2022年北京交通大學(xué)海濱學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年北京交通大學(xué)海濱學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan is designed to _ the staff to work hard. A、calculate B、demonstrate C、speculate D、motivate【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞語辨析。【譯文】利潤共享計劃目的是激發(fā)員工努力工作。A 計算、估算 B 證實、論證、演示 C思索、推測 D 激勵、激發(fā)第2題【單選題】【填句補文】The author says that interpersonal relations

2、 should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. _. That is at least as important as how much we know. A、Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends. B、He keeps looking over the other pe

3、rsons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room. C、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes. D、In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.【正確答案】D【答案解析】后句中的

4、代詞we在D中才有呼應(yīng)的代詞，而且在文章最后出現(xiàn)觀點句是通常論述文的發(fā)展特點，因此判斷D正確。第3題【單選題】【2009.01】You should help them_when your friends quarrel with each other. A、come into sight B、come to terms C、come into play D、come to power【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查短語的習(xí)慣用法。句意：當(dāng)你的朋友吵架時，你應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助他們協(xié)調(diào)一下。come into 或 come to 都表示進入（某種狀態(tài)）。A 映入眼簾；B. 達成協(xié)議，妥協(xié)；C 開始運作；

5、D. 上臺，開始掌權(quán)。 第4題【單選題】【2007.04】If the operation _ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful. A、was not B、has not been C、had not been D、were not【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查虛擬語氣。主句是對過去的虛擬，所以根據(jù)句意，條件狀語從句也應(yīng)該是對過去的虛擬，所以用had done的形式。句意：如果手術(shù)沒有經(jīng)過認(rèn)真仔細的準(zhǔn)備，它就不會成功。第5題【單選題】【2009.01】If you try to learn too many thin

6、gs at a time, you may get_. A、concentrated B、confused C、confirmed D、convinced【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形近形容詞意義區(qū)分。句意：如果你試圖一次學(xué)太多東西，你就有可能糊涂了。A .濃縮的，專心的；B 糊涂的，混淆的；C 根深蒂固的；D 確信的。第6題【單選題】【2009.01】Children have a natural_about the world around them. A、certainty B、capability C、cleverness D、curiosity【正確答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩

7、子們對他們周圍的事物有著天然的好奇心?？疾槊~詞義選擇。A 確定性，肯定的事；B 能力，才能；C 精明，聰穎；D 好奇心，求知欲。 第7題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a

8、sudden high tide.Q: The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。該題目說的是：Kiribati的人民擔(dān)心他們的國家將被突發(fā)的洪水淹沒。該題源于第一句：Kiribati的國民擔(dān)心在近期的某一天，他們的國家將會地球上面消失by a sudden high tide。第8題【單選題】【2009.7】The judge who was _ to

9、his favorite was criticized by many people. A、partial B、fair C、strict D、frank【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞的意義區(qū)分。本題句意為：許多人批評了偏袒他自己喜愛（球隊或球員）的那個裁判員。A 偏袒的，不公平的；B 公正的；C 嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的； D 坦率的。第9題【單選題】【2010.04】In order to follow fashions, the girl has to _ great discomforts. A、catch up with B、put up with C、keep up with D、

10、fall in with【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查短語辨析?！咀g文】為了跟隨時尚，這個女孩不得不忍受極度地不舒適。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，趕上。keep up with：和.保持聯(lián)系。fall in with：偶然遇到，贊同。第10題【單選題】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正

11、確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分。【譯文】強烈支持采取新措施維護移民的權(quán)力?！驹敿毥獯稹緼 統(tǒng)計學(xué) B 建設(shè) C 措施，辦法 D 讓步，特許權(quán)第11題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own

12、 particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板) and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鴉) and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curio

13、sity_. A、when he is two. B、when he is around four. C、when he is six. D、when he is eight.【正確答案】B【答案解析】根據(jù)In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。第12題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the

14、 butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very

15、 small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because A、it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own. B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C、its pull disappears in the pre

16、sence of the earths gravitation. D、it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題定位詞是not feelpacket of butter，找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答

17、案是B。C項錯在disappear。第13題【單選題】【2008.10】Country life is better than city life _ it offers fresh air and noiseless environment. A、in that B、as that C、as for D、in which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復(fù)合句。句意為：鄉(xiāng)村生活好過城市生活，因為它空氣新鮮且環(huán)境無噪音。in that 是復(fù)合連接詞，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作一個固定詞組。A 在于，原因是，在方面；C. 關(guān)于，至于，舉例：I like the country better

