必修3 Unit 1(單詞+短語+句型)

1、必修必修 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world課標詞匯課標詞匯名詞名詞11 11個個1. 美人2. 收獲 3. 起源4. 祖先 5. 信任，信仰6. 詭計，竅門7. 詩人8.農(nóng)業(yè)9.衣服10.風俗11.許可，允許beautyharvest origin ancestorbelief trickpoetagriculture clothing custom permission動詞動詞11 11個個1. 收獲，收割2. 欺騙，詐騙3. 獲得4. 搜集，聚集5. 授獎，授予 道歉 淹沒，溺死 擦去，擦 提醒，使想起6. 原諒，饒恕harvesttrickgaing

2、atherawardapologizedrownwiperemindforgive形容詞或副詞形容詞或副詞7 7個個1. 宗教的，虔誠的2. 獨立的3. 充滿活力的4. 遍及全世界的5. 明顯的original agriculturalreligiousindependentworldwideenergeticobvious聯(lián)想串記聯(lián)想串記_(adj. )宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔誠的宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔誠的 _(n. )宗教信仰宗教信仰2. _(n. ) 信任；信心；信仰信任；信心；信仰_ (vt. )相信相信3. _ (n. )獨立；自主獨立；自主_ (adj. )獨立的；自主的獨立的；

3、自主的4. _(vt. )贊美；欽佩；羨慕贊美；欽佩；羨慕_(n. )欽佩；羨慕欽佩；羨慕5. _(n. )許可；允許許可；允許 _ (vt. )允許允許independenceindependentadmireadmirationpermissionpermitapologizeapology forgive forgivenessreligiousreligionbeliefbelieve6. _(vi. )道歉；辯白道歉；辯白_(n. )道歉道歉7._(vt. )原諒；饒恕原諒；饒恕_ (n. ) 寬??；原諒寬?。辉? 短語互譯短語互譯1. 發(fā)生發(fā)生 _2. 紀念；追念紀念；追念 _3

4、. 盛裝；打扮；裝飾盛裝；打扮；裝飾 _4. 期望；期待；盼望期望；期待；盼望 _5. 日夜；晝夜；整天日夜；晝夜；整天 _6. 屏息；屏氣屏息；屏氣 _7. 出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸 _take placein memory ofdress uplook forward today and nighthold ones breathset off8. turn up _9. keep ones word _10. remind. . . of. . . _11. play a trick on _12. as though/if _13. have fun with _出現(xiàn)；到場

5、出現(xiàn)；到場守信用；履行諾言守信用；履行諾言使使想起想起搞惡作??；詐騙；開玩笑搞惡作劇；詐騙；開玩笑好像好像玩得開心玩得開心核核心心考考點點turn 短語短語3年年9考考remind3年年1考考gain3年年1考考be +形容詞形容詞+to do. . . 3年年1考考it作形式主語的主語從句作形式主語的主語從句3年年8考考.beauty n. 美（抽象不可數(shù)）美人（可數(shù)）美（抽象不可數(shù)）美人（可數(shù)） beautify vt.美化：我們要盡力美化我們的家園美化：我們要盡力美化我們的家園 beautiful adj.美麗的：如花兒一樣美美麗的：如花兒一樣美beautiful adv. a beau

6、tifully clear sunny day2. poet n.詩人詩人 poemn.詩歌詩歌 a poem / The 300 Tang Poems poetry n.詩歌詩歌 LiBai wrote a great deal of poetry3.clothing clothescloth晴朗的晴朗的艷陽天艷陽天表示表示“衣服衣服”的總稱的總稱(不可數(shù)）不可數(shù)）an article of clothing 表示表示“衣服衣服”的復數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)名詞a suit of clothes（一套衣服），一套衣服）， 表示表示“衣服衣服”的復數(shù)名詞表示的復數(shù)名詞表示“布布”、“衣料衣料”，是不可，是

