高考英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)1---短文改錯

1、2018屆高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)短文改錯成縣陜西師范大學(xué)成州中學(xué)高三英語組命題特點(diǎn)短文改錯短文長度在110詞左右,體裁為記敘文,題材為考生熟知的內(nèi)容。設(shè)題的形式通常是多詞和缺詞各1題,錯詞8題。設(shè)題以句為單位,每句最多兩處錯誤。設(shè)錯方式1. 缺詞補(bǔ)漏（1）I like playing piano.the2. 多詞刪除（1）Im more taller than him.3. 錯詞更正（8）I am fond at English.of注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不記分。 四不改1.標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號不改2.大小寫不改3.單詞拼寫不改4.語序錯誤不改短文改錯

2、的失分原因1.基礎(chǔ)知識不夠扎實(shí)全面、語法功底不夠深厚，對英漢兩種語言表達(dá)上的差異不甚清楚，使用時(shí)頻頻出現(xiàn)“中式英語”。2、對高考短文改錯題的命題方向缺乏了解，因而答題時(shí)缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，思考的針對性、方向性很差。 積累技巧失分原因錯誤設(shè)置及考點(diǎn)分布兩大類型：邏輯錯誤語法錯誤詞法錯誤句法錯誤2014-2017全國卷短文改錯知識點(diǎn)分布2014一卷2014二卷2015一卷2015二卷2016一卷2016二卷2016三卷2017二卷名詞yearshoursairparentshonestyknowledgeyearsinformations改為原形形容詞tastywonderfulmuchhelpfulser

3、iousmanyworstfreeinteresting/interested副詞beforethere去veryterriblysteadilysoearlier改為early時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致havedontlooks/sitthoughtfind/beenbegantoldhaveusedchoosethinktoldcame改為comes非謂語lookingtakingwearingpick前加to代詞everywheremanyour加hishiswhat/our/muchmyself加Iall改為both冠詞加a去the加thethea加the去thea改為an或者one介詞offo

4、r/加towithin加offor去掉for連詞but去掉andbut去掉andandbeside改為besides從句that賓語where賓語that改為which特殊句式should虛擬解題技巧錯詞詞法方面:動詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)錯誤、形容詞或副詞的誤用、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)錯誤、代詞誤用、介詞誤用、連詞誤用、非謂語動詞形式錯誤等;句法方面:名詞性從句連接詞、定語從句關(guān)系詞和主謂一致等。多詞或缺詞主要考查冠詞、介詞或代詞、不定式符號to 。 1.不定冠詞a和an互改 2.不定冠詞 a或an和定冠詞the互改 3.根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞(注意慣用法)一.冠詞常見錯誤： 高考真題1.Now I am livin

5、g in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.2.A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.3. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away when they came over to play .4. If youd like to make trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide.thethe a5.My uncle

6、says that he never dreams of becoming rich in the short period of time.6.But in that case, we will learn little about world. 7. At the first,I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.8. As result, the plants are growing everywhere.9. That day I didnt learn much about animals, in

7、sects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!atheaan 1.冠詞的基本用法。2.固定搭配。解決方案： 二.名詞常見錯誤： 1.單復(fù)數(shù)用錯。2.可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。3.動詞、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞時(shí)的錯誤。高考真題1.One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.2.The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me .3. The airs we br

8、eathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.4. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges.5. I stayed here for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all hope you understand. parentsyearsairknowledgehours6. Within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a

9、 fish.7.Some friends of his go to see him every day, they take him lots of good book and fresh fruit .8. Christie was one of my best friend at high school. 9. Id like to stay there for half a month, visiting place of interest and practicing my English 10. My uncle tells me that the key to his succes

10、s is honest . minutesbooksfriendsplaceshonesty解決方案： 1.弄清可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞。2.記清一些用于固定詞組中名詞的用法 。 1.介詞的多余或缺失 2. 錯用。 三.介詞常見錯誤： 解決方案：1.常用介詞的基本用法2.常用介詞的固定搭配。 高考真題1.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time. 2.Now Iam leaving home to college. 3.Unluckily,onthedevelopmentofindustrial

