Section1讀寫(xiě)指南LearningBusinessWritinginEnglish

1、Section 1 讀寫(xiě)指南Learning Business Writing in English1. What is business English? Generally speaking, English can be divided into two different categories, English for General Purpose (EGP) and English for Specific Purpose (ESP). Business English is an important branch of ESP as Business English is Eng

2、lish especially related to international trade, the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories. Therefore, business English has its own outstanding features in both learning and teaching. Business English focuses on vocabulary and topics used in the world of

3、 business including trade, finance, and the language and skills needed for typical business communication such as presentations, negotiations, meetings, small talks, socializing, correspondence, report writing, and so on.12. What is English for business writing?Business English is the use of the Eng

4、lish language to make profits and save costs in the process of doing business and it is one way to use English for this purpose. In some ways, all writing in English is similar, following the same basic rules, such as the rules of grammar and syntax. But business writing has only one purpose and one

5、 purpose only, making money. In ordinary writing, the meaning and significance of what is written is of primary importance; in business writing, only the result counts. Since business English is designed and used only to make profits and avoid losses, a basic principle in business English must be th

6、e clear understanding of your purpose in writing anything. And that writing is work, something you do to make money. What you write is a product or service, called a work product. This means you must bear in mind all of the time what your purpose is in constructing any written work product and how y

7、ou expect what you write and the way you write it to result in increasing income and decreasing costs. 23. How can you learn English for business writing well?To learn Business writing well and grasp the tactics in applied writing, you need to have a general idea of the layout of the whole course an

8、d then carry out a scientific way of learning step by step. First, do a careful study of the basic theory on writing; second, recite the business sayings in part two. These business sayings have been proved to be very useful in business negotiations; third, read the core words and expressions very c

9、arefully and try to find the changing forms and different meanings used in different sentences; fourth, recite the typical sentences and do your best to write in different ways; finally, be active in classroom discussion and always do your homework actively.3V. 段落寫(xiě)譯 Paragraph Writing and Translating

10、1. 有人認(rèn)為商務(wù)英語(yǔ)不就是些單詞和句子么。這些單詞和句子固然重要，但與此同時(shí)也簡(jiǎn)直是個(gè)故意的誤導(dǎo)。實(shí)際上商務(wù)英語(yǔ)就是要“要通過(guò)英語(yǔ)這種語(yǔ)言的使用在生意中獲利。4II. 商界名言 Business Sayings1. Money is the best passport. 金錢是最好的通行證。2. All things are difficult before they are easy. 萬(wàn)事先難后易。3. Rome is not built in a day. 冰凍三尺非一日之寒。4. Like author, like book. 文如其人。5. Teaching others teac

11、hes yourself. 教學(xué)相長(zhǎng)。6. A man may lead a horse to the water, but he cannot make him drink. 人可牽馬至水邊，強(qiáng)行飲馬卻艱難。5III. 核心詞語(yǔ)Core Words and Phrases (omitted)要求課前背誦重要術(shù)語(yǔ)IV. 經(jīng)典句式Typical Sentences (omitted)要求首先思考如何翻譯？有多少不同的路徑？變換詞性、主語(yǔ)、從句會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么不同的效果？61. 有人認(rèn)為商務(wù)英語(yǔ)不就是些單詞和句子么。這些單詞和句子固然重要，但與此同時(shí)也簡(jiǎn)直是個(gè)故意的誤導(dǎo)。實(shí)際上商務(wù)英語(yǔ)就是要“要通過(guò)英語(yǔ)

12、這種語(yǔ)言的使用在生意中獲利?！盨ome people think business English are essentially vocabulary and sentence construction. While this is important it isdeliberately misleading at the same time.Business English, in fact, is “the use of the English language to make a profit in business transactions.” 72. 一定要意識(shí)到商務(wù)寫(xiě)作必須盡可能

13、沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤，單詞拼寫(xiě)不好、用詞不當(dāng)還有其他語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤都會(huì)讓對(duì)方公司覺(jué)得你太粗心大意，給客戶的印象也就太糟糕了。Always realize that any business writing you do must be as error-free as possible; failure to use the correct spelling, placement of words, or other grammatical mistakes may be taken by a company to imply you are careless with details, and may onl

14、y leave a bad impression on your customers.83. 寫(xiě)作中的“組織”是指信息呈現(xiàn)的順序。一旦知道文件中需要包括哪些信息，就可決定如何組織這些信息。能夠用于組織內(nèi)容的普通方法是提綱撰寫(xiě)和頭腦風(fēng)暴?！癘rganization” in writing refers to the order in which information is presented. Once you know what information you want to include in your document, you can decide how to organize t

15、hat information. Common methods you can use to organize content are outlining and brainstorming.94. 涉及公司的商務(wù)寫(xiě)作主要是報(bào)告和收據(jù)之類的內(nèi)部財(cái)務(wù)結(jié)算表、做報(bào)告以及提交關(guān)于改進(jìn)公司管理和成本控制的提議等。Business writing for the company is mainly reports, internal financial accounting forms such as handing in receipts, submitting proposals for impro

