Unit2MoralsandVirtues單元語法精講練（解析版）

1、【新教材】高一英語新教材必修第三冊同步練習(xí)材料Unit 2 Discovering Useful Structures動(dòng)詞一ing 形式(2)本節(jié)目標(biāo)：v.ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語是本單元的語法內(nèi)容， 也是v.-ing的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。自主探究：觀察下面課文原句，總結(jié)下現(xiàn)在分詞做什么句子成分。.her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. 她哥哥抱怨說，因?yàn)閷W(xué)費(fèi)太高。.Thinking of all the people still in need of help. Dr Lin opened a private clin

2、ic.考慮到所有仍然需要幫助的人，林醫(yī)生開了一家私人診所。.The new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 新中國成立后，林巧稚博士發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律v. -ing 形式作句法精講一、動(dòng)詞一ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語動(dòng)詞一ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，與賓語之間是主謂關(guān)系，即賓語是其邏輯上的主語。它主 要用于以下兩類動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律1When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.

3、當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人站在大門口。They found the result very satisfying.這個(gè)結(jié)果很令人滿意。I found a bag(lie) on the ground.我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個(gè)包。When we returned, we found a stranger(_stand) in front of the house.我們回來的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人站在房子前。Suddenly we heard someone(knock) gently on the window. 忽然我們聽見有人在輕輕地敲窗戶。We saw a light（burn） in t

4、he window,我們看見窗戶里有一盞燈在亮著。Can you smell anything（ bum）?你聞見有東西燒著了嗎？答案1.lying 2.standing 3. knocking 4. burning 5. burning總結(jié)規(guī)律1表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞（詞組）,如 see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe等，后面+賓語+動(dòng)名詞做賓補(bǔ)。溫馨提示在see, hear, feel, watch等感官動(dòng)詞后，既可用動(dòng)詞一ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，也可用省 略t。的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語

5、。用動(dòng)詞一ing形式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；用省略to的不定 式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作經(jīng)過從開始到結(jié)束的全過程。1.1 saw a boy getting on the bus.（表示動(dòng)作）我看見一個(gè)男孩在上公共汽車。2.1 saw a boy get on the bus.（表示動(dòng)作）我看見一個(gè)男孩上了公共汽車。【答案】1 .正在進(jìn)行2.完成了發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律2We kept the fire burning all night long.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。I won* have you running about in the room.我不允許你在房間里跑來跑去。總結(jié)規(guī)律2表示指使意義的使役動(dòng)詞,常見的有

6、：have, let, keep, get, leave等后面+賓語+動(dòng)名詞做 賓補(bǔ)。發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律3I couldnt do my homework with the noise going on.由于噪音不斷，我沒法做家庭作業(yè)。With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.這么多人看著她，她感到很緊張?？偨Y(jié)規(guī)律3用于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中。二、動(dòng)詞一ing形式作狀語發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律Hearing the news, he couldnt help laughing.= When he heard the news, he couldnt help

7、laughing.一聽到那個(gè)消息，他禁不住大笑起來。Not knowing her address, I had better telephone her to come over.=As I dont know her address, I had better telephone her to come over.由于不知道她的地址，我還是打 讓她過來為好。Working hard, youll surely succeed.=If you work hard, youll surely succeed.如果努力工作，你就一定會(huì)成功。The child slipped and fell,

8、(hit) his head against the door.=The child slipped and fell, and hit his head against the door.那個(gè)男孩滑了一跤，摔倒了，頭撞到了門上。(tell) many times, he still didnt learn these rules by heart.=Although he had been told many times, he still didnt learn these rules by heart.盡管被告知了很屢次，他還是沒把這些規(guī)定記住。Morris lay on the gra

9、ss, (start) at the sky for a long time.=Morris lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.莫里斯躺在草地上，長時(shí)間地望著天空。He came(run) back to tell me the news.他跑回來告訴我這個(gè)消息?！敬鸢浮?. Having been told 6. starting 7. running總結(jié)規(guī)律作時(shí)間狀語;作原因狀語:作條件狀語;作結(jié)果狀語;作讓步狀語;作伴隨狀 語；作方式狀語。溫馨提示動(dòng)詞一ing形式作結(jié)果狀語，是隨著謂語動(dòng)詞的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的,而不定式

10、作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)常表示 的結(jié)果，有時(shí)前面可以加。nly?！敬鸢浮孔匀唤Y(jié)果；出乎意料I hurried to school, only to find it was Sunday.我匆忙趕到學(xué)校，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)是星期天。動(dòng)詞一ing形式作狀語時(shí)，相當(dāng)于與之對應(yīng)的，但是當(dāng)作伴隨狀語及結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，可轉(zhuǎn)化為 o【答案】狀語從句；并列謂語三、動(dòng)詞一ing形式作狀語考前須知.動(dòng)詞一ing形式的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞一ing形式作狀語時(shí)，要注意其時(shí)間性，是用一般式（doing）,還是用完成式（having done）o發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律1Walking in the street, I met an old friend of mine.我

