宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)自測(cè)題

1、宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)自測(cè)題第15章自測(cè)題：Texports.SupposethatnominalGDPis$6,000billionandrealGDPis$3,000.WhatistheGDPpricedeflator?TOC o 1-5 h z50.Intermediategoodsandservicesarecountedingrossdomesticproduct(GDP).arecountedinnationalincomebutnotingrossdomesticproduct(GDP).arenotcountedingrossdomesticproduct(GDP

2、)becausethatwouldconstitutedoublecounting.arenotcountedingrossdomesticproduct(GDP)becausetheyhavenovaluetoconsumers.GDPisdefinedasthemarketvalueofallintermediategoodsandservicesproducedwithinacountryinagiventimeperiod.themarketvalueofallfinalgoodsandservicesproducedwithinacountryinagiventimeperiod.t

3、hemarketvalueofallintermediategoodsandservicesproducedbyacountryscitizenswithinagiventimeperiod.d.themarketvalueofallfinalgoodsandservicesproducedbyacountryscitizenswithinagiventimeperiod.Netexportsiscalculatedasexportsminusimports.iscalculatedasimportsminusexports.iscalculatedasimportsplusexports.i

4、scalculatedasexportslessgovernmentpurchases.Spendingoncapitalequipment,inventories,ernmentexpenditure.expenditureonnetexports.GDPisrepresentedbyC+I+G.NX+G.I+G+NX.C+I+G+NX.Ifyouwereaskedtostudythequantityofoutputaneconomyprodu

5、cedoverthepastfiveyears,youwoulduserealGDPratherthannominalGDPbecausea.exportsareexcludedfromrealGDP,makingitlesscomplicatedthannominalGDP.realGDPaccountsforimports,makingitmoreprecisethannominalGDP.nominalGDPfailstoaccountfortransferpayments,whereasrealGDPincludesthesepayments.nominalGDPreflectscha

6、ngesinbothoutputandprices,whereasrealGDP,roughlyspeaking,merelyreflectschangesinoutput.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbeincludedinGDP?Mikegrowstomatoesinherhomegarden.Brookepurchasesanewsuittoweartowork.JohnpurchasesanewFordcar.CommunityBankpurchasesnewcomputersforitsloanofficers.SupposenominalGDPis7700

7、,andtheGDPdeflatoris110.RealGDPis$7700.$7000.$847,000.$8470.參考答案：cccbabdda10.b第16章自測(cè)題：Inflationreferstoatemporaryincreaseinthepricelevelduetohighertaxrates.alargeincreaseinfoodandgasolineprices.asituationinwhichtheeconomysoverallpricelevelisrising.anincreaseinthepurchasingpowerofthedollar.Theconsume

8、rpriceindexmeasurespricechangesofrawmaterials.adjustsallpricesofgoodsandservicesforfiveyearperiods.measuresthecostofgoodsandservicesboughtbyatypicalconsumer.cannotmeasurepricechangesofintangibleproductionsuchasservices.Iftheconsumerpriceindex(CPI)attheendof1999was125andtheCPIattheendof2000was133,the

9、ntherateofinflationoverthetimeperiodwas:zero.4.8percent.6.4percent.8percent.AchangeinthepriceofimportsboughtbyconsumerswillbereflectedintheGDPdeflator.reflectedinGDP.reflectedinnetnationalincome.reflectedintheCPI.SubstitutionbiasintheCPItendstooverestimatethecostofliving.tendstounderestimatethecosto

10、fliving.hasnoimpactonestimatesofthecostofliving.causesdecreasesinspending.ThepriceindexthatmeasuresthecostofabasketofgoodsandservicesboughtbyfirmsistheCPI(consumerpriceindex).GDPdeflator.Implicitpricedeflator.PPI(producerpriceindex).Yourgrandparentstellyouthatin1960theypaid$0.35foradmissiontoamovie.

