現(xiàn)在完成時考點(diǎn)例析

1、PAGE PAGE 6現(xiàn)在完成時考點(diǎn)例析現(xiàn)在完成時是較難掌握、中考考查較多的時態(tài)。涉及的考點(diǎn)有：一、考查其構(gòu)成助動詞have (has) +動詞過去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時。如：1. Kates never seen Chinese films，_ ? A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she析：陳述句部分含否定詞never,簡略問句部分要用肯定式，又因Kates是Kate has的縮寫，故選B。2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改為否定句)His uncle _ posted t

2、he photos to him _. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問句中，故填hasnt, yet。3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have析：so+助/系/情態(tài)動詞+主語結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞形式應(yīng)與前句結(jié)構(gòu)中動詞形式保持一致，又后句的主語為her parents是復(fù)數(shù),故選D。二、考查其用法與標(biāo)志詞(一)當(dāng)句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等時，常用現(xiàn)在完成時。如：1. -Mum, may I go out a

3、nd play basketball? -_you_ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished2. -_ you _anywhere before? -Yes, but I cant remember where I_A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed析：據(jù)yet和before可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，故1題選D

4、，2題選D。(二)當(dāng)句中有for +段時間或since +點(diǎn)時間等時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，若是非延續(xù)性動詞，要改為延續(xù)性動詞或表狀態(tài)的詞(短語)。如：1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice_he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for析：主句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時，而從句用的是一般過去時，故選C。2. Tom_the CD player for two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has

5、had析：A、B、C均為非延續(xù)性動詞，在肯定句中不與表段時間的短語連用，故選D。3. I_a letter from him since he left. A. didnt receive B. havent got C. didnt have D. havent heard析：據(jù)since可知，應(yīng)排除A、C，hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb.意為收到某人的來信，故選B。三、考查have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的區(qū)別。如：1. -Have you ever_Lintong to se

6、e the Terra Cotta Warriors?-Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to析：據(jù)句中的have，排除A，B項(xiàng)意為去某地了，C項(xiàng)意為一直呆在某地，D項(xiàng)意為去過某地，符合題意，故選D。2. My parents _ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been析：本題句中有for+段時間結(jié)構(gòu)，據(jù)此可排除C，B項(xiàng)意為去過某地，不合題意，D項(xiàng)缺介詞，故選A。四、考查現(xiàn)在完成時與其他時態(tài)

7、的聯(lián)系和區(qū)別。如：1. Suns aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正確的句子)析：非延續(xù)性動詞與段時間連用時，除了把非延續(xù)性動詞改成延續(xù)性動詞外，還可把動詞改為一般過去時或借助句型Its +段時間+since+從句進(jìn)行句子轉(zhuǎn)換。故答案為：Suns aunt has been there for ten years. /Suns aunt went there ten years ago. /Its ten years since Suns aunt went there. 2. Susan has been in this city for more

8、than ten years.(改為同義句)_more than ten years _Susan _to this city. 析：據(jù)上題分析，且since引導(dǎo)的從句要用一般過去時，故填I(lǐng)t is, since, came。3. I wont go to the concert because I _my ticket. A. lost B. dont lose C. have lost D. is coming析：因我丟了票的動作發(fā)生在過去，而且對現(xiàn)在造成了我不能參加音樂會的結(jié)果，符合現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的含意，故選C。當(dāng)終止性動詞（非延續(xù)性動詞）與表示一段時間的狀語（how long，sin

9、ce，for， all ones life）相矛盾時,改正錯句的方法有如下幾種:（1）用副詞ago把現(xiàn)在完成時的句子改為一般過去時.He has come back for two weeks.（錯）改為:He came back two weeks ago.（正）I have lost my bike for ten days. （錯）改為:I lost my bike ten days ago. （正）（2）用“It is / has been時間since一般過去時態(tài)”句型來改寫。He has joined the League for 3 years. （錯）It is 3 years

10、 since he joined the League.I have bought the book for 5 days. （錯）It is 5 days since I bought the book. （正）He has died for 20 years. （錯）It is 20 years since he died. （正）（3）用“時間has passedsince一般過去時態(tài)”句型來改寫。He has left home for 20 years. 改為:Twenty years has passed since he left home.He has lost his pen

11、 for 2 days. 改為:Two days has passed since he lost his pen.（4）用系表結(jié)構(gòu)來改寫.He has died for 20 years. 改為: He has been dead for 20 years.The factory has opened since 1999. 改為:The factory has been open since 1999.How long has he left? 改為:How long has he been away?（5）用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞替代非延續(xù)性動詞。He has bought the book

12、for two weeks. 改為:He has had the book for two weeks. 他參軍已有三年.He has joined the army for three years.（錯）改為:He has been in the army for three years / since three years ago.He has been a soldier for three years / since three years ago.He joined the army three years ago.It is three years since he joined

13、 the army.Three years has passed since he joined the army.16. the new programmes （start）yet?No, they （plan,still）18. We （live）in Shanghai from 1989 to 1999. We （live）for 10 years.19. They cant go with us. They （finish, not）the work yet.20. You （change, not ）your mind, havent you?21.We must pay for t

14、he library book if we （lost）it.22. He has already finished his homework.（改為否定句）He finished his homework .23. I hear your father （be）to Japan once.Yes. He （go）there last year.24.When you （buy）the book?I （have）it for two weeks.25. Such a thing （happen, never）in the village before. 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)1have / has +d

15、one,請注意與一般過去式的區(qū)別I have already worked out this math problem? (改為否定句) I worked out the math problem .He has already finished the book.(改一般疑問句并做肯定否定回答) he the book ? Yes, he . No, he .I have a book. (改一般疑問句并做肯定和否定回答) you a book? Yes, I . No, I .I have got a book. (改一般疑問句并做肯定和否定回答) you a book? Yes, I .

16、 No, I .He has got a book. (改一般疑問句并做肯定和否定回答) he a book? yes, he .No, he .You have done your homework, you ?(改為反意疑問句)He has never been abroad, he? (改為反意疑問句)We have got little milk, we? (改為反意疑問句)Jim has got a pen. Lucy has got a pen too.(改為同義句) Jim has got a pen, Lucy.I think you never (hear) such a t

17、hing. you (know) where your sister has (go)?I think you (be) all right soon.If you (lose) a book, you (pay ) for it.I (tell) you about the accident as soon as I (finish) the work. you ( read) the book yet?Tom just (find) his cat.He (not see) the film yet. So he see) it this evening.I (have) my lunch

18、 already. you (find) your lost book? Yes, I (find) it hours agoYou neednt tell him about it. I already him about it.(tell)-Have you ever (be) to Tibet? -Yes, I . -when you there?(go) -Three weeks ago.-Jim, you (write) a letter to your aunt? -yes,I . I (write) it just now.Have you (return) the ladder

19、 yet? No, not .I (return) it soon.I (有) the book Harry Potter.So far, I (not get) a letter from him.Until now, she already (write) three books.In the past few years, we (build) a lot of buildings.In two or three years, the city (become) the most beautiful one in China.This is the first time I (visit

20、) the Great Wall.We already (know)each other before.We (get)to know each other three years ago.They just (get) in touch with each other.They (get) in touch with each other just now.I am sorry. I (forget) your name.I am sorry I (forget) to bring you photos.-How many times you ever to Shanghai? I ever there three times.(去過)-Where is Jim?-He to the teachers office(去了)33. - you to the hospial yet? .(去過) -Yes, I (go)to see Doctor Li this morning and he (give)me some medicine. - you (take) it.? - yes, I it just a momen