跨文化交際及翻譯真題·

1、. 跨文化交際與翻譯真題臨床專業(yè)一、案例分析 (答題說明：每題10分，合計(jì)10.0分。) 1. Situation: Two Americans, Bill and Tony, are talking about Tonys unhappy e*perience with his Chinese college. Bill: Hi, Tony. Howre you doing Tony: Fine. Just got back from visiting the home of one of my Chinese colleagues. Bill: Oh, have a good time T

2、ony: Oh yes, very good. Mind you, I was bit hurt about the way they treated my present. You see, I know they like western music so I brought them back some of the latest tapes from the UK. Had them all wrapped up beautifully and gave them to them as soon as I got inside the door and what do you thin

3、k happened Bill: What Tony: Nothing. Well, more or less, they said thank you but then just put them away in a corner. Didnt even bother to unwrap them. I must say I felt a bit miffed after all the trouble Id taken. 參考答案：答題點(diǎn)：Gift giving in the West三、跨文化單項(xiàng)選擇 (答題說明：每題1分，合計(jì)15.0分。) C22. Cathy is talking

4、to her friends Bill and Tod outside the cinema. Cathy: Well, what did you think of the film, then Bill: Oh, I thought it was great. Didnt you think so Tod: A) Well, maybe. B) No, I dont like it. C) Yes, in a way. But Ive seen better. D) Yes. I dare say youre right. But Ive seen better. D23. At Saman

5、thas flat, Ruth has just told Sandy that she is really fed up with her present job. Sandy: Well, Ruth, maybe you ought to try and get another one. It shouldnt be too hard for someone like you. Ruth:Yes, I could do that, I suppose. Well, I can think about it anyway. Sandy: A) Yes, you do that. B) Tha

6、ts the spirit. C) Thats your way out. D) Good. D24. Beth is talking to her friend, Brenda. Beth: I wonder if youd mind posting this letter for me on your way home, Brenda Brenda: A) Youre wele. B) I dont care. C) I dont mind. D) Sure. A25. Situation: *iao Ma is an interpreter. One day a foreign visi

7、tor, Mr Yoder, talks to him. Yoder: Your English is quite fluent. Ma: A) Thank you. Its kind of you to say so. B) No, no, my English is poor. C) No, not at all. D) Oh, no. Far from that, I still have a long way to go. B26. Betty is a foreign student in China. She has met Zheng Yu. Betty: I was told

8、that you won the 100-meter race in the all city track meet this morning. Congratulations! Zheng Yu: A) Just lucky. B) Thank you. C) I cant say I did well this morning. D) I could have done better if it hadnt been so cold. B27. Your friends mother, Mrs Yoder, asked if you would like something to eat.

9、 What would you say to refuse politely A) Not for the moment, thank you, Mrs Yoder. Im full. B) No, thanks, Ive just had lunch. C) Oh, no, Mrs Yoder. I havent long had lunch. D) Im full and have no room for any more. A28. Mr Timms has arrived for a meeting which, unfortunately, has been cancelled. M

10、rs Banks: Im terribly sorry about not letting you know sooner, Mr Timmes, but unfortunately it was cancelled at the last minute and there simply wasnt enough time to inform everyone. Mr Timms: A) Oh, dont let it worry you, Mrs Banks. I quite understand. B) Oh, thats OK, Mrs Banks. I understand. C) O

11、h, it doesnt matter, Mrs Banks. D) Oh, dont worry about it, Mrs Banks. B29. If you are attending a family gathering and would like to know what the familial relationship is between one member and another, you may ask: A) Is he your B) How are you related C) Whos that woman D) Whats the relationship

12、between you and that woman A30. On the way to the school cinema, Li saw Professor Blake walking to the cinema, too. Li: A) Good afternoon, Professor Blake. B) Are you going to the film C) Where are you going D) Youre going to the film, arent you A31. When introducing yourself to someone you dont kno

13、w at a party, what would you say A) Hi, Im B) May I introduce myself to you and at the same time I make your acquaintance7 C) Hi, Id like to meet you. D) Hi, Im Do you know many people here B32. Jack phones *iao Songs office. Jack: Hello, Id like to speak to Song Hua, please. Song: A) Im Song Hua. B

14、) This is Song Hua speaking. C) This is me. D) Its me here. D33. Youve just been asked out to dinner but you dont want to go with the person who invited you. You might say: A) I dont think so. I already have plans. B) No, I really dont enjoy being with you. C) Im dieting so I mustnt go out to eat. D

15、) Thanks a lot but Im busy tonight. B34. Lucy met his teacher, Mrs South, outside the library. Lucy: Good morning, Lucy. How are you Mrs South: Very well, thank you, Lucy, and how are you Lucy: A) Oh, cant plain. B) Im very well, too, thank you. C) Same old thing. D) OK. B35. Mr Greens secretary, Pa