11、Thepriceindexin1960was30.Thepriceindexintodayis171.Whatisthepriceyourgrandparentspaidintodaysdollars?$1.05$1.99$3.01$5.98Ifnominalinterestratesincreasefrom8percentto10percentwhileinflationincreasesfrom5percentto8percent:therealinterestratefallsfrom3%to2%.therealinterestraterisesfrom4%to2%.therealint

12、erestratefallsfrom3%to-2%.therealinterestraterisesfrom8%to12%.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?Therealrateofinterestcannotbeanegativenumber.TheGDPdeflatorisNOTbasedonafixedbasketofgoodsandservices.TheGDPdeflatorandtheCPItypicallydiverge.ChangesinqualityarefullyreflectedintheCPI.Thepriceofhelic

13、opterspurchasedbytheU.S.militaryincreases.ThisincreasewouldbereflectedinboththeCPIandtheGDPdeflator.onlyintheGDPdeflator.onlyintheCPI.inneithertheCPInortheGDPdeflator.參考答案：cccdadbab10.b第17章自測(cè)題Whatisthebestmeasureofproductivity?anincreaseintotalrealGDPanincreaseintotalnominalGDPanincreaseinoutputperh

14、ourofworkanincreaseinnominalGDPperworkerWhichofthefollowingisNOTadeterminantofproductivity?physicalcapitalhumancapitalwagestechnologicalknowledgeTherecentgrowthrecordofJapanindicatesthatanationcangrowrapidlywithoutsecurelydefinedpropertyrights.theadoptionofmoderntechnology.significantamountsofcapita

15、lformation.abundantdomesticnaturalresources.Smalldifferencesinthegrowthrate:cantranslateintosignificantdifferencesinthelongrun.usuallymakeverylittledifferenceinthelongrun.aresignificantonlyiftheyarefollowedbysustainedinflation.arenotsignificantenoughtocauseanychangeinlong-runGDPsandcanoftenleadtosig

16、nificantdeclinesingrowth.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeconsideredhumancapital?arobotonanassemblylineacalculatoracollegeeducationacollegeclassroomIfthepoliticalleadersofacountrywantedtopromoteeconomicgrowth,whichofthefollowingpolicyalternativeswouldbemosteffective?pricecontrolsonagriculturalproductsinord

17、ertokeepthepriceoffoodcheapagovernmentprogramthatsupportedresearchanddevelopmentactivitiesincreasedtraderestraintspoliciesrestrictingforeigninvestmentinthecountryThefourdeterminantsofacountrysproductivityare:physicalcapital,humancapital,financialcapital,andnaturalresources.financialcapital,naturalre

18、sources,physicalcapital,andtechnologicalknowledge.physicalcapital,naturalresources,technologicalknowledge,andgovernmentfiscalandmonetarypolicies.physicalcapital,humancapital,naturalresources,andtechnologicalknowledge.Evidenceshowsthat,ingeneral,thelargerthelevelofinvestmentasashareofGDPthesmallerthe

19、productivitygrowthrate.thegreatertheproductivitygrowthrate.hasnoinfluencewhatsoeverontheproductivitygrowthrate.thegreatertheinefficientuseofscarceresources.Accordingtothecatch-upeffectcountriesthatstartoffpoortendtogrowmorerapidlythancountriesthatstartoffrich.countriesthatstartoffpoortendtogrowlessr

20、apidlythancountriesthatstartoffrich.nationswithrelativelyhighlivingstandardsgrowfasterthannationswithlowerlivingstandards.countriesthatstartoffrichundertakemoreinvestmentthancountriesthatstartoffpoor.Aproductionfunctionshowstherelationshipbetween:grossdomesticproductandgrossnationalproduct.thequanti

21、ductionandspending.參考答案：ccdacbdba10.b第18章自測(cè)題：IfMicrosoftsellsabondtheyareborrowingdirectlyfromthepublic.borrowingindirectlyfromthepublic.c.lendingdirectlytothepublic.lendingindirectlytothepublic.Comparedtob

22、onds,stocksoffertheholderlowerrisk.partialownership.thelikelihoodofalowerreturn.d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.Inaclosedeconomy,nationalsavingequalsinvestment.incomeminusthesumofconsumptionandgovernmentexpenditures.privatesavingpluspublicsaving.Alloftheabovearecorrect.SupposethatinaclosedeconomyGDPisequa

23、lto10,000,Taxesareequalto2,000,Consumptionequals6,500,andGovernmentexpendituresequal2,500.Whatareprivatesavingandpublicsaving?1500and-5001500and5001000and一5001000and500Supposethatconsumptionis6,500,taxesare1,500,andgovernmentexpendituresare2,000.Ifnationalsavingsare1,000andtheeconomyisclosedwhatisGD

