否定的簡短問句 She is a good student, isnt she? 她是個好學(xué)生，是吧？ -Yes，she is. 是的，她是。 -No, she isnt. 不，她不是。 (2)否定的陳述句+肯定的簡短問句 Pipi didnt go to school yesterday, did he?皮皮昨天沒有去上學(xué)，是吧？ -yes，he did. 不，他去了。 -no，he didnt. 是的，他沒去。 回答反意疑問句，答語含義是依據(jù)。 肯定事實用yes， 否定事實no來替。 【即學(xué)活用】 1.He didnt go to

14、 the park yesterday, did he? -_. He was ill yesterday. A. Yes, he did B. No, he did C. No, he didnt D. Yes, he didnt 2. Theres not much news in todays paper, _? A. isnt it B. are there C. is there D. arent there 3. The manager came here in a car, _? A. was he B. did he C. wasnt he D. didnt he 4. You

15、 are not a new member, are you? - _. I joined only yesterday. A. No, Im not B. Yes, Im not C. No, I am D. Yes, I am 知識點6 Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉學(xué)習(xí)和蒂娜一樣努力。 【講解】 Asas 意為和一樣 , asas中間用形容詞或副詞的原級 (as +形容詞原級/副詞原級+as）,其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為not asas，意為不像那樣 I gets up as early as Jim. 我和吉姆起得一樣早。 She isnt as beautiful a

16、s you. 她沒你漂亮。 同級比較口訣： 同級比較用原級，asas 永不離 若是否定加not， asas否前者 not加在asas前，說明兩者有區(qū)別 not加在soas前，后者總比前者強。 【即學(xué)活用】Lihuas shoes are as _as Zhanghuis. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. not cheap 知識點7 Oh, which one was Lisa? 哦，哪一個是麗莎？ 【講解】 Which在此問句中做形容詞，后跟名詞，意為哪一個。 which city does she live? 她住在哪一個城市？ Which還可做疑問代

17、詞： which is your best friend, Tom or Lucy? 哪一個是你最好的朋友，是湯姆還是露絲？ 【即學(xué)活用】 你想要哪一個蘋果？ _ 知識點8 Hard-working，hard work，work hard 【講解】 【即學(xué)活用】 The _boy always does _and _. A. hard-working, works hard, hard work B. works hard, hard-working, hard work C. hard-working, hard work, works hard D. works hard, hard-wo

18、rking, hard workHard-working形容詞形容詞，努力工作的，勤勉的a hard-working boyHard work名詞短語名詞短語，辛苦的工作，hard是形容詞，修飾不可數(shù)名詞workthis is hard work, but I like it.Work hard動詞短語動詞短語，努力工作，hard是副詞，修飾動詞workhe works hard 知識點9 You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 不過，你能看出來，麗莎真的很想贏。 【講解】 (1)Though在此做副詞意為可是，不過，然而，常用

19、于口語 中，一般放在句尾。 It was a hard job. He took it, though. 這是分苦差事，可他還是接受了。 (2)Though還可做連詞，意為雖然，盡管，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，此時可以和although互換 Though/Although he was ill, he worked hard. 雖然他生病了，但是他仍然努力工作。 (3) though/although 表示雖然，盡管時，不能和but連用在一個句子中。(與此類似的還有because和so)【即學(xué)活用】1._Lin Feng has to work late,_ he always wears a smi

20、le on her face. A.Because, so B. though, but C. Although, but D. Though, /2. She always buys cheap clothes_ she is rich enough.A. although B. but C. though D. and 3. 雖然你比他高，但是你沒他強壯。_than him, _4.雖然他是一個努力學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生，但是他沒有Lucy聰明。_5.因為他起床晚了，所以他不想去上學(xué)了。_Unit 3 精講筆記B 知識點1 Truly cares about me. 確實關(guān)心我 【講解】(1)Care