18、 in that it is closer to nature. 我更喜歡鄉(xiāng)村，因為它更接近自然。第14題【單選題】【2009.01】If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get_. A、concentrated B、confused C、confirmed D、convinced【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形近形容詞意義區(qū)分。句意：如果你試圖一次學(xué)太多東西，你就有可能糊涂了。A .濃縮的，專心的；B 糊涂的，混淆的；C 根深蒂固的；D 確信的。第15題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Secondary school had

19、its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at any sport, except looking. I loved basketball and tennis. The first day I held a racket, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six straight sets without sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadnt

20、even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate in a _. A、basketball game B、tennis game C、marathon game D、football game【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。詞義理解和事實細節(jié)題。通過關(guān)鍵詞disgrace，考生可迅速定位至本段，再通過本段的關(guān)鍵詞racket，可以判定正確答案是網(wǎng)球比賽。第16題【單選題】【2009.04】We _ go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home. A、occasi

21、onally B、relatively C、continually D、absolutely【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義辨析。譯文：我們偶爾外出去餐館吃飯，但通常是在家吃飯。詳細解答：A 偶爾地、偶然地、不經(jīng)常；B 相對地、比較地；C 持續(xù)地、不間斷地；D 完全地。第17題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百歲老人) get asked all the time：“How did you live to be 100?Q: T

22、he five centenarians live in a very friendly community A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。題目說的是“這五位百歲老人生活在一個非常友好的社區(qū)”，文章開頭部分提到了“community(社區(qū))”，但該句并沒有說這五位百歲老人生活的社區(qū)是否是一個友好的社區(qū)，因此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有提到。第18題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. Fo

23、r example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no difference.You are advised to read something before you _. A、find the topic sentences B、find out the new words C、keep reading fast D、go to

24、bed every day【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段提到一位著名的醫(yī)生不管晚上睡得多晚，都要花15分鐘讀點東西，那已經(jīng)成為習(xí)慣。所以本題說“在你干什么之前，建議你讀點東西”，從選項中看只有 D 項合適。第19題【單選題】【2009.10】_ he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely. A、As B、When C、While D、Since【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查狀語從句的從屬連詞?！咀g文】 盡管（雖然）他有許多朋友，但他常常感到孤獨。第20題【單選題】【2009.10】So far scientists have only a

25、cquired _ understanding of the physical processes that cause earthquakes. A、a partial B、a changeable C、an original D、an individual【正確答案】A第21題【單選題】【2009.01】If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get_. A、concentrated B、confused C、confirmed D、convinced【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形近形容詞意義區(qū)分。句意：如果你試圖

26、一次學(xué)太多東西，你就有可能糊涂了。A .濃縮的，專心的；B 糊涂的，混淆的；C 根深蒂固的；D 確信的。第22題【單選題】【2009.01】Children have a natural_about the world around them. A、certainty B、capability C、cleverness D、curiosity【正確答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子們對他們周圍的事物有著天然的好奇心。考查名詞詞義選擇。A 確定性，肯定的事；B 能力，才能；C 精明，聰穎；D 好奇心，求知欲。 第23題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】But just like your alarm clock

27、, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thoug

28、ht that the signals that synchronize the bodys clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs? A、Our biological clock resets itself automatically. B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our

29、biological clock. C、Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically. D、Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.【正確答案】C【答案解析】是非判斷題，根據(jù)第五自然段首句But just like（和一樣） your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day.

30、 How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.代詞 it指代biological clock，不是選項internal clock和alarm clock都可以自動調(diào)節(jié)。得到答案為C。A D 我們的生物鐘自動調(diào)節(jié)。B 光線通過我們的眼睛調(diào)節(jié)生物鐘，與原文一致。第24題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an impo

31、rtant problem for everyone, young or old. It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find interesting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is

32、not a particularly difficult problem for people _. A、who are very busy everyday B、who are sick in bed C、who are aged and in good health D、who have retired from work【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題可采用排除法，第三句話（It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a livi

33、ng.），可以看出這三類人對于怎樣度過空閑時光是特別困難的，所以可以排除BCD項，選A。第25題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of searching for clean clothes by laying them out the nig

34、ht before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharp hours.You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _. A、help to keep your energy for the days work B、help you to control your temper early in the day

35、 C、enable you to concentrate on your routine work D、keep your energy cycle under control all day【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題問的是因果關(guān)系。回答這一問題的關(guān)鍵是看懂本段的第二句和其他句子的聯(lián)系。首先要注意這一段的第一句“Get off to a slow start which saves your energy”，也就是說早上慢慢起床可以節(jié)省能量。緊接該句的三個句子都是慢慢起床的具體做法。因此選項A是正確答案。第26題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The river was so high that t

36、he water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. A、True B、False C、N

37、ot Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題的意思是：救援車輛費了很大勁才把人救出來。此句的意思在最后一句提到了，故選A。第27題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative d