16、t Kent, went to the airport to meet Mr Barnes for her boss. What would Miss Kent say when she meet Mr Barnes A) E*cuse me, would you be Mr Barnes B) Are you Mr Barnes C) E*cuse me, would you please tell me if you are Mr Barnes D) You are Mr Barnes, arent you A36. Patrick is sitting in a car with som

17、e friends. He has just asked if anyone minds him smoking. One of the friends in the car, Gillian, is allergic to smoke. What would she say A) Would you mind if I said no, Patrick B) Cant you stay without smoking C) Its not OK. D) No, of course not. 43-47 題共用題干： Over the past century, all kinds of un

18、fairness and discrimination have been condemned. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet. It has long been known that a ta*i firm called AAA cars has a big advantage over

19、 Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A

20、 and K. Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bushs predecessors had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, si* of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich coun

21、tries are alphabetically advantaged. The worlds three top central bankers are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters, as are the worlds five richest men Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht. Can this merely be coincidence？One theory, dreamt u

22、p in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So shortsighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row

23、, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publi

24、cly. The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, and lists of conference speakers: all tend to be drawn up al

25、phabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them. A43. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA cars and Zodiac ears A A kind of overlooked inequality. B A type of conspicuous bias. C A type of personal prejudice. D A kind of brand discrimination. D44. What can

26、we infer from the first three paragraphs A In both East and West, names are essential to success. B The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman. C Customers often pay a lot of attention to panies names. D Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize. C45. The 4th paragraph sugge

27、sts that _. A questions are often put to the more intelligent students B alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class C teachers should pay attention to all of their students D students should be seated according to their eyesight B46. What does the author mean by most people are li

28、terally having a ZZZ in Paragraph 5 A They are getting impatient. B They are noisily dozing off. C They are feeling humiliated. D They are busy with word puzzles. D47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the te*t？A People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated. B VIPs in t

29、he Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism. C The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go. D Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias. 48-52 題共用題干： What the dream-phantasy does with the physical stimuli cannot be regarded as purposeful. The phantasy

30、plays a tantalizing game with them, and represents the organic source of the stimuli of the dream in question by any sort of plastic symbolism. Indeed, Scherner holds that the dream-phantasy has a certain favorite symbol for the organism as a whole: namely, the house. Fortunately, however, for its r

31、epresentations, it does not seem to limit itself to this material; it may also employ a whole series of houses to designate a single organ; for e*ample, very long streets of houses for the intestinal stimulus. In other dreams particular parts of the house may actually represent particular regions of

32、 the body, as in the headache-dream, when the ceiling of the room which the dream sees covered with disgusting toad-like spiders represents the head. Quite apart from the symbol of the house, any other suitable object may be employed to represent those parts of the body which e*cite the dream. Thus

33、the breathing lungs find their symbol in the flaming stove with its windy roaring, the heart in hollow chests and baskets, the bladder in round, ball-shaped, or simply hollow objects. It is particularly noteworthy that at the end of such a physically stimulated dream the phantasy, as it were, unmask

34、s itself by representing the e*citing organ or its function unconcealed. Thus the tooth-e*cited dream usually ends with the dreamer taking a tooth out of his mouth. The dream-phantasy may, however, direct its attention not merely to the form of the e*citing organ, but may even make the substance con

35、tained therein the object of symbolization. Thus, for e*ample, the dream e*cited by the intestinal stimuli may lead us through muddy streets, the dream due to stimuli from the bladder to foaming water. Or the stimulus as such, the nature of its e*citation, and the object which it covets, are represe

36、nted symbolically. Or, again, the dream-ego enters into a concrete association with the symbolization of its own state; as, for e*ample, when in the case of painful stimuli we struggle desperately with vicious dogs or raging bulls. Disregarding all the possible lengthiness of elaboration, a phantast

37、ic symbolizing activity remains as the central force of every dream. B48. The dream-phantasy tends to represent the organism as a whole by _. A a symbol B a house C a street D a symbol A49. According to the passage, which symbolization is probable in a dream A a ceiling covered with spiders represen

38、ts a head. B spiders represent a room. C roaring wind represents a breathing lung. D a ball represents a heart in chest. C50. According to the passage, at the end of a physically stimulated dream, _. A the dreamer dreams to take a tooth out of his mouth B the dreamer dreams to take off his mask C th

39、e phantasy usually reveals which organ e*cited the dream D the phantasy bees very clear and e*citing D51. What can we infer from the last paragraph A Dreams can be e*cited by the intestinal stimuli. B The dream-phantasy may not direct its attention to the e*citing organ.C Vicious dogs or raging bull