7、不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)名詞 a roll of cloth（一卷布）等，但（一卷布）等，但a tablecloth（桌布），（桌布）， 1. trick n. 詭計；惡作?。桓[門詭計；惡作劇；竅門 vt. 欺騙；詐騙欺騙；詐騙We are playing a trick on the man They often trick you into buying something you dont need The man tricked the old lady out of her necklace. 那個人把老婦人的項鏈騙走了。那個人把老婦人的項鏈騙走了。他們經(jīng)常騙你買一些你不需要的東西。他們經(jīng)常騙你

8、買一些你不需要的東西。我們正在戲弄那個家伙。我們正在戲弄那個家伙?！練w納】【歸納】填寫適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填寫適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞play tricks/a trick _ sb. 捉弄某人捉弄某人trick sb. _ doing sth. 誘使某人做某事誘使某人做某事trick sb. _ _ sth. 騙走某人某物騙走某人某物onintoout of2. gain vt. 獲得；得到獲得；得到 n. (不可數(shù)不可數(shù))獲利獲利, 利益；財富的增加利益；財富的增加gain weight 增加體重增加體重gain sth. from/by. . . 從從處獲益處獲益gain others respec

9、t/love/trus 獲得別人的尊敬獲得別人的尊敬/愛戴愛戴/信任信任No pains, no gains. 不勞無獲。不勞無獲。 【熟詞生義】【熟詞生義】 讀句子猜含義讀句子猜含義My watch gains five minutes a day. (鐘鐘, 表表)快快(2012廣東高考廣東高考)Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television. 體育體育(節(jié)目節(jié)目)正在電視廣告中變得重要。正在電視廣告中變得重要。They realise that passing exams is no longer enough to

10、gain a place at university. 他們認識到僅僅是考試通過并不能確保進他們認識到僅僅是考試通過并不能確保進入大學。入大學。The stepfather finally _ _ _ _. 這位繼父終于獲得了孩子們的尊重。這位繼父終于獲得了孩子們的尊重。gainedthechildrensrespect【辨析】【辨析】理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空gain指經(jīng)過很大努力而指經(jīng)過很大努力而“獲得獲得”, 所得的東西常具有一所得的東西常具有一定的價值定的價值win常指取勝的一方具有優(yōu)越的特質(zhì)或條件而能克服常指取勝的一方具有優(yōu)越的特質(zhì)或條件而能克服各種障礙各種障礙,

11、意為意為“贏得贏得”get普通用詞普通用詞, 有時指不一定需要努力就能有時指不一定需要努力就能“得到得到”earn意為意為“賺得賺得”, 表示經(jīng)過努力所得的報酬表示經(jīng)過努力所得的報酬acquire 意為意為“獲得獲得, 取得取得”, 一般指通過漫長的過程而逐一般指通過漫長的過程而逐漸獲得漸獲得After six years study, I _ a good knowledge of computer and my perseverance _ me many friends in theuniversity. Therefore I _ a good job, which has made

12、me_ much experience. And now I _ up to $100, 000 a year. acquiredwongotearngain【高考鏈接】【高考鏈接】(2011遼寧高考遼寧高考)You are old enough to _ your own living. A. win B. gain C. take D. earn【解析】【解析】選選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：你?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：你年紀足夠大了年紀足夠大了, 可以自己謀生了。可以自己謀生了。win贏得；贏得；gain獲得；獲得；take帶走；帶走；earn/make ones living謀生謀生, 構(gòu)成固

13、定短語。構(gòu)成固定短語。 3. apologize vi. 道歉；辯白道歉；辯白(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因因(做做)某事向某人道歉某事向某人道歉apologize to sb. that從句向某人道歉從句向某人道歉(2)apology n. 道歉道歉, 致歉致歉make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth. 因因(做做)某事向某人道歉某事向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology 接受接受/拒絕某人的道歉拒絕某人的道歉owe sb. an apology 應向某人道歉應向某人道歉Yo

