同等學(xué)力英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)鞏固班閱讀理解417年11月

1、同等學(xué)力英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)鞏固班閱讀攻堅(jiān)(4)理解文章中的單句和句際關(guān)系(單句理解)The sentence “” means .The sentence “” could mean . What does the sentence “” mean?What does the word “” refers to?句義猜測(cè)題做題公式句子的本意+上下文的提示正確The other reasons to ope the death penalty are largely at murder ismater of individual conscience and bef. One ismurder and t

2、he se has no more right to take a lifen theindividual. The other is Christianity advises frevenge.55. We can learn from the last paragraphiveness, nott .A. neither se nor the individual has the right to take a lifeB. The snote has the right to take a life but the individual doesC. The death penalty

3、has nothing to do with individualconscience and befD. The deterrence figures have added up and the execution ratehas fallen.This all meanst the pandas fight forsurvival will not be an easy one, even with theconcerted effort of man. Forhe end, evenif they can survive the dangers of the wild,they must

4、 still contend with man himself.65.The tone of the authorsconcerning pandas survival is .A. worriedC. angryB. optimisticD. imal句法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)一、簡(jiǎn)單句 (完整句)1、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（不及物動(dòng)詞）2、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（系動(dòng)詞） 表語(yǔ)3、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞） 賓語(yǔ)4、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞） 雙賓語(yǔ)（直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)）5、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞） 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）二、并列句and，but，not only but also， so， for，or, nor三、復(fù)合句名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)

5、從句、狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)單句的1、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（不及物動(dòng)詞）（+狀語(yǔ)）副詞、介詞詞組名詞、代詞2、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（系動(dòng)詞） 表語(yǔ)名詞、代詞形容詞名詞、代詞3、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞） 賓語(yǔ)名詞、代詞名詞、代詞4、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞） 雙賓語(yǔ)（直接賓語(yǔ)+名詞、代詞名詞、代詞間接賓語(yǔ)）名詞、代詞5、主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（及物動(dòng)詞） 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)+名詞、代詞名詞、代詞賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）形容詞名詞、代詞一、簡(jiǎn)單句 (完整句)1. Currently狀語(yǔ)1he U. S., thirty-nine狀語(yǔ)2million people live in poverty.狀語(yǔ)3e homeless語(yǔ)主謂語(yǔ)2. People may謂語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)for

6、 numerous reasons.狀語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)3. The homeless population同位語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)represents all of us Americans.謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)1. Americans usually consider themselves afriendly people.2. I found iteresting to compare myimpress of what was going on withperceptions obtained from the news media.語(yǔ)態(tài):主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài): be+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞例:Such information can b

7、e easilyobtained by a determined hacker.狀語(yǔ)從句1、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句（before, after, as soon as, until, till,hardlywhen, no soonerinstant）2、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句（where）3、原因狀語(yǔ)從句（because, 4、目的狀語(yǔ)從句（in order case）n, when, while, the moment, thehat, since, as）t; sot; for feart; lest; in5、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句（sot; ）t; such6、條件狀語(yǔ)從句（if, even if , unles

8、s, as long as, sup t）ing7、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句（though, although, even though, as, while, no matter what/when/how/where/who/whether）8、比較狀語(yǔ)從句（moremore）n; asas; the morethe9、方式狀語(yǔ)從句（as，as if ，as though）名詞性從句1、主語(yǔ)從句2、賓語(yǔ)從句3、表語(yǔ)從句4、同位語(yǔ)從句1. Advocates of lifelong learning arguet itmerely describes whahe past decade.s change

9、d in education2. The theory is t in such plastudents willfeel more at ease, and therefore will be bettermotivated,n in a classroom.3. At the Kyoto conference on global warming inDecember 1997, it became abundantly clear howcomplex ise to work outernationalagreements relating to the environment becau

10、seof economic concerns unique to each country.同位語(yǔ)從句由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上同一層次語(yǔ)言組成的結(jié)構(gòu)，其中前項(xiàng)與后項(xiàng)所指相同，句法功能也相同，這種結(jié)構(gòu)叫同位結(jié)構(gòu)。名詞詞組，反身代詞，不定代詞或指示代詞、ING分詞、不定式和從句都可作同位語(yǔ)。用來(lái)作同位語(yǔ)的從句叫同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句主要由t引導(dǎo)，這時(shí)t從句表示它所修飾詞的實(shí)際內(nèi)容.同位從句一般跟在某些名詞,如: answer，hope，fact，bef ，news，idea，promise，information，order， suggestion，problem，thought 等后面。He alway

11、s works hard even if he knows thefactt he is not in good health.His failure was due to the factt he had notpractised for a long time.1. This attitude probably has something to do withAmerican mobility and the factlike to be dependent on otht Americans do noteople.as the notion 2.t traditional examin

12、ations donot test the full range of peoples abilities.3. Another was the beft skills are not nesarilylearned from teachers in an conventional classroom.4. All this echoed left-wing ideast traditionalteaching methods were not sufficiently adaptable tothe needs of individual learners.定語(yǔ)從句1、限制性定語(yǔ)從句2、非限