38、epression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the pas

39、sage, which of the following pairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm? A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology book B、Learning a poem and then taking a nap C、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimming D、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry probl

40、em【正確答案】B【答案解析】段落的結(jié)尾處講到：在腦力活動方面，我們也同樣是有節(jié)奏的，因為我們在高度集中精力一段時間以后，必須讓腦子有一個松弛的階段(“we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration”)。根據(jù)這個信息，A、D項內(nèi)容都是高度集中的腦力活動，與原文內(nèi)容恰好相反；B項內(nèi)容是學(xué)習(xí)詩歌與小睡一會，正好符合原文，一張一弛。而C項內(nèi)容又全是不費腦力的活動，也不符合原文。第28題【單選題】It makes good_ to bring an umbrella; it seems to be rainin

41、g today. A、sense B、reason C、suggestion D、advice【正確答案】A【答案解析】【譯文】今天天氣看起來要下雨了，因此帶著傘是合情合理的。【試題分析】 短語意義區(qū)分題。 【詳細解答】 A . to make (good) sense “很有意義、合乎情理的、明智的”B 原因 C 建議 D 勸告第29題【單選題】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites

42、usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to _. A、the per

43、sistence of heavy metals B、industrially polluted soils C、naturally polluted soils D、rock and soil chemistry【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金屬，而且重金屬很穩(wěn)定，不容易降解，所以要對重金屬進行徹底的清除。答案選擇A。第30題【單選題】The professor asked a question, and David_ a good answer. A、put up with B、stood up for C、came up with D、looked down u

44、pon【正確答案】C【答案解析】【譯文】教授問了一個問題，戴維想出一個答案?！驹囶}分析】短語意義區(qū)分題。 【詳細解答】 A 忍受、忍耐 B保衛(wèi)、支持 C 想出、提出 D 輕視、看不起第31題【單選題】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly

45、because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficulties of introducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because _. A、too much energy B、based on American designs C、they are too costly D、they are not reliable【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段第二句就是講的兩個

46、原因，即人們的工資水平太低，也就是沒有能力使機器人發(fā)揮出創(chuàng)造財富的作用，言下之意就是成本高。第二個原因就是人們逐漸意識到了操縱機器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以應(yīng)該選C。第32題【單選題】【2009.04】Ive got the order from the boss that the work _ finished before 5 p.m. today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、could be【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查名詞從句中的虛擬語氣。譯文：我已經(jīng)從老板那得到指令，這項工作在今天下午五點鐘之前要完成。that引導(dǎo)同位

47、語從句，說明order的內(nèi)容。同時從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動詞原形的形式，should 可以省略。第33題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent

48、of reptile（爬行類的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that _. A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain. B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out. C、there are fewer species of reptiles and

49、 butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。本段的第二個句子是這么說的：有21個國家組成的歐洲委員會的研究表明，45%的爬行動物和24%的蝴蝶瀕臨滅絕。由此可見，D是正確的答案。第34題【單選題】【2009.01】If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get_. A、concentrated B、confused C、c

50、onfirmed D、convinced【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形近形容詞意義區(qū)分。句意：如果你試圖一次學(xué)太多東西，你就有可能糊涂了。A .濃縮的，專心的；B 糊涂的，混淆的；C 根深蒂固的；D 確信的。第35題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be

51、dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT_. A、Communication between employers and

52、employees would be more difficult. B、More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees. C、The job market would be more competitive. D、It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正確答案】B【答案解析】是非判斷題。對照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for l

53、onger would create greater competition for jobs.排除選項C；It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.排除選項D；And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排除選項A；答案是B。第36題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us, which ta

54、kes care of us, but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving（感知）reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that

55、our future is decided mainly by _. A、a superior force like God B、our way of being, such as our character C、things and persons that surround us D、others choice and responsibility【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。雖然作者也聲明自己并不否認(rèn)世界上存在任何一種具有超自然力量的東西，但是根據(jù)文章本段的but the main element that helps us build up our future is our w

56、ay of being可知，作者認(rèn)為影響我們未來的最主要的因素還是我們自己的所作所為，答案為B項。第37題【單選題】【概括大意】They always complained（抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal

57、 with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the youn

58、g peoples mind in following ways. B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. C、There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people. D、Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize t

59、heir parents.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題段落中的各句列舉了年輕人都抱怨其父母些什么，談的是what are the criticisms?的問題因此選擇C。第38題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過去分詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)士營養(yǎng)很好，他們就會很快痊愈。A 營養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿，塞滿； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險第39題【單選題】【200

60、9.10】The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes, _ caused me to arrive late. A、it B、that C、what D、which【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查非限制性定語從句。整句話的意思是：交通阻塞30多分鐘，這使得我到達晚了。第40題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant where they were going to have lunch after her