14、u should _ _ _ _ having kept her waiting so long. 讓她等了這么久讓她等了這么久, 你應該為此向她道歉。你應該為此向她道歉。(2012山東高考山東高考)He smiled politely as Mary apologized for her drunken friends. 當瑪麗為她醉酒的朋友們向他道歉時當瑪麗為她醉酒的朋友們向他道歉時, 他他禮貌地微笑著。禮貌地微笑著。He made a public apology for the teams performance. 他就隊伍的表現(xiàn)公開道歉。他就隊伍的表現(xiàn)公開道歉。apologizeto

15、her for【想一想】【想一想】在日常交際中還有哪些表示道歉和答復道歉的句在日常交際中還有哪些表示道歉和答復道歉的句式？試列舉。式？試列舉?！緟⒖即鸢浮俊緟⒖即鸢浮?1)情景交際中表示道歉的句式：情景交際中表示道歉的句式：I am really sorry(真對不起真對不起), but I seem to have misplaced your bag somewhere. I feel terribly sorry(我感到非常抱歉我感到非常抱歉), but Ive just broken your beautiful vase. (2)對于道歉的回答對于道歉的回答, 可以用下列句式來表達：

16、可以用下列句式來表達：Dont worry about it(別擔心別擔心). Just forget about it(別再把這件事放在心上了別再把這件事放在心上了). Thats OK/Thats all right/It doesnt matter(沒關(guān)系沒關(guān)系). Its nothing(沒什么沒什么). 4. remind vt. 提醒；使想起提醒；使想起remind sb. of/about sth. 使某人想起某事使某人想起某事remind sb. to do sth. 使某人想起；提醒某人使某人想起；提醒某人(做做)某事某事remind sb. that/what/how從句從

17、句. . . 提醒某人提醒某人/使某人想起使某人想起remind sb. of doing sth. 提醒某人已做過某事提醒某人已做過某事These photos remind me of my childhood. 這些照片使我想起我的童年。這些照片使我想起我的童年。You must remind him to take his medicine, in case he forgets. 你必須提醒他吃藥你必須提醒他吃藥, 以防他忘記了。以防他忘記了。This storywhich happened before I was bornreminds me how great my mothe

18、r was. 這個發(fā)生在我出生之前的故事提醒我這個發(fā)生在我出生之前的故事提醒我, 我的母親我的母親是多么偉大。是多么偉大?！颈嫖觥俊颈嫖觥坷斫庀铝袇^(qū)別并選詞填空理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空remind“提醒提醒, 使想起使想起”, 指因外界的刺指因外界的刺激而想起了過去的事激而想起了過去的事, 側(cè)重提醒側(cè)重提醒remind +sb. + of +sth.recall“回憶起回憶起, 使想起使想起”, 側(cè)重于有意側(cè)重于有意識的識的recall +sth. + to +sb. 填空：填空：At first I could not _ where I had left the book, but her

19、words _ me of the place where I put it. recallreminded【高考鏈接】【高考鏈接】(2011全國卷全國卷)Mary, I _ John of his promise to help you. A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised選選B。考查動詞和固定搭配。考查動詞和固定搭配。remind sb. of sth. _ not to miss the flight, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.(2009福建福建32） Reminding

20、B. RemindedA.C. To remind D.Having reminded選選B。動詞和固定搭配。動詞和固定搭配。 remind sb. to do sth. 被動式被動式5. forgive vt. (forgave, forgiven)原諒；饒恕原諒；饒恕forgive sb. sth. 原諒某人的某行為原諒某人的某行為forgive me 請原諒；對不起請原諒；對不起forgive sb. for (doing) sth.原諒某人原諒某人(做了做了)某事某事We forgave him his rudeness. 我們原諒了他的無禮。我們原諒了他的無禮。Forgive me,

21、 I dont mean to insult you. 請原諒請原諒, 我并非有意侮辱你。我并非有意侮辱你。Shed find a way to forgive him for the theft of the money. 她會讓自己原諒他偷錢的行為的。她會讓自己原諒他偷錢的行為的?！臼煸~生義】【熟詞生義】讀句子猜含讀句子猜含義義Ill forgive you the debt. 免除免除(債務(wù)債務(wù))6. award vt.授予，獎給，判給（尤指官方?jīng)Q定）授予，獎給，判給（尤指官方?jīng)Q定） n.獎品（仲裁人的）裁定（法院的）判決；裁定書獎品（仲裁人的）裁定（法院的）判決；裁定書 shes be

