Unit8介詞及介詞短語

1、學(xué)而嘉快樂學(xué)習(xí)成績優(yōu)嘉 #學(xué)而JS快樂學(xué)習(xí)成績優(yōu)嘉 Unit8SurpriseendingsGrammar介詞及介詞短語介詞的功能介詞是一種虛詞，用來表示名詞、代詞等與句中其它詞的關(guān)系，不能單獨使用。介詞可與名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語。介詞短語可在句中作定語，狀語，表語和賓語補足語。例如：TheboyoverthereisJohnsbrother定語）Thegirlwillbebackintwohours.（狀語）OurEnglishteacherisfromAustralia.（表語）Helpyourselftosomefish.（賓語補足語）介詞和種類簡單介詞，常用的有at,in

2、,on,of,for,about,before,after,to,with,without等。（2）復(fù)合介詞，如bymeansof,alongwith,becauseof,infrontof,insteadof等。不同介詞的用法（1）表時間的介詞1）at,in,on表示時間點用at。例如:atsi（clock,atnoon,atmidnight。表示在某個世紀(jì)，某年，某月，某個季節(jié)以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上時，用in。例如：inthenineteenthcentury,in2002,inmay,inwinter,inthemorning,intheafternoon等。表示具體的某一天和某一天

3、的上午，下午，晚上時，用on。例如:onMonday,onJuly1st,onSundaymorning等。2）in,afterin與將來時態(tài)連用時，表示過多長時間以后的意思，后面跟表示一段時間的詞語。After與將來時態(tài)連用時，后面只能跟表示時間點的詞語。After與過去時態(tài)連用時，后面才能跟表示一段時間的詞語。例如：Hewillbebackintwomonths.Hewillarriveafterfouroclock.Hereturnedafteramonth.（2）表示地點的介詞1）at,in,onat一般指小地方；in般指大地方或某個范圍之內(nèi)；on往往表示在某個物體的表面。例如：Hea

4、rrivedinShanghaiyesterday.Theyarrivedatasmallvillagebeforedark.Thereisabigholeinthewall.Theteacherputupapictureonthewall.2）over,above,onover,on和above都可表示在上面”但具體含義不同。over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反義詞是under。above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。on指兩個物體表面接觸，一個在另一的上面。例如：Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Weflewabovetheclo

5、uds.Theyputsomeflowersontheteachersdesk.3）across,throughacross和through均可表示從這一邊到另一邊”但用法不同。across的含義與on有關(guān)，表示動作在某一物體的表面進行。through的含義與in有關(guān)，表示動作是在三維空間進行。例如：Thedogranacrossthegrass.Theboyswamacrosstheriver.Theywalkedthroughtheforest.Ipushedthroughthecrowds.4）infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof表示在某人或某物的前面”在某個范

6、圍以外；inthefrontof表示在的前部”，在某個范圍以內(nèi)。例如：Therearesometalltreesinfrontofthebuilding.Theteacherissittinginthefrontoftheclassroom.介詞短語介詞和動詞、形容詞或名詞相結(jié)合后，形成復(fù)合詞，有特定的意思。如下：（1）動詞+介詞（如：talkabout，lookat）（2）Be動詞+形容詞+介詞（如：bekindof）（3）介詞+名詞（如：athome，onfoot，intime）動詞+介詞waitfor等待askfor請求；要求（be）readyfor為做準(zhǔn)備besorryfor為抱歉lo

7、okfor尋找preparefor為做準(zhǔn)備belatefor遲到(be)tiredof對感到疲憊(be)proudof以為自豪beafraidof害怕befullof充滿beawareof意識到talkof談?wù)搕hinkof考慮，想起succeedin成功做joinin參加(be)interestedin對感興趣decideon決定做keepon繼續(xù)dependon依靠callonsb拜訪某人pointat指著arriveat到達setoff動身keepoff讓開，不接近showoff炫耀lookup查看，查（字典）setup建立bringup教育，培養(yǎng)shutup住口growup生長buil

8、dup建起giveup放棄學(xué)而快樂學(xué)習(xí)成績優(yōu)嘉學(xué)而JS快樂學(xué)習(xí)成績優(yōu)嘉 學(xué)而嘉快樂學(xué)習(xí)成績優(yōu)嘉 worryabout擔(dān)心thinkabout考慮；回想becertainabout對確信無疑talkabout談?wù)撃呈耡greewithsb同意某人(be)happywith對感到高興(be)boredwith對感到無聊(be)busywith忙于(某事)passby經(jīng)過實例分析】1HehasbeenlateforschoolthreetimesthemorningoflastFriday.A.inB.onC.sinceD.until分析：本題介詞的選擇取決于謂語動詞所用的時態(tài)。謂語動詞用了現(xiàn)在完成