11、正在大街上行走時(shí)，遇到了一位老朋友。（walking和謂語動(dòng)詞met同時(shí)發(fā)生）Having finished the letter, he went to post it.他寫完信后就把它寄了出去。（having finished是先發(fā)生的，went是后發(fā)生的）總結(jié)規(guī)律1當(dāng)動(dòng)詞一ing形式的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，用 o（2）當(dāng)動(dòng)詞一ing形式的動(dòng)作先發(fā)生，而謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作后發(fā)生時(shí)，用。【答案】一般式；完成式.動(dòng)詞一ing形式的語態(tài)發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律2Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy.（現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式）被領(lǐng)著參

12、觀了工廠后，他們很高興。Having finished his homework, he went to bed.（現(xiàn)在分詞的主動(dòng)式）完成了作業(yè)后，他上床睡覺?？偨Y(jié)規(guī)律2使用動(dòng)詞一ing形式的主動(dòng)式還是被動(dòng)式，這主要取決于 o句子的主語就是動(dòng)詞一ing形式的邏輯主語。【答案】動(dòng)詞一ing形式和句子至造之間的關(guān)系.動(dòng)詞一ing形式的否認(rèn)式發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律3Not knowing this, he didnt come.他不知道這件事，所以沒來。Not having made full preparations, we put off the sports meeting.因?yàn)闆]有做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，我們把運(yùn)

13、動(dòng)會(huì)延期了?？偨Y(jié)規(guī)律3動(dòng)詞一ing形式的否認(rèn)式為【答案】QQl+u. -ing； not+having v. ed.動(dòng)詞一ing形式作評注性狀語發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律4Judging from his behaviour, he must be mad.從他的行為來判斷，他一定是瘋了?？偨Y(jié)規(guī)律4J有些動(dòng)詞一ing形式在句中沒有邏輯主語,它們往往作為句子的評注性狀語來修飾整個(gè)句子, 說明說話者的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等。例如：generally speaking“一般來說”，judging by/fh)m“從判斷”，taking everything into consideration”從全盤考慮.獨(dú)立主格發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律5T

14、he rain having stopped, we went on marching.雨過之后，我們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)?？偨Y(jié)規(guī)律5動(dòng)詞一ing形式作狀語，有時(shí)它也可以有自己獨(dú)立的主語,這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為 ，通常用來表示伴隨的動(dòng)作或情況，也可以表示時(shí)間、原因或條件?！敬鸢浮开?dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)語法多樣練第一題：同義句轉(zhuǎn)換l.As time passes by, we will have a better and better life.With time passing by, we will have a better and better life.saw that they were coming across

15、 the street.1 saw them coming across the street.stood on the bridge and watched boats were passing by.一I stood on the bridge and watched boats passing by.4.1 felt that someone was patting me on the shoulder.一I felt someone patting me on the shoulder.heard that Mary sang a song in the next room last

16、night.1 heard Mary sing a song in the next room last night.t rained heavily and it caused great damage.It rained heavily, causing great damage.After he had eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.The boy sat in front of the farm house, and cut the branches.Th

17、e boy sat in front of the farm house, cutting the branches.As I did not know how to get there, I had to ask the way.Not knowing how to get there, I had to ask the way.第二題：單句語法填空.Having worked (work) for three hours, he took a rest.Tom came dashing (dash) into the room with some film tickets in his h

18、and.Having spent (spend) all his money, the boy had to give his mother a call.Seeing(see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.Judging(judge) from his accent, he must be from the south.With so many things bothering(bother) me, I hope you can offer me some practical suggestions.With more a

19、nd more farmers rushing(rush) into city, their childrens education is a problem.The next thing he saw was smoke rising(rise)from the house.Having worked(work) all day, they are very tired.Listen! Do you hear someone calling(call) for help?The manager would like to see his plan carried(carry) out as

20、soon as possible.He was so angry that he threw the toy on the ground, breaking(break) it into pieces.The girl was noticed quarreling(quarrel)with an old man at 9 o,clock yesterday.Approaching(approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.Going(go) straight down the road, you will find the hospital.Taking(take) everything into consideration the result is better than expected.When I was on my way to school this morning, I saw two women arguing (argue).第三題：完成句子1. While, he was an advanced worker.在工廠工作時(shí)，他是一名先進(jìn)工人。2.1 out of the bank when I got off t