22、en awarded a scholarship to study at Oxford.她獲得了去年她獲得了去年牛津大學牛津大學念書的獎學金。念書的獎學金。 reward vt 報酬，報酬，酬謝酬謝，報答，獎賞，報答，獎賞 n.報酬報酬, 報答報答, 獎賞獎賞, 報償報償He was genrously rewarded.他得到了慷慨的酬報。他得到了慷慨的酬報。He will expect some reward after working so hard.他工作很努力他工作很努力, 會得到報償?shù)摹玫綀髢數(shù)?。reward通常指給與善行，業(yè)績，勞力等的報酬（獎勵）通常指給與善行，業(yè)績，勞力等

23、的報酬（獎勵）award通常指由通常指由審核員審核員慎重審核的結(jié)果所給與的獎賞慎重審核的結(jié)果所給與的獎賞 賞金賞金, 酬金酬金從詞義上說，從詞義上說，award 是是“授予，給予授予，給予”， reward 是是“回報回報”。從用法上說，從用法上說，award 用雙賓語：用雙賓語：award sb sth 或或 award sth to sb.reward 用用 固定搭配固定搭配reward sb with sth.7.gather v.收集收集 積聚積聚 He is ing materials for a new book.gather / collect 區(qū)別區(qū)別The clouds ar

24、e ing.(四方云集）四方云集）He collects stamps.(有選擇收集有選擇收集)gather up 收集整理收集整理Dark clouds _ .It is going to rain.A.are collecting B.are gatheringC.coming up D.are gathering up8.drown vi./vt. (使使)淹沒，溺死淹沒，溺死 sth (in )The floods drowned the whole village.The man drowned in the river.drowning / drowned 區(qū)別區(qū)別快要淹死的快要淹

25、死的 已經(jīng)淹死的已經(jīng)淹死的Meng Xiangbin saved the_ girl.A. drown B. drowned C. drowning D. to drown1. take place 發(fā)生發(fā)生The threatening strike did not take place after all. 可能來臨的罷工終究沒有發(fā)生?？赡軄砼R的罷工終究沒有發(fā)生。The evening party will take place on New Years Eve. 晚會將在除夕那天舉行。晚會將在除夕那天舉行。【辨析】【辨析】理解下列區(qū)別并選詞匯填空理解下列區(qū)別并選詞匯填空take plac

26、e發(fā)生；舉行；舉辦；多指有組織、有計發(fā)生；舉行；舉辦；多指有組織、有計劃的事件的發(fā)生劃的事件的發(fā)生, 沒有偶然性沒有偶然性這幾這幾個詞個詞匯均匯均不可不可用于用于被動被動語態(tài)語態(tài)happen碰巧發(fā)生；一般用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件碰巧發(fā)生；一般用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件occur發(fā)生；突然想起發(fā)生；突然想起, 其意義相當于其意義相當于happencome about發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生, 多指事情已發(fā)生多指事情已發(fā)生, 但不知道但不知道為什么為什么, 多用于否定句和疑問句多用于否定句和疑問句break out爆發(fā)；多指戰(zhàn)爭、災難、瘟疫、爭吵等爆發(fā)；多指戰(zhàn)爭、災難、瘟疫、爭吵等事件的發(fā)生事件的發(fā)生Since

27、 the 2012 Olympic Games _in London, greatchanges have _there. For example, fewer and fewertraffic accidents _, and nearly no quarrels_. You may wonder how these differences _. took placetaken placeoccurred/happenedbroke outcame about2. look forward to期望；期待；盼望期望；期待；盼望Im looking forward to seeing you