24、P?9,50010,00010,500Noneoftheabovearecorrect.Ifthecurrentmarketinterestrateforloanablefundsisbelowtheequilibriumlevel,thenthereisasurplusofloanablefundsandtheinterestratewillrise.shortageofloanablefundsandtheinterestratewillrise.shortageofloanablefundsandtheinterestratewillfall.surplusofloanablefunds

25、andtheinterestratewillfall.Whatwouldhappeninthemarketforloanablefundsifthegovernmentweretoincreasethetaxoninterestincome?Thesupplyofloanablefundswouldshiftright.Thedemandforloanablefundswouldshiftright.Thesupplyofloanablefundswouldshiftleft.Thedemandforloanablefundswouldshiftleft.IfCongressinstitute

26、daninvestmenttaxcredit,theinterestratewouldriseandsavingwouldrise.fallandsavingwouldfall.riseandsavingwouldfall.fallandsavingwouldrise.Anincreaseinthebudgetdeficitmakesinvestmentspendingfall.makesinvestmentspendingrise.doesnotaffectinvestmentspending.mayincrease,decrease,ornotaffectinvestmentspendin

27、g.ThefallininvestmentduetogovernmentborrowingiscalledtheBarroReduction.theSolowRresidual.theRicardianPrinciple.crowdingout. .abdaabcaa10.d第20章自測(cè)題：Cyclicalunemploymentiscloselyassociatedwithlong-termeconomicgrowth.short-runupsanddownsoftheeconomy.fluctuationsinthenaturalrateofunemployment.seasonalflu

28、ctuationsinspending.Thelabor-forceparticipationratemeasuresthepercentageofthetotaladultpopulationthatisinthelaborforce.totaladultpopulationthatisemployed.laborforcethatisemployed.laborforcethatiseitheremployedorunemployed.Annahasjustfinishedschoolandstartedlookingforajob,buthasnotyetfoundone.Asaresu

29、lt,theunemploymentrateincreases,andthelabor-forceparticipationrateisunaffected.increases,andthelabor-forceparticipationrateincreases.isunaffected,andthelabor-forceparticipationrateincreases.increases,andthelabor-forceparticipationratedecreases.Discouragedworkersarenotcountedeitheraspartoftheadultpop

30、ulationoraspartofthelaborforce.arecountedaspartoftheadultpopulation,butnotaspartofthelaborforce.arecountedaspartoftheadultpopulation,andasunemployed.d.Nonetheabovearecorrect.Mostspellsofunemploymentarelong,andmostunemploymentobservedatanygiventimeislongterm.long,butmostunemploymentobservedatanygiven

31、timeisshortterm.short,butmostunemploymentobservedatanygiventimeislongterm.short,andmostunemploymentobservedatanygiventimeisshortterm.Thenaturalunemploymentrateincludesbothfrictionalandstructuralunemployment.neitherfrictionalnorstructuralunemployment.structural,butnotfrictionalunemployment.frictional

32、,butnotstructuralunemployment.Peoplewhoareunemployedbecauseofjobsearcharebestclassifiedascyclicallyunemployed.structurallyunemployed.frictionallyunemployed.d.discouragedworkers.Consumersdecidetobuymorecomputersandfewertypewriters.Asaresult,computercompaniesexpandproductionwhiletypewritercompanieslay

33、-offworkers.Thisisanexampleofstructuralunemploymentcreatedbyefficiencywages.cyclicalunemploymentcreatedbyarecession.frictionalunemploymentcreatedbyasectoralshiftindemand.d.Noneoftheabovearecorrect.Whichofthefollowingcausesofunemploymentisnotassociatedwithanexcesssupplyoflabor?minimum-wagelawsunionsj

34、obsearchefficiencywagesThetheoryofefficiencywagesexplainswhysettingwagesattheequilibriumlevelmayincreaseunemployment.itmaybeinthebestinterestoffirmstoofferwagesthatareabovetheequilibriumlevel.themostefficientwaytopayworkersistopaythemaccordingtotheirskills.itisefficientforfirmstosetwagesattheequilib