21、 about 是動詞短語，意為關(guān)心，在意。 Care用作動詞對在意，相當(dāng)于mind，about為介詞，后接動詞ing形式 care for 喜歡 take care = be careful 小心，當(dāng)心 take care of 照顧，照看 (2)truly為副詞，意為真正，確實，常位于系動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞之后，實義動詞之前。 【即學(xué)活用】I hope everyone can care about_ the environment and stop _things. A. Protecting，wasting B. protecting，to waste C. protect，wasti

22、ng D. protect， to waste 知識點2 Makes me laugh 使我笑 【講解】 （1）Make 使役動詞，意為使，制作，讓 . Make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事，make后接不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)：1.make+賓語+動詞原形（賓補）讓做某事 2.make +賓語+形容詞（賓補） 使 （2）此處Laugh作不及物動詞，意為發(fā)笑，常用短語 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 Dont laugh at me! 不要嘲笑我！ 【即學(xué)活用】 1.You look so tired. -My mother makes me _playing t

23、he piano for 2 hours every day. A. practice B. to practice C. practicing D. practiced 2.His talk show is very funny. It always makes people_. A. laugh B. laughing C. laughed D. to laugh 知識點3 Thats why I like reading books and I study harder in class. 那就是我為什么喜歡讀書而且在班里學(xué)習(xí)更努力的原因 【講解】 （1）thats why 意為那就是的

24、原因，常用于句首，后面常接結(jié)果。Why引導(dǎo)的句子在此句中作be動詞的表語，是表語從句 I got up late, and thats why I missed the bus. 我起床晚了，那就是我沒趕上公共汽車的原因。 （2）thats because表示那是因為,后面常接原因 He missed the bus; thats because he got up late. 他錯過了公共汽車，那是因為他起床晚了。 【即學(xué)活用】 她生病了，那就是她昨天沒有去上學(xué)的原因。 _ 知識點4 Im shy so its not easy for me to make friends. 我很害羞，所以

25、交朋友對我來說并不容易。 【講解】 (1) Its +adj. +for sb. to do sth. 是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為做某事對某人來說是的，該結(jié)構(gòu)中it是形式主語，真正的主語時后面的動詞不定式to do結(jié)構(gòu)。句中的形容詞為描述事物特征的詞，如easy，difficult，hard，important，dangerous，necessary等 表示對某人而言時，其后的介詞用for (sb.) Its very important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every day. (2) 當(dāng)此句型中的形容詞是描述人物品質(zhì)及性格特征的詞，如kind，clev

26、er, good, nice, polite, helpful時其后用介詞of (sb.) It is kind of you to help me with my English. 你真善良,幫我學(xué)英語 【即學(xué)活用】 對我來說，學(xué)英語很難_ 你真樂于助人，幫我做家庭作業(yè) _ 知識點5 I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different 我真的不在乎我的朋友是否和我一樣或與我不同 【講解】 (1)If 在此作連詞，意為是否，if在此引導(dǎo)的句子是主句I dont really care的謂語動詞care的賓語，所以叫做

27、賓語從句。 I dont know if he is at home. 我不知道他是否在家 (2)if 可以意為如果，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。此時主句為一般將來時，if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時（主將從現(xiàn)） If it rains tomorrow, I will not go there. 如果明天下雨，我就不去那了。 (3)the same as 意為和一樣,其反義短語為be different from 【即學(xué)活用】 This time I dont know if I _the exam. If I_ the exam, I will have a great vacation. A.

28、pass, pass B. pass, will pass C. will pass, pass D. will pass, will pass 知識點6 Im different from Jeff because Im louder than the other kids in my class. 我與杰夫不同，因為在班里我比其他的孩子聲音更響亮 【講解】 The other kids = any other kids 其他的孩子the other 特指兩個中的另一個，onethe other，the other 后也可接數(shù)詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，特指其他的the others特指某一范圍內(nèi)的其他的人/物，是the other的復(fù)