13、制性定語(yǔ)從句N(xiāo)(1t/which/who/when/where/ whom)N,2.(which/who/when/where/ whom)(some/ a few/all of which/whom)定語(yǔ)從句1. Something, early on, they will ask youquestionst you may feel are veryal.2. Americans are usually more eager to explainall about their country or anything “American”in which you may be3. The s

14、harp climberested.he ses murder rate,which began when executions stopped, is nocoincidence.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞句子成分不定式動(dòng)詞的ing形式（動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞）過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞名詞詞組1、形容詞+名詞2、名詞+介詞詞組3、現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去分詞+名詞4、名詞+現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去分詞+介詞詞組21長(zhǎng)句理解1. Although the threat of global warmingknown tothe worldfor decadesand all countries a

15、nd leaders agreet we need todeal with the problem, we also knowt theeffects of measures ,espelly harshmeasures taken in some countries, would bemollified (抵消) if other countries do nots. （99年）control their emis2. With much of the country given over tomarket gardening and theensivecultivation of flow

16、ers and vegetables, plannershave also come up with designs for floatinggreenhousesdesignedsotthe waterbeneath them irrigates the plants and controlsthe temperature inside. (2003年)獨(dú)立主格 (獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu))(With/without)+名詞+介詞詞組+現(xiàn)在分詞+過(guò)去分詞+形容詞做題訣竅:1、僅靠逗號(hào)不能分隔句子,必須要有連詞2、判斷主動(dòng)還是3. A pilot project, covering 50 hectares o

17、fflooded land near Amsterdams Schiphol airport, is planned for 2005. (2003年)（間隔結(jié)構(gòu)，先將兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)略去不看，將句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)連接起來(lái)）4.My new home was a long way from thecentre of London but it wasingessential to find a job, so finally I spent awhole morninggetting totownandputting my name down to be consideredby Lond

18、on Transport for a job on the tube. (2003年)5. Obviously I would be overqualified but Iwas willing to fet aboutt in return fora steadye and travel privileges-thosebeing particularlye to someone livinga long way from the city centre. (2003年)6. With payment by credit card more andmore common, it is not

19、 unusual for a driver to be out of his car for as long as six minutesproviding the car thiefwigoldenopportunity. (2003年) （With payment bycredit card more and more common是獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)做的原因狀語(yǔ)）7. Nowadays, we hear a lot about the growingthreat of globalization,panied by thosewarningst the rich pattern of local

20、life isbeing undermined, and many dialects anding extinct. (2003年)traditions are8. The principal argument advanced by thoseoped to the death penalty, basically istit is cruel and inhuman punishment,the mark of a brutal society, and finallyt it ist iti sof questionableeffectivenessasadeterrent to cri

21、me anyway. （99年）（一個(gè)主句和三個(gè)并列的表語(yǔ)從句）9. Sportswear and soft drinks are harmlessproducts when compared to the many otherthingslong exve been globally available for aeriod of time-le. (2003年)ande, for10.Graduating fromlawschoolin1981,GrishSouracticed law for nearly a decade inven, spelizing in criminal def

22、ense and). (2002年)al injury litigation (Grisham lives with11.his wifeandtwochildren, dividing their time betVictorian home on a 67 acre farmn theirississippiand a 204 acre planVirginia. (2002年)ion near Charlottesville,12. A quality education is the ultimaiberator.It can free people from poverty, giv

23、ing themtheer to grey improve their lives andtake a productive place in society. It csofree communities and countries, allowing themto leap forwardo periods of wealndsoitysible. (2002年)totherwisewouldnot be13. If we know measure the goalerms ofchildren sucsfully completing a minimumof five years of

24、primary school, instead of justenrolling for classes, which used to be the measuring stick for education, then thechallengees even more difficult. (2002年)14. Therefore, it is importantcitizens of the future,t children, thee functionallyacquaed with science- with the pros andspirit of science, as wel

25、l as with its facts andprinciples. (2004年)15. In fact, there is no area of the curriculum to which science cannot contribute, whether it is geography, history, language arts, music, or art! (2004年)16. Those whosess it seek answers throughobserving, experimenting, and reasoning, rathern blindly accep

26、ting the pronouncements of others. (2004年)17. While respecting the opinions of others, theyexpect honesty, accuracy, and objectivity andare on guard againssty judgments andgeneralizations. (2004年)s18. All children should be develothisapproach to solving problems, but it cannotbe expected to appear a

27、utomatically with the mere acquisition of information. Continual practice, through guided participation, is needed. (2004年)19. While we were raised in a house whereeveryone had to take two bites of corm, beets(甜菜)，or liver (foodst appeared quiteof t e non our t a bl edespi t ec o ns t a n tcomplaini

28、ng), the grandchildren never have toeat anything(2004年)t does not appeal to them.20. I have watched committees attempting todecode sequenof names, agonize overwhether a much-cited pr was really thecandidates work or a coauthors, and send backmendations asking for more specificityof responsibility. (

29、2004年)about the diviTheme-park-bound bargain seekers would be wiseto spend some time surfing online before they get inline at the parks thimmer.A growing number of these attractions now allowcustomers to pre-tickets at home with largediscounts off the gate price, in part to spurattendances declined in recent years.The word “attractions” (line 1, para. 2) refers to .A. theme parksC. e-ticketsB. bargainsD. discountsElectronic media are ha