28、again. 我盼望再次見到你。我盼望再次見到你。The day we looked forward to came at last. 我們期待的日子終于來了。我們期待的日子終于來了。(we looked forward to是定語從句是定語從句)【拓展】【拓展】補全下列補全下列l(wèi)ook短語短語look _ _注意；當心；提防注意；當心；提防look _ _仰慕仰慕look _ _. . . 輕視輕視/看不起看不起look _ sth. 調(diào)查某事調(diào)查某事look _. . . _. . . 把把當作當作look _查閱查閱, 查詢查詢out forup todown upon/onintoon

29、asup【高考鏈接】【高考鏈接】(2011四川高考四川高考)I often _ the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet. A. look up B. look atC. look for D. look into【解析】【解析】選選A?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意: 我經(jīng)常在詞典里或我經(jīng)常在詞典里或者網(wǎng)上查我不認識的單詞。者網(wǎng)上查我不認識的單詞。look up查閱查閱, 查詢。查詢。look at 看；看；look for 尋找；尋找；look into調(diào)查。調(diào)查。3. turn up 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn),

30、露面；被找到；開大露面；被找到；開大(音量音量)；向上翻；向上翻觀察句子觀察句子, 寫出黑體部分的含義寫出黑體部分的含義Richard turned up on Christmas Eve with Tony. ( )I cant hear the music. Please turn up the radio. ( )Im sure your watch will turn up one of these days. ( )He turned up his coat collar against the chill wind. ( )露面露面開大音量開大音量被找到被找到朝上翻朝上翻【拓展】【

31、拓展】 turn against 背叛；對背叛；對不利不利turn down 拒絕；關(guān)小拒絕；關(guān)小, 調(diào)低調(diào)低turn in 上交；拐入上交；拐入turn out 結(jié)果是；證明是；生產(chǎn)；制造結(jié)果是；證明是；生產(chǎn)；制造turn over 翻身；打滾；移交；轉(zhuǎn)動翻身；打滾；移交；轉(zhuǎn)動turn round 轉(zhuǎn)身；翻轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)身；翻轉(zhuǎn)；(使使)翻身翻身turn to sb. for help 向某人求助向某人求助【高考鏈接】【高考鏈接】(2011江蘇高考江蘇高考)You look upset. Whats the matter？ I had my proposal _ again. A. turned o

32、ver B. turned onC. turned off D. turned down【解析】【解析】選選D?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：你看起來很沮你看起來很沮喪喪, 出什么事了？出什么事了？我的提議又被拒絕了。我的提議又被拒絕了。turn down拒絕拒絕, 符合句意。符合句意。turn over翻身；翻身；turn on打開；打開；turn off關(guān)掉關(guān)掉, 均與均與句意不符。句意不符。4. set off出發(fā)出發(fā), 動身；使爆炸；引起動身；使爆炸；引起觀察句子觀察句子, 寫出黑體部分的含義寫出黑體部分的含義Hearing the news, they immed

33、iately set off for the railway station. ( )The slightest spark can set off the explosives stored here. ( )If uncontrolled, the shortage would set off a new rise in meat prices. ( )出發(fā)出發(fā)使使爆炸爆炸引起引起【拓展】【拓展】 set about 著手著手/開始做開始做(后接名詞、動名詞后接名詞、動名詞) )set out 出發(fā)出發(fā), 開始做開始做(后接動詞不定式后接動詞不定式) )set down 放下放下, 記下記

34、下set up 建立建立, 樹立樹立, 搭起搭起. 句型透視句型透視1. “be +形容詞形容詞+to do . . . ” At that time people would starve if food _(難以找到難以找到), especially during the cold winter months. 2. “with+賓語賓語+介詞短語介詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape ofskulls and cakes _(上面有上面有“骨頭骨頭”). was difficult to fin

35、dwith “bones” on them3. it作形式主語的主語從句作形式主語的主語從句_(很明顯很明顯) that the manager of the coffee shopwas waiting for Li Fang to leave. . . 4. while 引導的時間狀語從句引導的時間狀語從句_(她在人間時她在人間時)she met the herd boyNiulang and they fell in love. It was obviousWhile she was on earth2. 選用句型透視中的句式仿寫句子選用句型透視中的句式仿寫句子(1)精通外語很重要。精通