11、ization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted .4. Tonysawatoyonashopwindow. 5. With the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes . 6.Therefore, we have more time with afterschool activities offorwithinoffor7.We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sit by the lake listening music . 8.H

12、ewastall,withbroadshouldersandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears. 9.ThebookImreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain.10.Interestingly,ithadaconnectionbythe Britishporcelainindustry. 11.In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year tointo/towith/to1.人稱代詞、物主代詞的前后一致性、單復(fù)數(shù)的一致性。2.人稱

13、代詞主格和賓格的變化。3.代詞的誤用與漏用。4.不定代詞錯用。5.作形式主語與形式賓語it的遺漏或誤用。四.代詞常見錯誤： 高考真題 1.If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view .2.I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help .3. I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. 4. My classmates and I are talking about how

14、 to do during the holiday.5. Fiveminuteslater.Tonysawparents. ourImyselfwhathis6.We must find ways to protect your environment. 7. As a result, the plants are growing somewhere.8. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. 9.Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmal

15、ltown 10. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.11.Whenhecameback,Ifoundabunchof flowersinherhand .oureverywheremanyhimmuchhis五.形容詞和副詞常見錯誤： 1.形容詞與副詞的混用。2.形容詞與副詞比較等級混用。3.同義或近義或反義形容詞與副詞之間的混用。解決方案： 1.在句中作定語、表語、補(bǔ)語用形容詞。在句中作狀語，修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞和全句用副詞。2.注意比較級或最高級的比較對象和范圍。特別注意提示詞most, than, as以及其他加強(qiáng)

16、比較等級程度的修飾語。單音節(jié)形容詞和副詞比較級前不可再加more。3.注意many,much,a few,a little,very,so,too,Ever,never,hard,hardly,ago,before等詞的區(qū)別。4.-ing形容詞與-ed形容詞的區(qū)別。5.注意并列現(xiàn)象。6.熟記固定搭配sothat,tooto,asas等高考真題1.Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady. 2.However,my parents didnt seem to think such. 3.Much rare animals are d

17、ying out. 4. Global warming has already become a very seriously problem.5.Dad and I were terrible worried.6. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.somanysteadilyseriousterribly7.The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. 8.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cos

18、t!. 9.We didnt need to do so many homework10.The teachers here are kind and helpfully.11. They were also the best and worse years in my life .12. I hoped I could be freely from them.13. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.freewonderfultastyTheremuchhelpfulworst六.連詞常見錯誤： 上下

19、文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，主要是but與so/and與or之間的誤用.高考真題1.Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. 2. He makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking.3. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.4. There the air is clean or the mountains

20、 are green.5.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem.andandand七.動詞常見錯誤1.時(shí)態(tài)錯誤,時(shí)態(tài)的更改要以上下文的主體時(shí)態(tài)為依據(jù)注意：通常是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)改為一般過去時(shí);或者一般過去時(shí)改為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2. 主謂不一致,如主語為單數(shù)，謂語動詞未用單數(shù), 或主語為復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞卻用了單數(shù);再就是就近原則對主語的影響 3. 語態(tài)錯用,以及不能用被動語態(tài)的詞和短

21、語，比如：happen, take place, belong to, come true高考真題1. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking. 2.Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to success is honesty.3. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. 4. I tho

22、ught that it is a good idea. It does not cost much.5. However, my parents didnt seem to think so . They always tell me what to do. toldhaveusedchoosethink6. I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there.7.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has become a very serious pro

23、blem.8. We must found ways to protect your environment. 9. Tony was scared and begun to cry.10. We didnt need to do so much homework. Therefore, we have more time for afterschool activities.11. My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers.dontthoughtfindbeganlooks解決方案1

24、通讀全文，搞清文中動詞主體時(shí)態(tài).2 結(jié)合語境，靈活運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)形式 .3 認(rèn)真推敲，準(zhǔn)確把握主動與被動 .4.非謂語動詞的錯用：主要是doing與done之間的誤用,動詞不定式符號to的添加,動詞原形變成doing的形式等and連接的to do或doing前后一致問題;.高考真題1.We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.2.I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.3.After looks at the toy for some time , he turned around and found that his parents were missing.4. He would ask who we were and pretend not to knowing us.5.We have been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. takingwearinglookingk