35、riumlevel.babbc .accc10.b第21章自測(cè)題：Economistsusetheword“money”torefertoincomegeneratedbytheproductionofgoodsandservices.thoseassetsregularlyusedtobuygoodsandservices.thevalueofapersonsassets.thevalueofstocksandbonds.Whichlistranksassetsfrommosttoleastliquid?currency,fineart,stockscurrency,stocks,finea

36、rtfineart,currency,stocksfineart,stocks,currencyWhichofthefollowingisnotincludedinM1?currencydemanddepositssavingsdepositstravelerschecksTheFedcaninfluenceunemploymentintheshortandlongrun.theshortrun,butnotthelongrun.thelongrun,butnottheshortrun.neithertheshortnorlongrun.Asthereserveratioincreases,t

37、hemoneymultiplierincreases.doesnotchange.decreases.coulddoanyoftheabove.Whichlistcontainsonlyactionsthatincreasethemoneysupply?raisethediscountrate,makeopenmarketpurchasesraisethediscountrate,makeopenmarketsaleslowerthediscountrate,makeopenmarketpurchasesd.lowerthediscountrate,makeopenmarketsalesIft

38、heFedwantedtoincreasethemoneysupply,itwouldmakeopenmarketpurchasesandlowerthediscountrate.salesandlowerthediscountrate.purchasesandraisethediscountrate.salesandraisethediscountrate.Whichofthefollowingisnotatoolofmonetarypolicy?openmarketoperationsreserverequirementschangingthediscountrateincreasingt

39、hedeficitInafractionalreservebankingsystem,anincreaseinreserverequirementsincreasesboththemoneymultiplierandthemoneysupply.decreasesboththemoneymultiplierandthemoneysupply.increasesthemoneymultiplier,butdecreasesthemoneysupply.decreasesthemoneymultiplier,butincreasesthemoneysupply.Ifthereserveratioi

40、ncreasedfrom10percentto20percent,themoneymultiplierwouldrisefrom10to20.risefrom5to10.fallfrom10to5.notchange.參考答案：bbcbccadb10.c第22章自測(cè)題：Thesupplyofmoneyincreaseswhenthevalueofmoneyincreases.theinterestrateincreases.theFedmakesopen-marketpurchases.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect.Asthepriceleveldecreases,theva

41、lueofmoneyincreases,sopeoplewanttoholdmoreofit.increases,sopeoplewanttoholdlessofit.decreases,sopeoplewanttoholdmoreofit.decreases,sopeoplewanttoholdlessofit.Accordingtotheclassicaldichotomy,whichofthefollowingincreaseswhenthemoneysupplyincreases?therealinterestraterealGDPtherealwageNoneoftheabovein

42、creases.TheprincipleofmonetaryneutralityimpliesthatanincreaseinthemoneysupplywillincreaserealGDPandthepricelevel.increaserealGDP,butnotthepricelevel.increasethepricelevel,butnotrealGDP.increaseneitherthepricelevelnorrealGDP.Basedonthequantityequation,ifM=100,V=3,andY=200,thenP=.Noneoftheabove

43、iscorrect.Ifmoneyisneutralandvelocityisstable,anincreaseinthemoneysupplycreatesaproportionalincreaseinrealoutput.nominaloutput.thepricelevel.Bothbandcarecorrect.Thenominalinterestrateis6percentandtherealinterestrateis2percent.Whatistheinflationrate?3percent4percent.8percent.12percent.Ifacountryhadde

44、flation,thenominalinterestratewouldbegreaterthantherealinterestrate.therealinterestratewouldbegreaterthanthenominalinterestrate.therealinterestratewouldequalthenominalinterestrate.Noneoftheabovearenecessarilycorrect.Theinflationtaxtransferswealthfromthegovernmenttohouseholds.istheincreaseinincometax

45、esduetolackofindexation.isataxoneveryonewhoholdsmoney.Alloftheabovearecorrect.Whenpeopleusemoreresourcestoreducetheirmoneyholdingsbecauseofhighinflation,thisisanexampleofinflation-inducedtaxdistortions.relative-pricevariabilitycosts.shoeleathercosts.menucosts.Menucostsreferstoresourcesusedbypeopleto

46、maintainlowermoneyholdingswheninflationishigh.thedistortioninresourceallocationcreatedbyuncertaintyconcerningrelativepricechangescreatedbyinflation.thedistortioninincentivescreatedbyinflationwhentaxesdonotadjustforinflation.thecostofmorefrequentpricechangesinducedbyhigherinflation.Foragivenrealinter