36、外語很重要。_(2)老師手里拿著一本書走進教室。老師手里拿著一本書走進教室。_(3)顯而易見手機現(xiàn)在很流行。顯而易見手機現(xiàn)在很流行。_It is very important to master foreign languages.The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his/her hand.It is obvious that mobile phones are quite popular nowadays.1. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to f

37、ind, especially during the cold winter months. 那時如果難以找到食物那時如果難以找到食物, 人們就會挨餓人們就會挨餓, 特別是在寒冷的冬季。特別是在寒冷的冬季。(1)該句中使用了該句中使用了“sb. /sth. isadj. to do”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)在該結(jié)構(gòu)中在該結(jié)構(gòu)中, 不定式用主動形式表示被動意義不定式用主動形式表示被動意義, 如后面的動詞如后面的動詞是不及物動詞是不及物動詞, 則要加上適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞。則要加上適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞。(3)能用于該句型的形容詞有：能用于該句型的形容詞有：easy, hard, difficult, fit,

38、heavy, light, nice, unfit, good, sweet, interesting等。等。仿寫句子仿寫句子有些人認為英語很難學。有些人認為英語很難學。_這道數(shù)學題很難算出來。這道數(shù)學題很難算出來。_Some people think that English is very difficult to learn.This maths problem is very difficult to work out.2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to lea

39、ve. . . 很明顯很明顯, 咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李方離開咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李方離開(1)句子中的句子中的it作形式主語作形式主語, 其后的其后的that從句才是真正的主語。從句才是真正的主語。it作形式主語作形式主語, 沒有具體意義沒有具體意義, 而只是幫助把真正的主語移至句而只是幫助把真正的主語移至句子末尾子末尾, 使句子顯得勻稱。使句子顯得勻稱。(2)it作形式主語的常用句式：作形式主語的常用句式：It be +形容詞形容詞(possible, strange, natural, important. . . ) +that從從句句It be +過去分詞過去分詞(said, thought,

40、 believed, supposed, reported. . . ) +that從句從句It +不及物動詞不及物動詞(seem, occur, happen. . . )+that從句從句It be +名詞短語名詞短語(a pity, a fact, a wonder, an honour, no wonder. . . ) +that從句從句她一定會來參加討論。她一定會來參加討論。_she will come to the discussion. 我們不能走我們不能走, 真遺憾。真遺憾。_we cant go. 我突然想起前門未鎖。我突然想起前門未鎖。_I didnt lock the

41、front door. 據(jù)報道他贏得了比賽。據(jù)報道他贏得了比賽。_he has won the game. It is certain thatIt is a pity thatIt occurred to me thatIt is reported that【點津】【點津】在在“It is strange/natural/important/necessary/ essential. . . +that從句從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中結(jié)構(gòu)中, 從句要用虛擬語氣從句要用虛擬語氣, 即從句即從句謂語動詞為謂語動詞為“should +動詞原形動詞原形”?！靖呖兼溄印俊靖呖兼溄印?2011江蘇高考江蘇高考) It

42、was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. A. that B. how C. when D. why【解析】【解析】選選 D。 考查主語從句。句意：這名男子沒有早點報考查主語從句。句意：這名男子沒有早點報告這次事故的原因根本沒有搞清楚。告這次事故的原因根本沒有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主語在句中是形式主語, 真真正的主語是正的主語是why引導的主語從句。引導的主語從句。1. admire vt. 贊美贊美, 欽佩；羨慕；欣賞欽佩；羨慕；欣賞admire sb. for sth. 因某事而欽佩某人因某事而欽佩某人with admiration 羨慕地羨慕地Visitors _ Beijing _ its beauty. 觀光者贊賞北京的美麗。觀光者贊賞北京的美麗。admireforYou had better admire others more than criticize if you want to be popular. 如果你想要受人歡迎如果你想要受人歡迎, 盡量多贊美、少批評。盡量多贊美、少批評。Deeply moved by her performance, the whole audience gasped with admiration. 她的表演動人心弦她的表演動