16、ving the company management and cost control, etc.105. 可以使用備忘錄、報(bào)告和信函之類的商業(yè)文書(shū)，分析它們是怎樣寫(xiě)成的。要成為商務(wù)寫(xiě)作方面的專家，最基本的一條就是要分析某一具體的文書(shū)，明確各類寫(xiě)作的目的。You can use examples of business documents such as memos, reports and correspondence and analyze how they are written. In order to become an expert in business writing, it

17、 is essential to analyze certain specific documents and understand the purpose of each piece of writing.11VI. 討論評(píng)估 Discussion and Assessment有人說(shuō)；“實(shí)際外貿(mào)工作中并不要求英語(yǔ)特別好，只要會(huì)一些簡(jiǎn)單的對(duì)話和能接待客戶就可以了?！蹦闶欠裢膺@種觀點(diǎn)？“簡(jiǎn)單”的“簡(jiǎn)”是否等于“簡(jiǎn)潔”的“簡(jiǎn)”？下面首先參看一則商務(wù)信函的轉(zhuǎn)譯實(shí)例，看看翻譯與寫(xiě)作之間有什么重要的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系？翻譯是否可以作為實(shí)現(xiàn)寫(xiě)作目的的一個(gè)重要手段？然后，請(qǐng)逆向思維考慮以下一則“簡(jiǎn)短”的廣告用語(yǔ)，看

18、看我們能否為公司撰寫(xiě)這樣精簡(jiǎn)的英語(yǔ)廣告？對(duì)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作有何啟發(fā)？121) 示例：按貴方要求改變包裝另需不少時(shí)間，港口裝卸業(yè)務(wù)繁忙導(dǎo)致該單卸貨延遲，所有貨品檢驗(yàn)又得等候數(shù)日，我們因此未能在合同的規(guī)定的日期完成交貨。 13這是賣方對(duì)未能及時(shí)交貨的一個(gè)合理的解釋。寫(xiě)作時(shí)首先面臨兩個(gè)路徑的選擇，一是“我們”承擔(dān)“不能及時(shí)交貨”的后果，主句譯成we were therefore unable to have the goods delivered within the contracted period是以“我們”為主語(yǔ)；二是將句子中前三個(gè)小句看成一個(gè)主語(yǔ)部分，視為導(dǎo)致“我們不能及時(shí)交貨”的行為者，而不

19、是原因狀語(yǔ)從句。運(yùn)用句法規(guī)則能夠有效地將各個(gè)句子成份協(xié)調(diào)組合到一起并確保整個(gè)句子的表達(dá)功能，要做到這一點(diǎn)就必須首先找準(zhǔn)主語(yǔ)。相比之下，第二個(gè)方案顯然更為可取，能夠有效地避免“我們”處于首當(dāng)其沖的境地，表達(dá)相對(duì)緩和，使得讀者看來(lái)是前面三個(gè)客觀原因才導(dǎo)致交貨的不及時(shí)。英國(guó)翻譯學(xué)專家Peter Newmark (2001)的觀點(diǎn)值得借鑒，他認(rèn)為，“最管用的步驟就是首先發(fā)現(xiàn)句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)，然后是具體的動(dòng)詞，最后其他成份才好各歸其位?！?14根據(jù)上述第二個(gè)方案，筆者試譯：Changing the packing of the products in accordance with your instru

20、ctions required a lot of time. Considerable congestion in the port delayed unloading your order. Testing and examining the cargo needed more days. These combined factors resulted in our failure to have the goods delivered within the contracted period.152) 殼牌集團(tuán)公司廣告語(yǔ)： Shell Oil: Go well. Go Shell.荷蘭皇家

21、殼牌集團(tuán)公司，簡(jiǎn)稱殼牌公司，其組建始于1907年殼牌運(yùn)輸和貿(mào)易有限公司與荷蘭皇家石油公司的股權(quán)合并。 16從修辭的角度看，Go well. Go Shell.使用了多種修辭手法，一是以兩個(gè)Go先行的首語(yǔ)重復(fù)法(anaphora )兼具押頭韻(alliteration)方法；二是以well 和Shell結(jié)尾的押尾韻 (rhyme)方法；三是Go well和Go Shell的雙關(guān)語(yǔ)(pun)用法，前者含有“車輛運(yùn)行好”和“進(jìn)展順利”的雙重含義，后者含有“認(rèn)準(zhǔn)殼牌服務(wù)”和“購(gòu)買殼牌油料”等雙重含義。翻譯時(shí)，本著力求再現(xiàn)語(yǔ)用風(fēng)格，實(shí)現(xiàn)“功能對(duì)等”的原則，譯為“要想行車好，快把殼牌找！” 看到這樣簡(jiǎn)潔而

22、又成功表達(dá)，我們才知道商務(wù)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作所追求的目標(biāo)。 17VII. 應(yīng)用寫(xiě)作 Applied Writing A. How are you going to learn effective business writing? good preparation for your classes;self motivated in practice;active participation in classroom discussion;learn to motivating readers to look forward to every point you make.18B. Sample wri

23、tingHow shall I study English for Business Writing well?19After Ive got my text book before the course starts and Ill read from cover to cover and do the chapter exercises. When my class starts, I have my pen and pad ready to take notes. Take notes every class, and study all these notes every night. 20Whenever there is a chance Ill try to apply class concepts to my study and work environment. I w