9、時，與之相對應(yīng)的介詞應(yīng)當(dāng)是since。答案C2Iforgottobringthekeymyoffice.A.ofB.forC.withD.to分析：在英語中，表達門的鑰匙”練習(xí)的答案要用key這個詞，它需要用介詞to與后面的名詞連用，這是習(xí)慣用法。其他的例子還有：ananswertothequestion問題的答案，areplytoourletter對我們信的答復(fù)，theentrancetothebuilding大樓入口處，themonumenttotheheroes英雄紀(jì)念碑，等等。答案D3.Youllgetonethousanddollars.AafterallBatallCinallDa

10、lltogether分析：afterall意為到底”畢竟”終于；ataI通常與no連用，意為完全不”一點也不；inal通常用于數(shù)量詞后面，意為總共”同義詞是altogether。所以本題答案應(yīng)該選Co【課堂作業(yè)】用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。ImsorryIcantsayitC_h_inese.Doyouusuallygotoschoolbike?Look,thefarmeriscarryingapplesatruck.4.Isanyonehome?PleaselookmybirdwhenImaway.AreJimandLiLeithesameclass?Thereisaholethewall.thebe

11、ginningofthisterm,Imetmynewfriend,Jim.Thereareafewleavesthetree.Thegirltheredcoatismysister.Couldyougiveanorangeme?12.Itstimetogobed.canseeabottleorange.Putthebasketthere.Whatswro_n_gyourwatch?16.Onethestudentsisintheclassroom.thinktheshopisclosedthis廿meofday.MyfatherteachesEnglishaschool.Wehavelunc

12、hthemiddleoftheday.Youcanbuysomeschoolthingsyourwayhome.wasbornJuly1st,1982.MayIborrowapencilyou?Dontsleep_t_heopenair.oftenhelpmymotherthehousework.25.Itstim_e_school.havequitealothomeworktodo.Whatsthetime?Itshalffive.Ducksaregoodswimming.Whatareyoutalking?Heissittingthefrontofthecar.Theeraserwaspa

13、ssedonestudentanother.DidyouliveBeijingin1997?Whendidyouarrivethevillage?thinkMaryisdutytoday.35.Eatingtoomuchisntgoodyourhealth.36.Imafraidheist_hecinemathemoment.Thanksaskingmetoyourparty.Mywatchisverydifferentyours.Whatstheweathert_oday?Thestudentisaskinghisteacherthesportsmeeting.II.()41.themone

14、y,sheboughtanewcoatherfather.A.With,forB.With,toC.For,withD.To,with()42.Thebeautifulbottlewasmadeglass.A.fromB.inC.ofD.by()43.ThisisamapChina.A.inB.atC.ofD.on()44.Agroupboysandgirlsaredancinginthepark.A.withB.ofC.forD.to()45.Tomalwayscomeslateschool.A.atB.insideC.toD.for()46.Mr.SmithcaughtholdBoband

15、said,Thisisagoodlessonyou.A.of,forB.for,ofC.of,ofD.for;for()47.Theshopclothesistherightsidethestreet.A.of,at,besideB.for,on,atC.for,on,ofD.of,in,of()48.Itsho_t_summerinBeijing.A.byB.onC.atD.in()49.ChinaisfamousherGreatWall.A.asB.forC.toD.of()50.Theseknivesaremademetalandwood.A.fromB.ofC.byD.in()51.M

16、yfatherreturnedat10ocloc_kofJune15.A.inthenightB.bythenightC.onthenightD.atnight()52.yourhelp,wefinishedtheworkontime.A.ThanksB.ThanksofC.ThankforD.Thanksto()53.ChinabuiltaGreatWall_thenorthernpartthecountry.A.to,inB.across,ofC.across,onD.at,of()54.Heoftenmistakesmemybrother.A.toB.asC.forD.with()55.

17、Thewomanareddressismyaunt.A.inB.atC.ofD.on()56.IrememberSusanleftaverycoldmorningofJanuary.A.inB.onC.atD.from()57.Thankyouverymuchlendingtheeraserme.A.for,atB.to,toC.for,toD.to,for()58.Donttellanybodyaboutit.Keep_i_tyouandme.A.amongB.betweenC.inD.with()59.Ienjoyreading,butIcantmuchtime_it_._A.spend,onB.pay,inC.take,inD.cost,on()60.NoonecanstopherleavingforShanghai.A.ofB.fromC.toD.for參