47、estrate,anincreaseininflationmakestheafter-taxrealinterestratedecrease,whichencouragessavings.decrease,whichdiscouragessavings.increase,whichencouragessavings.increase,whichdiscouragessavings.參考答案：cbdcbdbbc10.c11.d12.b第23章自測(cè)題:Asrecessionsbeginproductionandunemploymentbothrise.risesandunemploymentfal

48、ls.fallsandunemploymentrises.andunemploymentbothfall.Accordingtoclassicaleconomictheory,changesinthemoneysupplyaffectnominalvariablesandrealvariables.nominalvariables,butnotrealvariables.realvariables,butnotnominalvariables.neithernominalnorrealvariables.Adecreaseinthepricelevelinducespeopletoholdle

49、ssmoney,sotheylendless,andtheinterestraterises.lessmoney,sotheylendmore,andtheinterestratefalls.moremoney,sotheylendmore,andtheinterestraterises.moremoney,sotheylendless,andtheinterestratefalls.Whenthedollardepreciates,U.S.exportsandimportsincrease.exportsincrease,whileimportsdecrease.exportsdecreas

50、e,whileimportsincrease.exportsandimportsdecrease.Anincreaseinthepricelevelcausestheaggregatequantityofgoodsandservicesdemandedtodecreasebecausewealthrises,interestratesrise,andthedollarappreciates.wealthrises,interestratesfall,andthedollardepreciates.wealthfalls,interestratesrise,andthedollarappreci

51、ates.wealthfalls,interestratesfall,andthedollardepreciates.Whentaxesdecrease,consumptionincreasesasshownbyamovementtotherightalongagivenaggregatedemandcurve.shiftingaggregatedemandtotheright.shiftingaggregatesupplytotheright.Noneoftheaboveiscorrect.Whichofthefollowingshiftsaggregatedemandtotheleft?T

52、hepricelevelrises.Thepricelevelfalls.Thedollardepreciates.Stockpricesfall.Theaggregatesupplycurveisverticalintheshortandlongrun.neithertheshortnorlongrun.thelongrun,butnottheshortrun.theshortrun,butnotthelongrun.Thelong-runaggregatesupplycurveshiftsrightiftechnologyimproves.thepriceleveldecreases.th

53、epriceofoilincreases.themoneysupplyincreases.Thestickywagetheoryoftheshort-runaggregatesupplycurvesaysthatwhenthepricelevelrisesmorethanexpected,therealwagerises,soemploymentrises.rises,soemploymentfalls.falls,soemploymentrises.falls,soemploymentfalls.Whichofthefollowingshiftsshort-run,butnotlong-ru

54、naggregatesupplyright?adecreaseinthepriceleveladecreaseintheexpectedpriceleveladecreaseinthecapitalstockanincreaseinthemoneysupply.Whichofthefollowingwouldcausepricestofallandoutputtoriseintheshortrun?Short-runaggregatesupplyshiftsright.Short-runaggregatesupplyshiftsleft.Aggregatedemandshiftsright.A

55、ggregatedemandshiftsleft.Adecreaseintheavailabilityofanimportantmajorresourcesuchasoilshiftsaggregatesupplyright.aggregatesupplyleft.aggregatedemandright.aggregatedemandleft.Whichofthefollowingwouldcausestagflation?aggregatedemandshiftsrightaggregatedemandshiftsleftaggregatesupplyshiftsrightd.aggreg

56、atesupplyshiftsleft參考答案：cbbbcbdca10.c11.b12.a13.b14.d第24章自測(cè)題：Whentheinterestrateincreases,theopportunitycostofholdingmoneyincreases,sothequantityofmoneydemandedincreases.increases,sothequantityofmoneydemandeddecreases.decreases,sothequantityofmoneydemandedincreases.decreases,sothequantityofmoneydema

57、ndeddecreases.Accordingtothetheoryofliquiditypreference,whichvariableadjuststobalancethesupplyanddemandformoney?interestratemoneysupplyquantityofoutputpricelevelPeoplewillwanttoholdmoremoneyifthepricelevelortheinterestrateincreases.ortheinterestratedecreases.increasesortheinterestratedecreases.decreasesortheinterestrateincreases.Themainreasontheaggregatedemandc