40、s are monly seen in bad dreams. D When we dream of foaming water, we may be feeling unwell in bladder. A52. What does the passage mainly talk about A The dream-phantasy, physical stimuli and symbolization. B The dream-phantasy plays an interesting game with physical stimuli. C Parts of the body e*ci

41、te the dream. D Phantasy is the central force of dreams. 53-57 題共用題干： In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of masteryfeeling important and worth-while, and the sources of what we call a sense pleasurefinding life enjoyable are not always identical. Women often are told You cant have i

42、t all. Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: You chose a career, so you cant e*pect to have closer relationships or a happy family life. or You have a wonderful husband and childrenWhats all this about wanting a career But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if

43、 they are to feel good about themselves. Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two dimensions. One is mastery, which includes self-esteem, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of an*iety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the doing side of life, to work and activity

44、. Pleasure is the other dimensions, and it is posed of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the feeling side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa. For e*ample, a woman who has a good job, but

45、whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time. The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and remedy past mistakes. In the past, women were en

46、couraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are critical. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women rated significantly higher in mastery than did women who w

47、ere not employed. A womans well-being is enhanced when she takes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a bination of rolesmarriages, motherhood, and employment were the highest in well-being, despite warnings about stress and strain. D53. It can be inferred

48、from the first paragraph that _. A for women, a sense of mastery is more important than a sense of pleasure B for women, a sense of pleasure is more important than a sense of mastery C women cant have a sense of mastery and a sense of pleasure at the same time D a sense of mastery and a sense of ple

49、asure are both indispensable to women B54. The authors attitude towards women having a career is _. A critical B positive C neutral D realistic D55. One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on several social roles, _. A it will be easier for her to overe stress and strain B she will b

50、e more successful in her career C her chances of getting promoted will be greater D her life will be richer and more meaningful A56. Which of the following can be identified as a source of pleasure for women A Family life. B Regular employment. C Multiple roles in society. D Freedom from an*iety. C5

51、7. The most appropriate title for the passage would be _. A The Well-being of Career Women B Sources of Mastery and Pleasure C Two Aspects of Womens Well-being D Freedom Roles Women in Society 案例分析圍：gift giving，ethnicentrism ，self reliance，polite invitation，attitude toward pliment ，democracy，都在課件上或者

52、課本上出現(xiàn)過。紅皮書只要看UNIT3,4,5,8,10案例分析只要答到點(diǎn)子上就給分，所以把幾個(gè)維度判斷出來就行了跨文化單項(xiàng)選擇題The following are the features of Polychronic time system E*CEPTDo many things at a time B.Are mitted to people and human relationshipC. Be concerned about not disturbing others D.Base promptness on the relationshipThe following are the

53、 features of monochronic time system E*CEPTdo one thing at a time B.concentrate on the job.C.strong tendency to build lifetime relationships D.emphasize promptnessWhich of the following does NOT belong to the category of conceptsright or wrong B.God and man C.ethics D.antibioticsWhich of the followi

54、ng is an appropriate description of European American worldview about the nature of timepast- oriented B. Present- orientedC.nature-oriented D.future-oriented5.Which of the following is the most appropriate description for Chinese way of e*pression A.e*plicit B.unambiguousC.direct D.implicitThe stud

55、y of pragmatics focuses on _.how language is actually usedThe study of the relationship between words and what they stand for or represent.The meaning of words D.the relationship for words to one anotherIn addition to cognitive,what is conveyed through municationaffective content B.body languageC.pa

56、ralanguage D.environment languageWhat is connotative meaning of a wordpublic and objective meaning B.emotionally charged meaningC.literal meaning D.what the word refer to in real lifeWhich of the following is a characteristic of nonverbal municationconscious B.culture-specificC.universal D.pervasive

57、What is the munication style of AmericansA.high-conte*t B.low-conte*tC.implicit D.indirect*iao Wang meets Peter at the airport and says to him:Morning,Peter!In this case,the source of information is_Morning,Peter! B.PeterC.the airport D.*iao WangSpeakers meaning in a face-to-face munication refers t

58、o _the associative meaning words haveWhat what is said normally meansWhat the hearer has understood on the basis of what is saidWhat the speaker has intended to convey in what is saidWhen you are invited for a western meal,youre offered second helping but you have already had enough.What would you s

59、ay_Oh,thanks.That tastes awful.No,I dont want that.That was delicious but Ive already had plenty,thanksNo,I dont like itMost Americans see themselves as separate_,not as representatives of a family,munity or other group.independence B.customersC.individuals D.culturesUnlike in China,the kin terms us

60、ed for relatives do not distinguish between_relatives in Britain.Kinship term.A.internal and e*ternal B.maternal and paternalC.old and young D.male and femaleNowadays in America,acquaintances usually call each other_A.Sir or Madam B.by their first nameC.by their last name D.Mr,Mrs,Miss or MsGuests i